# web3必备词汇 By [Isabella🦄](https://paragraph.com/@isabella-26) · 2022-11-20 --- 51% Attack ---------- Also known as a Majority Attack. When one or a group of miners control greater than 50% of the network's mining hashrate or computational power. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 51% 攻击 ------ **也称为多数攻击。当一个或一组矿工控制超过 50% 的网络挖矿哈希率或计算能力时。** **A** Absolute Advantage ------------------ An economics concept in which one party has a direct advantage in efficiency in producing/providing a specific good or service over another party. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 绝对优势 ---- 一种经济学概念，其中一方在生产/提供特定商品或服务方面比另一方具有直接的效率优势。 ----------------------------------------- Active Management ----------------- **An investing strategy employed by fund managers aiming to outperform an index or market in order to generate profits.** **主动管理** **基金经理采用的一种投资策略，旨在跑赢指数或市场以产生利润。** Ad Hoc ------ A phrase of Latin origin that is used in modern English to mean 'for this purpose' or 'specifically for this.' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **特别指定** **源自拉丁语的短语，在现代英语中用于表示“为此目的”或“专门为此”。** Address ------- **String of text that designates the location of a particular wallet on the blockchain. Often a hashed version of a public key.** **地址** **文本字符串用于代表特定钱包在区块链上的位置，通常是公钥的散列版本。** **（即常说的钱包地址）** Airdrop ------- **The distribution of digital assets to the public, either by virtue of holding a certain other token or simply by virtue of being an active wallet address on a particular blockchain** **空投** **向公众分发数字资产，要么通过持有某种其他代币，要么仅仅通过成为特定区块链上的活跃钱包地址** Algorithm --------- **A sequence of unambiguous instructions used for the purpose of solving a problem.** **算法** **用于解决问题的一系列明确指令。** **All or None Order (AON)** **An order which once placed, must either be filled in its entirety or not at all. This prevents any partial filling of orders.** **全或无订单（AON）** **订单一旦下达，必须全部填写或根本不填写。这可以防止订单的任何部分填写。** All-Time High (ATH) ------------------- **The highest price of a cryptocurrency in a quote​ currency, such as a dollar, BTC, ETH, or BNB** **历史新高 (ATH)** **以美元、BTC、ETH 或 BNB 等报价货币表示的加密货币的最高价格** Allocation ---------- **An allotment of tokens or equity, that may be earned, purchased, or set aside for a certain investor, team, group, organization, or other related entity.** **分配** **可以为特定投资者、团队、团体、组织或其他相关实体赚取、购买或预留的代币或股权分配。** Alpha ----- **The first look at a product released by a team, consisting of the very first version of a primitive, basic software or product.** **Αlpha** **第一眼看到一个团队发布的产品，包括一个原始的、基本的软件或产品的第一个版本。** Altcoin ------- **A cryptocurrency that is alternative to Bitcoin. Used to describe cryptocurrencies that are not Bitcoin.** **山寨币** **用于描述不是比特币的加密货币。** Angel Investor -------------- **Wealthy investors that seek out opportunities to provide funding for entrepreneurs or start-up companies.** **天使投资人** **寻找机会为企业家或初创公司提供资金的富有投资者。** Anti Money Laundering (AML) --------------------------- **A framework consisting of legal and regulatory procedures to minimize and curb the flow of funds that are generated from illegal or dubious activities.** **反洗钱 (AML)** **一个由法律和监管程序组成的框架，以尽量减少和遏制非法或可疑活动产生的资金流动。** Application Programming Interface (API) --------------------------------------- **A collection of functions and procedures that allow users to interact/communicate with the data of an application or service, such as an exchange, to execute the features of the service programmatically.** **应用程序编程接口 (API)** **功能和过程的集合，允许用户与应用程序或服务（例如交换）的数据交互/通信，以编程方式执行服务的功能。** Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) ---------------------------------------------- **An Integrated Circuit customized for maximum performance in a particular use, rather than general-purpose use.** **专用集成电路 (ASIC)** **为在特定用途而非通用用途中实现最佳性能而定制的集成电路。** Arbitrage --------- **Buying and selling of assets over different markets in order to take advantage of differing prices on the same asset.** **套利** **在不同市场买卖资产，以利用同一资产的不同价格获利。** ASIC-resistant -------------- **An ASIC-resistant cryptocurrency has its protocol and mining algorithm configured in such a way that using ASIC machines to mine the coin is either impossible or brings no significant benefit when compared to traditional GPU mining.** **抗ASIC** **抗 ASIC 加密货币的协议和挖掘算法的配置方式使得使用 ASIC 机器挖掘硬币要么不可能，要么与传统 GPU 挖掘相比没有带来显着好处。** Ask Price --------- **The lowest price a seller is willing to accept on their sell order when trading an asset on an exchange.** **要价** **卖方在交易所交易资产时愿意接受的最低价格。** Asset Management ---------------- **A system or method that helps individuals or companies manage assets. Either on behalf of their clients or their own.** **资产管理** **帮助个人或公司管理资产的系统或方法。要么代表他们的客户，要么代表他们自己。** Asynchronous ------------ **Events in electronic systems that do not happen at the same time or speed, or happen independent of the main program flow.** **异步** **电子系统中的事件不会同时或以不同速度发生，或者独立于主程序流程发生。Atomic Swap** **Smart contract technology that enables the exchange of one cryptocurrency for another without using centralized intermediaries, such as exchanges.** **原子交换** **智能合约技术，无需使用中心化中介机构（例如交易所）即可将一种加密货币兑换成另一种加密货币。** Attack surface -------------- **Points in a software environment where an attacker can attempt to enter or extract data from the system.** **攻击面** **软件环境中攻击者可以尝试进入系统或从系统中提取数据的点。** Auction ------- **A live event where assets or services are negotiated through a bidding process, which is often led by an auctioneer.** **拍卖** **通过投标过程协商资产或服务的现场活动，通常由拍卖师领导。** **B** Bags ---- **The portfolio of coins and tokens one is holding. Often related to a poorly performing bag of assets that investors insist to hold.** **包** **一个持有的币和代币的投资组合。通常指投资者坚持持有的一袋表现不佳的资产。** Beacon Chain ------------ **The Beacon Chain is Ethereum’s proof-of-stake (PoS) layer where consensus is reached. It controls and coordinates the network of Ethereum stakers who help validate and secure the network in exchange for staking rewards.