# solidity智能合约在moonbeam上测试(mac os)

By [Franco](https://paragraph.com/@franco) · 2022-05-20

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大致先归纳下几个步骤和目标

目标：在polkatdot的moonbeam链上发布智能合约solidity，使用web3.js连接测试

步骤：

*   安装moonbeam节点
    
*   账号工具脚本
    
*   发布solidity脚本
    
*     
    

需要安装和工具：

*   node
    
*   rust
    
*   cargo
    
*   连接外部网络工具
    

步骤：

1.安装moonbeam节点

1.1获取moonbeam的node docker

    docker pull purestake/moonbeam:v0.23.0
    

1.2用docker启动node

    docker run --rm --name moonbeam_development -p 9944:9944 -p 9933:9933 \
    purestake/moonbeam:v0.23.0 \
    --dev --ws-external --rpc-external
    

如果启动成功,输出

![](https://storage.googleapis.com/papyrus_images/78272f183e9a1fccfa41e575cdb0ac0cbb8f735628105e24ccb2863e0bda4c05.png)

有了moonbeam链， 接下来需要提供一个后台服务，生产环境建议OnFinality或是Blast，我们这里就直接使用127.0.0.1:9944做后台服务。

2接下来会写两个脚本，第一个检查账号，第二个发动交易。

*   创建node工程
    
*   创建脚本
    
*     
    

2.1创建工程

    mkdir web3-examples && cd web3-examples
    

    npm install web3 solc@0.8.0
    

2.2 账户脚本（balances.js）

检查两个账号：0xf24FF3a9CF04c71Dbc94D0b566f7A27B94566cac 和 0x3Cd0A705a2DC65e5b1E1205896BaA2be8A07c6e0，这里是随机选择的，也可以别的账号，账号查看打开

[https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/accounts](https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/accounts)

    // 1. Add the Web3 provider logic here:
    // {...}
    const Web3 = require('web3');
    
    //Create web3 instance
    const web3 = new Web3('http://127.0.0.1:9933');
    
    
    
    // 2. Create address variables
    const addressFrom = '0xf24FF3a9CF04c71Dbc94D0b566f7A27B94566cac';
    const addressTo   = '0x3Cd0A705a2DC65e5b1E1205896BaA2be8A07c6e0';
    
    // 3. Create balances function
    const balances = async () => {
      // 4. Fetch balance info
      const balanceFrom = web3.utils.fromWei(await web3.eth.getBalance(addressFrom), 'ether');
      const balanceTo = web3.utils.fromWei(await web3.eth.getBalance(addressTo), 'ether');
    
      console.log(`The balance of ${addressFrom} is: ${balanceFrom} ETH`);
      console.log(`The balance of ${addressTo} is: ${balanceTo} ETH`);
    };
    
    // 5. Call balances function
    balances();
    

执行

    node balances.js
    

输出

    The balance of 0xf24FF3a9CF04c71Dbc94D0b566f7A27B94566cac is: 1207825.819614629174706176 ETH
    The balance of 0x3Cd0A705a2DC65e5b1E1205896BaA2be8A07c6e0 is: 1208925.819614629174706176 ETH
    

看到上面的输出就代表脚本正确执行了。

2.3交易脚本（transaction.js）

从一个账户转移eth到另外一个账号

    // 1. Add the Web3 provider logic here:
    // {...}
    
    // 2. Create account variables
    const accountFrom = {
      privateKey: 'YOUR-PRIVATE-KEY-HERE',
      address: 'PUBLIC-ADDRESS-OF-PK-HERE',
    };
    const addressTo = 'ADDRESS-TO-HERE'; // Change addressTo
    
    // 3. Create send function
    const send = async () => {
      console.log(`Attempting to send transaction from ${accountFrom.address} to ${addressTo}`);
    
      // 4. Sign tx with PK
      const createTransaction = await web3.eth.accounts.signTransaction(
        {
          gas: 21000,
          to: addressTo,
          value: web3.utils.toWei('1', 'ether'),
        },
        accountFrom.privateKey
      );
    
      // 5. Send tx and wait for receipt
      const createReceipt = await web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction(createTransaction.rawTransaction);
      console.log(`Transaction successful with hash: ${createReceipt.transactionHash}`);
    };
    
    // 6. Call send function
    send();
    

执行

    node transaction.js
    

输出

    Attempting to send transaction from 0xf24FF3a9CF04c71Dbc94D0b566f7A27B94566cac to 0x3Cd0A705a2DC65e5b1E1205896BaA2be8A07c6e0
    Transaction successful with hash: 0xb1f3e505fbb1540d8eba2ea574824608878de839cbd29c27f9a0ef6cec146b00
    

ok ,成功。这个时候你可以再次查询balance脚本查看是否有变化。

接下来步入主要的内容了，发布solidity智能合约了。

3发布智能合约solidity

3.1智能合约（Incrementer.sol）

    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
    
    pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
    
    contract Incrementer {
        uint256 public number;
    
        constructor(uint256 _initialNumber) {
            number = _initialNumber;
        }
    
        function increment(uint256 _value) public {
            number = number + _value;
        }
    
        function reset() public {
            number = 0;
        }
    }
    

3.2编译脚本（compile.js）

    // 1. Import packages
    const fs = require('fs');
    const solc = require('solc');
    
