Fees are the lifeblood of web3. They reflect actual demand for blockspace, and one of the largest areas of spend across the entire ecosystem, with more than $5.3B being spent in 2024 across all the major L1 and L2s.
However, fees are fairly opaque, and there is no resource for people to inspect them. To help shine a light on this underexplored area of web3 spend, Gas Network has created a community dashboard so that all users of web3 can better understand fee markets across every major blockchain ecosystem.
We are bringing gas markets out of the shadows; developing infrastructure to make gas fees more understandable, more accessible, and ultimately make every gas market more efficient.
Cumulative gas fees across all blockchains analyzed: $29.6 billion
Past year: $5.3B in total transaction fees
Monthly average: ~$460M
Despite a broad assumption that Ethereum dominates, the data suggests a more nuanced story. Ethereum still leads fees, but other chains—particularly Solana, Bitcoin, and Tron —are generating meaningful transaction fee revenue. And the shape of these fees has changed a lot over time.
Solana’s transaction fees surged 1,992% YoY, reaching $1B in the last year.
This trend may be reversing with the drop in meme coin volume. In January, Solana recorded $255M in fees and dropped to $85M in fees in February.
Tron generated $41M in fees in the last month, compared to Bitcoin’s $16M.
It’s one of the top chains in transaction fee revenue, yet has a smaller mindshare than Ethereum, Solana, and Bitcoin.
These fees are likely due to USDT stablecoin transactions—Tron is a primary network for Tether transfers.
Bitcoin has the highest market cap (~$1.7T) but has much lower fees.
Fees tend to spike around bull market congestion (e.g., Ordinals/inscriptions), but not sustained long-term.
Ethereum L1 fees were virtually flat from 2023 to 2024 and down from 2022 and 2021.
Over this time period, Ethereum has moved into a role as a base layer, with L2s like Base, Arbitrum, and Optimism absorbing more transactions.
Base’s yearly fees hit $104M, up 534% YoY.
If transaction volume keeps rising, it could become a major gas revenue player.
Arbitrum has the largest TVL of any ETH L2, and transaction fees declined 55% YoY.
This fee compression is likely due to efficiency improvements, making Abitrum a highly efficient chain.
Scroll and zkSync fees remain small compared to Optimistic Rollups.
We expect ZK rollups fees to scale in 2025 as more chains come online leveraging this technology.
While the Ethereum L2 ecosystem has scaled and represents meaningful transaction volume, we have also seen other L1s scale their TVL and transaction count.
Avalanche has $1.163B in DeFi TVL but accounted for just 0.3% of 2024 transaction fees, highlighting their low cost chain.
SEI launched its low cost EVM chain last year, where it currently costs ~$0.04 for 10,000 transactions.
We expect 2025 to see more low-cost L1s come online, such as Bera, Monad, and MegaETH.
Last year also saw the rise of alternative DA layers like Eigen, Celestia, and Espresso. Today the community dashboard does not reflect these, but this is an area where we hope to work with the community to enhance the data set.
Gas Network is a new decentralized oracle protocol from Blocknative designed to bring Web3 gas markets fully onchain. Soon, wallets, dapps, and any other onchain actor will be able to trustlessly read gas prices from our onchain oracles on over 40 chains. Removing the need to use an offchain API and enabling more of the transaction flow to move onchain.
Ready to take control of your gas fees? Getting started is easy:
Explore the Docs: Check out our developer documentation to learn how to integrate our feeds into your smart contracts.
Try Our Extension: Download our Chrome extension for an easy, user-friendly way to monitor and manage gas prices.
Stay Connected: Follow us on X for product updates, behind-the-scenes insights, and important announcements.
The assumption that Ethereum is the dominant gas-fee generator is still somewhat true, but changing. Solana has emerged as a high-fee chain while Tron is a silent transaction giant.
The fee markets are a source of endless research and investigation. We are excited to see how the community leverages this new tool to better understand fee markets. Feel free to dig in and share your findings with us on social media @GasDotNetwork.
h/t to Sealaunch for helping us to bring this dashboard to life.