** **信标链** **信标链是以太坊的权益证明 (PoS) 层，在此达成共识。它控制和协调以太坊质押者网络，这些质押者帮助验证和保护网络以换取质押奖励。** Bear Market ----------- **A negative trend in prices of a market. It is widely used not only in the cryptocurrency space but also in the traditional markets.** **熊市** **市场价格的负面趋势。它不仅在加密货币领域而且在传统市场中得到广泛使用。Benchmark** **A measurement standard which can be used to gauge the performance of a particular asset or investment portfolio.** **基准** **一种衡量标准，可用于衡量特定资产或投资组合的表现。** **BEP-2** **A technical standard that defines a set of rules for the issuance and management of tokens in the BNB Beacon Chain ecosystem.** **BEP-2** **一种技术标准，定义了 BNB Beacon Chain 生态中代币发行和管理的一套规则。** BEP-20 ------ **BEP-20 is a token standard on Binance Smart Chain that extends ERC-20, the most common Ethereum token standard. You can think of it as a blueprint for tokens that defines how they can be spent, who can spend them, and other rules for their usage. Due to its similarity to Binance Chain’s BEP-2 and Ethereum’s ERC-20, it’s compatible with both.** **BEP-20** **BEP-20 是币安智能链上的一种代币标准，它扩展了最常见的以太坊代币标准 ERC-20。您可以将其视为代币的蓝图，其中定义了代币的使用方式、谁可以使用代币以及其他使用规则。由于它与币安链的 BEP-2 和以太坊的 ERC-20 相似，因此与两者兼容。** BEP-721 ------- **A technical standard that defines a set of rules for the issuance of NFTs in the Binance Smart Chain ecosystem.** **BEP-721** **一种技术标准，定义了一套在币安智能链生态系统中发行 NFT 的规则。** BEP-95 ------ **BEP-95 is a Binance Evolution Proposal that introduces a real-time burning mechanism to Binance Smart Chain.** **BEP-95** **BEP-95 是币安进化提案，为币安智能链引入了实时销毁机制。** Beta (Coefficient) ------------------ **A tool used to measure the volatility of an asset in comparison to the volatility of a specific portfolio or market index.** **Beta（系数）** **一种工具，用于衡量资产的波动性与特定投资组合或市场指数的波动性的比较。** Beta (Release) -------------- **An early version of a program for users to test and for a team to get feedback. Beta stage comes after the Alpha stage.** **测试版（发布）** **供用户测试和团队获得反馈的程序的早期版本。 Beta 阶段在 Alpha 阶段之后。** Bid Price --------- **In the context of financial markets, it is the value buyers offer for an asset, such as a commodity, security, or cryptocurrency.** **竞标价格** **在金融市场的背景下，它是买家为商品、证券或加密货币等资产提供的价值。** Bid-Ask Spread -------------- **The difference in price between the lowest asking price and highest bid price on the order book for an asset** **买卖价差** **资产订单簿上最低要价和最高出价之间的价格差** Bitcoin ------- **A cryptocurrency created by the pseudonymous developer(s) Satoshi Nakamoto. The first cryptocurrency, initially described as a 'Peer-to-Peer e-cash'.** **比特币** **由匿名开发者中本聪创建的一种加密货币。第一种加密货币，最初被描述为“点对点电子现金”。** Black Swan Event ---------------- **An event that is often entirely unexpected and deviates from the expected result causing widespread ramifications.** **黑天鹅事件** **一个事件往往完全出乎意料并且偏离预期的结果导致广泛的后果。** Block ----- **A computer file that stores transaction data. These can then be arranged in a linear sequence, which will form a blockchain.** **区块** **存储交易数据的计算机文件。然后可以将它们排列成线性序列，这将形成一个区块链。** Block Explorer -------------- **An online Blockchain webpage which allows users to browse information about blocks, transactions, balances, and transaction histories.** **区块浏览器** **一个在线区块链网页，允许用户浏览有关区块、交易、余额和交易历史的信息。** Block header ------------ **A section in a block containing metadata and a summary of the block's transactions. This is the information hashed when mining.** **块头** **块中包含元数据和块交易摘要的部分。这是挖矿时散列的信息。** Block Height ------------ **The number of blocks in the chain between itself and the first block on that blockchain (genesis block or block 0).** **区块高度** **链中自身与该区块链上的第一个块（创世块或块 0）之间的块数。** Block Reward ------------ **The sum of coins awarded by the blockchain protocol to cryptocurrency miners for each successfully mined and validated block.** **区块奖励** **对于每个成功开采和验证的区块，区块链协议授予加密货币矿工的硬币总和。** Blockchain ---------- **A decentralized, digitized ledger that records transaction information about a cryptocurrency in a chronological order.** **区块链** **一个分散的、数字化的账本，按时间顺序记录有关加密货币的交易信息。** Bounty ------ **A reward posted by a group or individual to incentivize certain work, behavior (such as referrals), or development.** **赏金** **由团体或个人发布的奖励，用于激励某些工作、行为（例如推荐）或发展。** Break-Even Point (BEP) ---------------------- **The point where the total costs of an operation is equivalent to its current value or revenue.** **盈亏平衡点 (BEP)** **运营总成本等于其当前价值或收入的点。** Breakeven Multiple ------------------ **The multiple of the current price by which an asset needs to appreciate in order to reach its previous all-time high.** **盈亏平衡倍数** **资产需要升值以达到其先前的历史最高价的当前价格的倍数。** Breakout -------- **When the price of an asset moves outside of a defined range or pattern, typically by breaking out of a support or resistance area.** **爆发** **当资产价格超出定义的范围或模式时，通常是突破支撑或阻力区域。** BUIDL ----- **Originally derived from HODL, a term referring to keeping your heads down and focusing on building your product.** **BUIDL** **最初源自 HODL，该术语指的是保持低调并专注于构建您的产品。** Bull Market ----------- **A positive trend in prices of a market. It is widely used not only in the cryptocurrency space but also in the traditional markets.** **牛市** **市场价格的积极趋势。它不仅在加密货币领域而且在传统市场中得到广泛使用。** Buy Wall -------- **A single huge buy order or the composition of multiple large buy orders at the same price in the order book of a particular market.** **买墙** **特定市场订单簿中同一价格的单个大额买单或多个大额买单的组合。** **C** Candidate Block --------------- **A temporary block created by a mining node (miner) to add to the blockchain to receive the block rewards.** **候选块** **由挖矿节点（矿工）创建的临时区块，添加到区块链中以接收区块奖励。** Candlestick ----------- **A graph representation of price action that displays the open, close, high, and low points within a certain period.** **烛台** **价格行为的图形表示，显示特定时期内的开盘价、收盘价、高点和低点。** Capitulation ------------ **A period of strong selling activity, where investors give up their positions and sell their holdings as quickly as possible.** **投降** **一段强劲的抛售活动期间，投资者放弃头寸并尽快抛售所持股份。** Censorship-resistance --------------------- **The property of a cryptocurrency network that prevents any entity from altering transactions on it.