    // 2. Get path and load contract
    const source = fs.readFileSync('Incrementer.sol', 'utf8');
    
    // 3. Create input object
    const input = {
       language: 'Solidity',
       sources: {
          'Incrementer.sol': {
             content: source,
          },
       },
       settings: {
          outputSelection: {
             '*': {
                '*': ['*'],
             },
          },
       },
    };
    // 4. Compile the contract
    const tempFile = JSON.parse(solc.compile(JSON.stringify(input)));
    const contractFile = tempFile.contracts['Incrementer.sol']['Incrementer'];
    
    // 5. Export contract data
    module.exports = contractFile;
    

3.3发布脚本（deploy.js）

    // 1. Import the contract file
    const contractFile = require('./compile');
    
    // 2. Add the Ethers provider logic here:
    // {...}
    
    // 3. Create address variables
    const accountFrom = {
      privateKey: 'YOUR-PRIVATE-KEY-HERE',
      address: 'PUBLIC-ADDRESS-OF-PK-HERE',
    };
    
    // 4. Get the bytecode and API
    const bytecode = contractFile.evm.bytecode.object;
    const abi = contractFile.abi;
    
    // 5. Create deploy function
    const deploy = async () => {
      console.log(`Attempting to deploy from account ${accountFrom.address}`);
    
      // 6. Create contract instance
      const incrementer = new web3.eth.Contract(abi);
    
      // 7. Create constructor tx
      const incrementerTx = incrementer.deploy({
        data: bytecode,
        arguments: [5],
      });
    
      // 8. Sign transacation and send
      const createTransaction = await web3.eth.accounts.signTransaction(
        {
          data: incrementerTx.encodeABI(),
          gas: await incrementerTx.estimateGas(),
        },
        accountFrom.privateKey
      );
    
      // 9. Send tx and wait for receipt
      const createReceipt = await web3.eth.sendSignedTransaction(createTransaction.rawTransaction);
      console.log(`Contract deployed at address: ${createReceipt.contractAddress}`);
    };
    
    // 10. Call deploy function
    deploy();
    

上面的私钥和地址替换下

执行

    node deploy.js
    

输出

    Attempting to deploy from account 0xf24FF3a9CF04c71Dbc94D0b566f7A27B94566cac
    Contract deployed at address: 0xc01Ee7f10EA4aF4673cFff62710E1D7792aBa8f3
    

ok，成功。

3.4查看智能合约脚本（get.js）

    // 1. Import the contract abi
    const { abi } = require('./compile');
    
    // 2. Add the Ethers provider logic here:
    // {...}
    
    // 3. Create address variables
    const contractAddress = 'CONTRACT-ADDRESS-HERE';
    
    // 4. Create contract instance
    const incrementer = new web3.eth.Contract(abi, contractAddress);
    
    // 5. Create get function
    const get = async () => {
      console.log(`Making a call to contract at address: ${contractAddress}`);
    
      // 6. Call contract
      const data = await incrementer.methods.number().call();
    
      console.log(`The current number stored is: ${data}`);
    };
    
    // 7. Call get function
    get();
    

输出

    Making a call to contract at address: 0xc01Ee7f10EA4aF4673cFff62710E1D7792aBa8f3
    The current number stored is: 5
    

这里我们看到number stored是5，那是因为我们在发布智能合约的时候，输入的初始化就是5。看deploy.js

      // 7. Create constructor tx
      const incrementerTx = incrementer.deploy({
        data: bytecode,
        arguments: [5],
      });
    

上面的各种账号/交易/合约的查询也可以在页面中查看，基本的可以使用

[https://moonbeam-explorer.netlify.app/](https://moonbeam-explorer.netlify.app/)

里面配置本地连接的 node.

参考：

1.本文整体参考

[https://docs.moonbeam.network/builders/build/eth-api/libraries/web3js/#setup-web3-with-moonbeam](https://docs.moonbeam.network/builders/build/eth-api/libraries/web3js/#setup-web3-with-moonbeam)

2.如何获取moonbeam dev node中的公私钥，参考下面链接

[https://docs.moonbeam.network/builders/get-started/networks/moonbeam-dev/](https://docs.moonbeam.network/builders/get-started/networks/moonbeam-dev/)

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*Originally published on [Franco](https://paragraph.com/@franco/solidity-moonbeam-mac-os)*