** **抗审查** **加密货币网络的属性，可防止任何实体更改其上的交易。** Central Bank ------------ **A financial institution that acts as a monetary authority and manages a states currency, interest rates, and money supply.** **中央银行** **作为货币当局并管理国家货币、利率和货币供应的金融机构。** Central Processing Unit (CPU) ----------------------------- **The part of a computer responsible for interpreting instructions of computer programs and executing operations.** **中央处理器 (CPU)** **计算机中负责解释计算机程序指令和执行操作的部分。** Centralized ----------- **When the planning and decision-making mechanisms are concentrated in a particular point within a system.** **中心化** **当计划和决策机制集中在系统内的特定点时。** Cipher ------ **A method for encrypting and decrypting messages. These can be divided into symmetric or asymmetric, according to their key model.** **密码** **一种加密和解密消息的方法。根据它们的密钥模型，这些可以分为对称或非对称。** Circulating Supply ------------------ **The best approximate number of cryptocurrency coins or tokens that are publicly available and circulating in the market.** **流通供应** **可公开获得并在市场上流通的加密货币硬币或代币的最佳近似数量。** Cloud ----- **In computer science, a shared pool of resources, which are made available to multiple users through the Internet.** **云** **在计算机科学中，共享资源池，可通过 Internet 供多个用户使用。** Coin ---- **A cryptocurrency or digital cash that is independent of any other platform, which is used as an exchange of value.** **币** **独立于任何其他平台的加密货币或数字现金，用作价值交换。** Collateral ---------- **Pledging something of value against a loan to guarantee that the person taking the loan will complete repayment.** **抵押品** **以有价物抵押贷款，以保证接受贷款的人将完成还款。** Colocation ---------- **A dedicated space in a data center belonging to stock exchanges which is shared with other entities such as high-frequency traders.** **托管** **属于证券交易所的数据中心中的专用空间，与高频交易员等其他实体共享。Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)** **US-based agency responsible for regulating the derivatives markets, which includes options, swaps, and futures contracts.** **商品期货交易委员会 (CFTC)** **负责监管衍生品市场的美国机构，其中包括期权、掉期和期货合约。** Confirmation Time ----------------- **The time elapsed when a transaction is submitted to the network and the time it is recorded into a confirmed block.** **确认时间** **交易提交到网络时经过的时间以及它被记录到确认块中的时间。** Confluence ---------- **When multiple investment methods, technical indicators, or trading signals are combined to form a more reliable strategy.** **合流** **当多种投资方式、技术指标或交易信号结合起来形成更可靠的策略时。** Consumer Price Index (CPI) -------------------------- **A Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure used to track the effects of inflation over a period of time.** **消费物价指数 (CPI)** **消费者物价指数 (CPI) 是一种用于追踪通货膨胀在一段时间内的影响的指标。** Credentials ----------- **Personal information. Examples include username, password, email address, qualifications and many more.** **证书** **个人信息。示例包括用户名、密码、电子邮件地址、资格等等。** Crypto Winter ------------- **The term crypto winter refers to an extended period of declining or stagnant prices and negative sentiment in the cryptocurrency market.** **加密冬天** **术语“加密冬天”指的是加密货币市场价格长期下跌或停滞以及负面情绪。** Cryptocurrency -------------- **A digital currency that is secured by cryptography to work as a medium of exchange within a peer-to-peer (P2P) economic system.** **加密货币** **一种由密码学保护的数字货币，可作为点对点 (P2P) 经济系统中的交换媒介。** Cryptography ------------ **The science of using mathematical theories and computation in order to encrypt and decrypt information.** **密码学** **使用数学理论和计算来加密和解密信息的科学。** Custody ------- **Refers to the holding of assets on behalf of a client. Can also refer to the ownership of one's funds or assets.** **保管** **指代客户持有资产。也可以指一个人的资金或资产的所有权。** **D** **Daemon** **A process operating in the background waiting for a specific event or condition in order to be activated.** **守护进程** **在后台等待特定事件或条件以便被激活的进程。** **Dead Cat Bounce** **A brief recovery in the price of a declining asset that is shortly followed by a continuation of the downtrend.** **死猫弹跳** **下跌资产的价格短暂回升，随后下跌趋势继续。** Decentralized Application (DApp) -------------------------------- **Applications that run on a P2P network of computers rather than one central computer. This allows the software to run on the internet without being controlled by a single entity.** **去中心化应用程序（DApp）** **在 P2P 计算机网络而不是一台中央计算机上运行的应用程序。这允许软件在互联网上运行而不受单个实体的控制。** Decentralized Autonomous Cooperative (DAC) ------------------------------------------ **An organization that is controlled by shareholders rather than a central authority.** **去中心化自治合作社 (DAC)** **由股东而非中央机构控制的组织。** Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) ------------------------------------------- **A system of hard-coded rules that define which actions a decentralized organization will take.** **去中心化自治组织 (DAO)** **一种硬编码规则系统，用于决定去中心化组织将采取的行动。** Decentralized Exchange (DEX) ---------------------------- **An exchange which does not require users to deposit funds to start trading and does not hold the funds for the user. Instead, users trade directly from their own wallets.** **去中心化交易所 (DEX)** **不需要用户存入资金即可开始交易且不为用户持有资金的交易所。相反，用户直接从自己的钱包进行交易。** Decentralized Finance (DeFi) ---------------------------- **The ecosystem comprised of decentralized financial applications developed on top of blockchain networks.** **去中心化金融（DeFi）** **该生态系统由在区块链网络之上开发的去中心化金融应用程序组成。** Decryption ---------- **The act of reverting an encryption process so that unreadable data (ciphertext) can be converted into readable data (plaintext).** **解密** **恢复加密过程以便将不可读数据（密文）转换为可读数据（明文）的行为。** Deep Web -------- **The part of the web that is somehow hidden, i.e., not indexed by Google and other traditional web search engines.** **深网** **以某种方式隐藏的网络部分，即未被 Google 和其他传统网络搜索引擎索引的部分。** Delisting --------- **The removal of an asset from an exchange either as a request from the project team or as a decision made by the exchange.** **退市** **作为项目团队的请求或交易所的决定，从交易所移除资产。** Design Flaw Attack ------------------ **An attack in which a malicious user purposely creates a smart-contract, decentralized market, or other software with knowledge of certain flaws in order to trick individuals interacting within the permissionless environment.** **设计缺陷攻击** **一种攻击，恶意用户故意创建智能合约、去中心化市场或其他知道某些缺陷的软件，以欺骗在无许可环境中交互的个人。** **Diamond Hands** **Diamond hands refers to holding a financial asset and not selling it, regardless of its volatility.** **钻石手** **钻石手是指持有金融资产而不出售，无论其波动性如何。** Difficulty Bomb --------------- **The term 'difficulty bomb' denotes the increase in mining difficulty in Ethereum, as part of its migration to Proof of Stake.** **难度炸弹** **“难度炸弹”一词表示以太坊挖矿难度的增加，这是其向权益证明迁移的一部分。** Divergence ---------- **When the market price of an asset and a technical indicator (e.g. RSI, Volume, MACD) are heading in opposite directions.** **背离** **当资产的市场价格和技术指标（例如 RSI、成交量、MACD）走向相反的方向时。** Diversification --------------- The allocation of funds across different types of assets and jurisdictions in order to reduce the overall risks. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **多样化** **在不同类型的资产和司法管辖区之间分配资金，以降低整体风险。** Do Your Own Research (DYOR) --------------------------- **A valuable piece of advice. It's always wise to research a coin or token yourself instead of following what others say.** **做你自己的研究（DYOR）** **一个有价值的建议。自己研究硬币或代币总是明智的，而不是听从别人的说法。** Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA) --------------------------- **Investing fixed dollar amounts over regular periods of time regardless of the price of the asset.** **美元成本平均法 (DCA)** **无论资产价格如何，定期投资固定金额的美元。** Double Spending --------------- **When a given amount of coins are spent more than once. Usually as a result of a race attack or a 51% attack.** **双花** **当给定数量的硬币被多次花费时。通常是种族攻击或 51% 攻击的结果。** **E** Eclipse Attack -------------- **When the majority of peers on the network are malicious and monopolize the network in order to prevent specific nodes from receiving information from honest nodes.** **蚀攻击** **当网络上的大多数节点都是恶意的并垄断网络以阻止特定节点从诚实节点接收信息时。** Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) --------------------------------- **An economic theory stating financial markets reflect all available information on the price of assets at any time.** **有效市场假说 (EMH)** **一种经济理论，指出金融市场随时反映有关资产价格的所有可用信息。** Encryption ---------- **Conversion of information or data into a secure code in order to prevent unauthorised access to the information or data.** **加密** **将信息或数据转换为安全代码，以防止未经授权访问信息或数据。** Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA) ---------------------------------- **The industry’s first global standards organization to deliver an open, standards-based architecture and specification to accelerate the adoption of Enterprise Ethereum.** **企业以太坊联盟 (EEA)** **业界第一个提供开放的、基于标准的架构和规范，以加速企业采用以太坊全球标准的组织。** ERC-20 ------ **A technical standard used to issue and implement tokens on the Ethereum blockchain proposed in November 2015 by Fabian Vogelsteller.** **ERC-20** **Fabian Vogelsteller 于 2015 年 11 月提出的用于在以太坊区块链上发行和实施代币的技术标准。** **ERC-721** **An Ethereum based non-fungible token. This means that each token is unique and as a result, not interchangeable. NFT.  @Isabella111215** **ERC-721** **基于以太坊的不可替代令牌。这意味着每个令牌都是唯一的，因此不可互换。即NFT。** Exchange -------- **A marketplace for cryptocurrencies where users can buy and sell coins.** **交易所** **一个加密货币市场，用户可以在其中买卖币。** **F** Fakeout ------- **A situation where a trader enters a position betting on a price movement that quickly reverses or ultimately doesn’t happen.** **fakeout** **交易者入场押注价格走势，但该走势迅速逆转或最终不会发生的情况。** Falling Knife ------------- **Refers to the action of purchasing an asset while it is rapidly declining in price under the expectation that it will bounce.** **飞刀** **指的是在资产价格快速下跌的情况下，在预期其会反弹的情况下购买资产的行为。** Fear Of Missing Out (FOMO) -------------------------- **The feeling of fear and anxiety that you might be missing out on a potentially profitable opportunity.** **害怕错过（FOMO）** **害怕和焦虑的感觉，你可能会错过一个潜在的有利可图的机会。** Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt (FUD) --------------------------------- **A marketing strategy used to spread fear and insecurity among customers, traders, or investors.** **恐惧、不确定性和怀疑 (FUD)** **一种营销策略，用于在客户、交易员或投资者之间传播恐惧和不安全感。** Fiat ---- **Money that a government has declared to be legal tender.** **法币** **政府宣布为法定货币的货币。** Fill Or Kill Order (FOK) ------------------------ **A buy or sell order which must be executed immediately in its entirety or else it will be cancelled.** **完成或取消订单（FOK）** **必须立即全部执行的买入或卖出订单，否则将被取消。** Finality -------- **The assurance or guarantee that completed (cryptocurrency) transactions cannot be altered, reversed or canceled.** **终局性** **不能更改、撤销或取消已完成（加密货币）交易的保证或担保。** First-Mover Advantage (FMA) --------------------------- **The competitive advantage of the first project to bring a service or product into a new and unexplored market or industry.** **先发优势（FMA）** **将服务或产品带入新的和未开发的市场或行业的第一个项目的竞争优势。** Fiscal Policy ------------- **Describes how authorities adjusts the tax rates of a country, influencing how public funds should be collected and used.** **财政政策** **描述当局如何调整一个国家的税率，影响公共资金的收集和使用方式。** Flippening ---------- **The name to describe the moment when/if Ethereum (ETH) surpasses Bitcoin (BTC) in terms of market capitalization** **描述以太坊 (ETH) 在市值方面超过比特币 (BTC) 的时刻的名称** Forced Liquidation ------------------ **When a trader's leveraged position is forcibly closed as a result of it not fulfilling the necessary margin requirements.** **强制平仓** **当交易者的杠杆头寸由于未满足必要的保证金要求而被强制平仓时。** Forex (FX) ---------- **Forex stands for Foreign Exchange Markets. It's a global market for the trading of fiat currencies.** **外汇 (FX)** **Forex 代表外汇市场。它是法定货币交易的全球市场。** Formal Verification ------------------- **Using mathematically rigorous proofs to ensure certain properties of cryptographic algorithms and blockchain mechanisms** **形式验证** **使用数学上严格的证明来确保密码算法和区块链机制的某些属性** Full Node --------- **A computer that fully implements the entirety of rules of an underlying blockchain network and completely validates transactions and blocks on a blockchain.** **全节点** **完全执行底层区块链网络的全部规则并完全验证区块链上的交易和区块的计算机。** Fundamental Analysis (FA) ------------------------- **Evaluating an asset based on its underlying characteristics and traits as an effort towards arriving at an intrinsic value of the asset.** **基本面分析 (FA)** **根据资产的基本特征和特性评估资产，以估算资产的内在价值。** Fungibility ----------- **The property of an asset whose individual units are indistinguishable from each other in terms of value and functionality.** **可替代性** **资产的属性，其各个单元在价值和功能方面彼此无法区分。** Futures Contract ---------------- **A standardized version of forward contracts that are used as a legal agreement to buy or sell an asset in the future at an agreed upon price and date.** **期货合约** **远期合约的标准化版本，用作在未来以商定的价格和日期买卖资产的法律协议。** **G** Gas --- **The pricing mechanism employed on the Ethereum blockchain to calculate the costs of smart contracts operations and transaction fees.** **Gas费用** **以太坊区块链采用的定价机制，用于计算智能合约运营成本和交易费用。** Gas Limit --------- **The maximum price a cryptocurrency user is willing to pay as a fee when sending a transaction, or performing a smart contract function.** **Gas费用限制** **加密货币用户在发送交易或执行智能合约功能时愿意支付的最高费用。** General Public License ---------------------- **License allowing users to copy and modify software, but requires the works to be distributed under the same license.** **通用公共许可证** **允许用户复制和修改软件的许可证，但要求作品在同一许可证下分发。** Genesis Block ------------- **The first ever block recorded on its respective blockchain network, also referred to as Block 0 or Block 1.** **创世块** **记录在其各自区块链网络上的第一个区块，也称为区块 0 或区块 1。** GitHub ------ **A site/system/folder/repository where a team can share, collaborate, and save their open source or propietary code.** **GitHub** **一个站点/系统/文件夹/存储库，团队可以在其中共享、协作和保存他们的开源或专有代码。** Golden Cross ------------ **A bullish chart pattern where a shorter-term moving average crosses above a longer-term moving average.** **金十字** **一种看涨图表模式，其中较短期移动平均线穿越较长期移动平均线。** Gossip Protocol --------------- **A particular method of asynchronous peer-to-peer communication between computer nodes of a distributed system.** **八卦协议** **分布式系统的计算机节点之间，异步对等通信的一种特殊方法。** Gwei ---- **A small denomination of Ether. It is widely used as a measure of gas prices. 1,000,000,000 wei = 1 Giga wei (Gwei)** **Gwei** **小面额的以太币。它被广泛用作衡量Gas价格的指标。 1,000,000,000 wei = 1 Giga wei (Gwei)** **H** Hacker ------ **An individual that has an advanced understanding of computer systems and networks, including programmers and cybersecurity experts.** **黑客** **对计算机系统和网络有深入了解的个人，包括程序员和网络安全专家。** Haha Money Printer Go Brrrrr ---------------------------- **Haha Money Printer Go Brrrrr is meme created in response to the Federal Reserve's 2020 plan to print money.** **Haha Money Printer Go Brrrrr 是响应美联储 2020 年印钞计划而创建的模因。** Halving ------- **When the block reward of a crypto asset, such as bitcoin, drops to one-half of what it was before; this is used to create a decaying rate of issuance to arrive at an eventual finite supply of a crypto asset.** **减半** **当比特币等加密资产的区块奖励下降到之前的一半时；这用于创建递减的发行率以达到最终有限供应的加密资产。** Hard Cap -------- **The maximum amount of funds a project intends to raise during their Initial Coin Offering (ICO) or alternative fundraising event.** **硬顶** **项目打算在其首次代币发行 (ICO) 或替代筹款活动期间筹集的最大资金数额。** Hash ---- **The output produced by a hash function after a piece of data is mapped. May also be referred to as hash value, hash code, or digest.** **哈希值** **映射一段数据后哈希函数产生的输出。也可以称为散列值、散列码或摘要。** Hash Rate --------- **The speed at which a computer or mining hardware is able to calculate new hashes. Usually measured in hashes per second.** **哈希率** **计算机或采矿硬件能够计算新哈希值的速度。通常以每秒哈希值来衡量。** Hashed TimeLock Contract (HTLC) ------------------------------- Refers to a special feature that is used to create smart contracts that are able to modify payment channels. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ **哈希时间锁合约 (HTLC)** **指一种特殊功能，用于创建能够修改支付渠道的智能合约。** High-Frequency Trading (HFT) ---------------------------- **A type of algorithmic trading that involves the execution of a large number of orders in fractions of a second.** **高频交易 (HFT)** **一种算法交易，涉及在几分之一秒内执行大量订单。** HODL ---- **A typo of 'Hold' originating from bitcointalk that has also been retrofitted to be an acronym for Hold on for Dear Life - to maintain ownership of coins and not sell.** **持仓** **源自 bitcointalk 的“Hold”拼写错误也被改写为 Hold on for Dear Life 的首字母缩写词 - 长期持币而不出售。** Honeypot -------- **A mechanism used in computer security used to detect or counteract unauthorized access of information systems.** **蜜罐** **计算机安全中使用的一种机制，用于检测或抵制对信息系统的未授权访问。** **I** Iceberg Order ------------- **A conditional order to buy or sell a large amount of assets in smaller predetermined quantities in order to conceal the total order quantity.** **冰山订单** **以较小的预定数量购买或出售大量资产以隐藏总订单数量的条件订单。** Immutability ------------ **The inability to change or be changed. One of the core features behind Bitcoin and blockchain technology.** **不变性** **无法改变或被改变。比特币和区块链技术背后的核心特征之一。** Index ----- **A financial instrument used to track the price value of a given asset or basket of assets** **指数** **用于追踪给定资产或一揽子资产价格价值的金融工具** Initial Coin Offering (ICO) --------------------------- A fundraising method in which new projects will sell their cryptocurrency to investors. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **首次代币发行（ICO）** **一种筹款方式，新项目将其加密货币出售给投资者。** Initial Exchange Offering (IEO) ------------------------------- **A fundraising method designed to reduce the risk for token purchasers by introducing a trusted intermediary between the project team and the user.** **首次交易所发行（IEO）** **一种筹款方法，旨在通过在项目团队和用户之间引入可信赖的中介来降低代币购买者的风险。** Initial Public Offering (IPO) ----------------------------- **Refers to the moment a private company starts offering its shares to the public for the first time.** **首次公开募股 (IPO)** **指私人公司首次开始向公众发售股票的时刻。** Integrated Circuit (IC) ----------------------- **A small chip, typically made of silicon, that holds a set of electronic parts such as transistors, resistors or capacitors.** **集成电路 (IC)** **一种小芯片，通常由硅制成，装有一组电子零件，例如晶体管、电阻器或电容器。** Interoperability ---------------- **A concept of allowing blockchains to be compatible with each other and build upon each other's features and use-cases.** **互操作性** **允许区块链相互兼容并基于彼此的功能和用例构建的概念。** InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) --------------------------------- **An open-source project building a protocol for distributed content storage and access.** **分布式储存系统 (IPFS)** **一个构建分布式内容存储和访问协议的开源项目。** IOU --- **An acronym which stands for “I owe you” and refers to an informal document that acknowledges a debt one party owes to another.** **欠条** **一个首字母缩写词，代表“我欠你”，指的是一份承认一方欠另一方债务的非正式文件。** Isolated Margin --------------- **The margin balance allocated to a position. Traders can manage risk by restricting the amount allocated to each position.** **逐仓保证金** **分配给头寸的保证金余额。交易者可以通过限制分配给每个头寸的金额来管理风险。** Issuance -------- **Generation of a new cryptocurrency which occurs in a variety of different ways, depending on parameters specified by the creators.** **发行** **根据创建者指定的参数，以各种不同的方式生成新的加密货币。** **K** Know Your Customer (KYC) ------------------------ **A standard procedure in the finance industry which allows companies to identify their customers and comply with KYC AML laws** **了解你的客户 (KYC)** **金融行业的标准程序，允许公司识别其客户并遵守 KYC AML 法律** **L** Latency ------- **The time between submitting a transaction to a network and the first confirmation of acceptance by the network.** **延迟** **从向网络提交交易到网络首次确认接受之间的时间。** Law of Demand ------------- **The law of demand relates to the willingness of consumers to buy a specific amount of goods or services for a particular price.** **需求法则** **需求定律与消费者以特定价格购买特定数量的商品或服务的意愿有关。** Layer 2 ------- **A secondary framework or protocol that is built on top of an existing blockchain system to provide increased scalability.**  **2 层** **建立在现有区块链系统之上以提供更高可扩展性的辅助框架或协议。** Ledger ------ **A physical book or a digital computer file where monetary and financial transactions are tracked and recorded.** **账本** **跟踪和记录货币和金融交易的实体书或数字计算机文件。** Library ------- **A collection of stable resources, which may include executable files, documentation, message templates, and written code.** **图书馆** **稳定资源的集合，其中可能包括可执行文件、文档、消息模板和书面代码。** Lightning Network ----------------- **A second layer operating on top of a blockchain, enabling increased transaction speed among participating nodes. This is one proposed scaling solution.** **闪电网络** **在区块链之上运行的第二层，可以提高参与节点之间的交易速度。这是一个可扩展性问题的解决方案。** Linux ----- **A popular open-source operating system, created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds. It is used in a wide range of devices around the world.** **Linux** **一种流行的开源操作系统，由 Linus Torvalds 在 1991 年创建。它被广泛用于世界各地的设备中。** Liquidity --------- **The ability to sell or buy any given asset without causing significant fluctuations in the market price for that asset.** **流动性** **出售或购买任何给定资产而不会导致该资产的市场价格出现重大波动的能力。** Listing ------- **The addition of an asset to an exchange either as a request from the project team or as a decision made by the exchange.** **上所** **作为项目团队的请求或作为交易所的决定，将资产添加到交易所。** **M** Mainnet ------- **A blockchain protocol which is fully developed and deployed where transactions are being broadcasted, verified, and recorded.** **主网** **一种经过全面开发和部署的区块链协议，可以在其中广播、验证和记录交易。** Mainnet Swap ------------ **When a coin migrates from a third party platform such as Ethereum or other token to a native on-chain token on their mainnet.** **主网交换** **当币从第三方平台（如以太坊或其他token）迁移到其主网上的本地链上token时。** Maker ----- **You become a “maker” when you place an order and it does not trade immediately, so your order stays in the order book and waits for someone else to fill/match with it later.** **出价者** **当您下订单并且它不会立即交易时，您就成为了“出价者”，因此您的订单保留在订单簿中，等待其他人稍后填写/匹配。** Malware ------- **Any software program or code that is created to infiltrate and intentionally cause damage to computer systems and networks.** **恶意软件** **为渗透并故意对计算机系统和网络造成损害而创建的任何软件程序或代码。** Margin Trading -------------- **Trading using borrowed funds - note: this is a high risk strategy and should only be done by experienced investors.** **保证金交易** **使用借入资金进行交易 - 注意：这是一种高风险策略，只能由经验丰富的投资者进行。** Market Capitalization --------------------- **The total trading value of a given coin - calculated by the product of the supply of the coin by the current price.** **市值** **给定币的总交易价值 - 由币供应量乘以当前价格计算得出。** Market Momentum --------------- **The ability of a certain market to maintain a continuous increase or decrease in price within a particular timeframe.** **市场动力** **特定市场在特定时间范围内保持价格持续上涨或下跌的能力。** Market Order ------------ **When a taker picks the best available bid or ask for a cryptocurrency, taking the price and quantity available on the order book.** **市价单** **当购买者选择最佳可用出价求购加密货币时，采用订单簿上可用的价格和数量。** Masternode ---------- **Nodes on a network that often require a minimum amount of a given coin staked in order to access staking rewards.** **主节点** **网络上的节点通常需要最低数量的给定币才能获得质押奖励。** Maximum Supply -------------- Refers to the maximum number of coins or tokens that will be ever created for a given cryptocurrency. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **最大供应** **指的是为给定的加密货币创建的币或代币的最大数量。** Mempool ------- **A node’s mechanism for keeping track of unconfirmed transactions that the node has seen (but have not yet been added to a block).** **内存池** **节点用于跟踪节点已经看到（但尚未添加到块中）的未确认交易的机制。** Merged Mining ------------- **The act of mining two or more cryptocurrencies at the same time, without sacrificing overall mining performance** **联合挖矿** **在不牺牲整体挖掘性能的情况下同时挖掘两种或多种加密货币的行为** Merkle Tree ----------- **A way of organizing and structuring large amounts of data to make it more straightforward to process. A hash-based data structure.** **默克尔树** **一种组织和构建大量数据以使其更易于处理的方法。基于散列的数据结构。** Metadata -------- **Data that includes information about other data, such as information about features of a specific transaction.** **元数据** **包含有关其他数据的信息的数据，例如有关特定交易特征的信息。** Mining ------ **The verification of transactions on a blockchain network, in which transactions are added as entries into the blockchain ledger.** **挖矿** **区块链网络上交易的验证，其中交易作为条目添加到区块链分类账中。** Mining Farm ----------- **A collection of many miners, often in a warehouse or large data center devoted to mining cryptocurrencies** **矿场** **许多矿工的集合，通常在专门用于挖掘加密货币的仓库或大型数据中心** Monetary Policy --------------- **Refers to the policies that authorities create and adopt to control the money supply and interest rates of a country.** **货币政策** **指当局为控制一个国家的货币供应量和利率而制定和采用的政策。** Moon ---- **A colloquial expression used to describe a cryptocurrency or other asset that is experiencing a strong upward market trend.** **月亮** **一种口语表达，用于描述正在经历强劲上升市场趋势的加密货币或其他资产。** Multisignature -------------- **Wallet which requires another party to authorize a transaction before it is broadcasted to the network.** **多重签名** **需要另一方授权交易才能广播到网络的钱包。** **N** Node ---- **A participant on a blockchain network that communicates with other participants to ensure the security and integrity of the system.** **节点** **区块链网络上的参与者，与其他参与者进行通信以确保系统的安全性和完整性。** Non-fungible Token (NFT) ------------------------ **A type of cryptographic token that represents a unique digital or real-world asset and isn't interchangeable.** **不可替代代币 (NFT)** **一种代表独特数字或现实世界资产且不可互换的加密令牌。** Nonce ----- **A single-use arbitrary string or number generated for verification purposes to prevent replaying past transactions.** **随机数** **为验证目的而生成的一次性任意字符串或数字，以防止重放过去的交易。** **O** Off-chain --------- **Transactions that occur off a given blockchain network, that may be later reported or batched together before submitted to the main chain.** **链下** **在给定区块链网络之外发生的交易，可能会在提交到主链之前一起报告或批处理。** Offshore account ---------------- **An account that is registered in a jurisdiction that is different to the jurisdiction of the holder's citizenship.** **离岸账户** **在与持有人国籍不同的司法管辖区注册的帐户。** One Cancels the Other Order (OCO) --------------------------------- **A pair of orders that are created concurrently, but it is only possible for one of them to execute.** **一个取消另一个订单 (OCO)** **一对并发创建的订单，但只能执行其中一个订单。** Open-Source Software (OSS) -------------------------- **Software released under a license that gives anyone the ability and right to use, update, and distribute it freely.** **开源软件 (OSS)** **根据许可发布的软件，该许可赋予任何人自由使用、更新和分发它的能力和权利。** Oracle ------ **A data source or feed from a third party used for determining outcomes for smart contracts** **预言机** **来自第三方的数据源或提要，用于确定智能合约的结果** Order Book ---------- **An electronic list of outstanding buy and sell orders for a specific asset on an exchange or marketplace.** **订单簿** **交易所或市场上特定资产的未完成买卖订单的电子清单。** Orphan Block ------------ **A block whose parent block is unknown, formed in older versions of Bitcoin Core, where ancestry data wasn't required.** **孤块** **父块未知的块，在旧版本的比特币核心中形成，不需要祖先数据。** **P** Paper Wallet ------------ **A piece of paper on which a cryptocurrency address and its corresponding private key are physically printed out.** **纸钱包** **一张纸，上面物理打印出加密货币地址及其对应的私钥。** Passive Management ------------------ **An investing strategy that doesn’t rely on active market exposure but rather tracks an existing economic index.** **被动管理** **一种不依赖于活跃市场敞口而是追踪现有经济指数的投资策略。** Peer-to-Peer (P2P) ------------------ **When two or more computers are connected and share workload or resources without relying on a centralized server.** **点对点 (P2P)** **当两台或多台计算机连接起来并在不依赖中央服务器的情况下共享工作负载或资源时。** Pegged Currency --------------- **A currency where the price is designed to remain the same as a designated asset. For example: 1 USDT is pegged to 1 USD. Also referred to as a stablecoin.** **挂钩货币** **价格旨在与指定资产保持相同的货币。例如：1 USDT 与 1 美元挂钩。也称为稳定币。** Phishing -------- **A malicious attack where a bad actor will attempt to obtain the credentials of a user in order to gain unauthorised access into their account.** **网络钓鱼** **一种恶意攻击，不良行为者会尝试获取用户的凭据以便未经授权访问其帐户。** Plasma ------ **An Ethereum off-chain scaling solution which may allow Etherum to greatly increase the transactions per second capablities.** **Plasma** **一种以太坊链下扩展解决方案，可以让以太坊大大提高每秒交易的能力。** Ponzi Scheme ------------ **A scam in which new investors' funds are used to pay returns promised to previous investors. Do not invest in these.** **庞氏骗局** **使用新投资者的资金来支付对先前投资者承诺的回报的骗局。不要投资这些。** Price Action ------------ **The price movements of a financial asset over time. Plotted on a chart, it can be used by traders to identify trade setups.** **价格行动** **金融资产随时间的价格变动。绘制在图表上，交易者可以使用它来识别交易设置。** Prisoner's Dilemma ------------------ **An example that shows why two individuals might not cooperate, even if it may appear to be in their best interest.** **囚徒困境** **一个例子说明为什么两个人可能不合作，即使这看起来符合他们的最大利益。** Private Key ----------- **In cryptocurrency, a private key is a lengthy number that allows users to sign transactions and to generate receiving addresses.** **私钥** **在加密货币中，私钥是一个很长的数字，允许用户签署交易并生成接收地址。** Private Sale ------------ **An early stage investment round for strategic investors with a considerable amount of investible funds.** **私募** **面向具有可投资资金规模的战略投资者的早期投资轮次。** Progressive Web application (PWA) --------------------------------- **An application that is created through the use of modern web technologies and follows basic web standards.** **渐进式 Web 应用程序 (PWA)** **通过使用现代网络技术创建并遵循基本网络标准的应用程序。** Proof of Attendance Protocol (POAP) ----------------------------------- **A protocol that creates digital badges or collectibles to celebrate and record the attendance of an event.** **出勤证明协议 (POAP)** **一种创建数字徽章或收藏品以庆祝和记录活动出席情况的协议。** Proof of Stake (PoS) -------------------- **A consensus mechanism that reward block validators according to the amount of coins they have at stake.** **股权证明（PoS）** **一种共识机制，根据他们所持有的代币数量奖励区块验证者。** Pseudorandom ------------ **The property of a definite function that can produce an outcome that passes statistical tests of randomness.** **伪随机** **确定函数的属性，可以产生通过随机性统计检验的结果。** **Q** Quantum Computing ----------------- **Quantum computing works using particles that can be in superposition. These particles represent qubits instead of bits and can take the value of 1, 0 or both simultaneously.** **量子计算** **量子计算使用可以叠加的粒子进行工作。这些粒子代表量子比特而不是比特，并且可以同时取值 1、0 或两者。** **R** Race attack ----------- **When two transactions are created with the same funds at the same time, with the intention of spending those funds twice.** **种族攻击/ 竞赛攻击** **当同时用相同的资金创建两个交易时，目的是将这些资金花费两次。** Ransomware ---------- **A type of malware which takes over your computer and threatens to destroy or reveal files unless a ransom is paid.** **勒索软件** **一种恶意软件，它会接管您的计算机并威胁要破坏或泄露文件，除非您支付赎金。** Rekt ---- **A slang term used to define someone or something that has been destroyed or experienced catastrophic failure and a synonym for liquidated** **Rekt** **用于定义某人或某物已被破坏或经历灾难性失败的俚语，是 liquidated 的同义词** Relative Strength Index (RSI) ----------------------------- **A technical indicator that measures market momentum & used to identify overbought and oversold conditions.** **相对强度指数 (RSI)** **衡量市场动能的技术指标，用于识别超买和超卖情况。** Resistance ---------- **A term in Technical Analysis (TA). When a price that is increasing finds resistance. Usually compared with previous highs.** **阻力** **技术分析 (TA) 中的一个术语。当上涨的价格遇到阻力时。通常与之前的高点相比。** Return on Investment (ROI) -------------------------- **A measure used in order to assess the efficiency of an investment. The ratio between net profit and net cost.** **投资回报率 (ROI)** **用于评估投资效率的措施。净利润与净成本之比。** Roadmap ------- **A business planning technique which lays out the short and long term goals of a company within a flexible estimated timeline.** **路线图** **一种业务规划技术，可在灵活的估计时间表内制定公司的短期和长期目标。** Routing Attack -------------- **An attack on the Internet Service Provider level to affect uptime or participation in a web-enabled system, such as a blockchain.** **路由攻击** **对 Internet 服务提供商级别的攻击，以影响正常运行时间或参与支持 Web 的系统，例如区块链。** Rug pull -------- **A rug pull in the crypto industry is when a development team suddenly abandons a project and sells or removes all its liquidity.** **跑路** **在加密行业，跑路指的是当一个开发团队突然放弃一个项目并出售或移除其所有流动性。** **S** Satoshi ------- **The smallest unit of a bitcoin, as defined by the Bitcoin protocol. It equals one-hundred-millionth of a bitcoin or 0.00000001 BTC.** **比特币协议定义的最小比特币单位。它等于一个比特币的亿分之一或 0.00000001 BTC。** Satoshi Nakamoto ---------------- **The pseudonym of the creator or creators of the bitcoin protocol and whitepaper.** **中本聪** **比特币协议和白皮书的创建者或创建者的笔名。** Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) ---------------------------------------- **An independent governmental agency responsible for regulating securities markets.** **证券交易委员会 (SEC)** **负责监管证券市场的独立政府机构。** Security Audit -------------- **A systematic analysis to evaluate how safe a system, smart contract, or blockchain is agaisnt attacks or technical failures.** **安全审计** **一项系统分析，用于评估系统、智能合约或区块链在抵御攻击或技术故障方面的安全性。** Seed Phrase ----------- **A seed phrase or menmonic seed is a collection of words that can be used to access your cryptocurrency wallet.** **种子短语/ 助记词** **助记词是可用于访问您的加密货币钱包的单词集合。** Segregated Witness (SegWit) --------------------------- **A process where the transaction signatures are separated from bitcoin transactions. Allowing more transactions to fit within one block.** **隔离见证（SegWit）** **交易签名与比特币交易分离的过程。允许更多交易容纳在一个区块中。** Selfish Mining -------------- **The strategic withholding and releasing of blocks by a miner in order to gain a competitive advantage over the network.** **自私挖矿** **矿工为了在网络上获得竞争优势而战略性地扣留和释放区块。** Sell Wall --------- **A very large limit sell order or a cumulation of sell orders at the same price level on an order book for an asset.** **卖墙** **一个非常大的限价卖单或资产订单簿上相同价格水平的卖单累积。** Sentiment --------- **The overall attitude of a community in regards to a cryptocurrency or within investors towards a certain financial market.** **情绪** **社区对加密货币或投资者对特定金融市场的总体态度。** Sharding -------- **Sharding is a method of splitting blockchains ( or other types of databases) into smaller, partitioned blockchains that manage specific data segments.** **分片** **分片是一种将区块链（或其他类型的数据库）拆分为更小的分区区块链以管理特定数据段的方法。** Sharpe Ratio ------------ **A ratio created in 1966 that investors and economists use to assess the potential return of investment (ROI).** **夏普比率** **1966 年创建的一个比率，投资者和经济学家使用它来评估潜在的投资回报 (ROI)。** Smart Contract -------------- **Automated contracts that trigger certain action when predetermined conditions are met. It works like 'If…then' conditions as for instance, it needs condition C met before money can be transferred from A to B.** **智能合约** **满足预定条件时触发特定操作的自动合约。它的工作原理类似于“如果……那么”条件，例如，它需要先满足条件 C，然后才能将钱从 A 转移到 B。** **Snapshot** **The ability to record the state of a blockchain ledger, storage device, or computer system at a specific point in time.** **快照** **在特定时间点记录区块链账本、存储设备或计算机系统状态的能力。** Source Code ----------- **Computer code, which is responsible for defining how software will function based on a list of instructions and statements.** **源代码** **计算机代码，负责定义软件如何根据指令和语句列表运行。** Stablecoin ---------- **A type of cryptocurrency that is designed to maintain a stable value, rather than experiencing significant price changes.** **稳定币** **一种旨在保持稳定价值而不是经历重大价格变化的加密货币。** Staking Pool ------------ A pool where stakeholders combine their staking power to increase their chance of successfully validating a new block. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **质押池** **利益相关者结合他们的权益以增加成功验证新区块的机会的池。** State Channel ------------- **A two-way communication channel between two users or nodes on a network, or between a user and a service.** **状态通道** **网络上两个用户或节点之间，或用户与服务之间的双向通信通道。** Store of Value -------------- **A commodity, asset or currency that can be saved, retrieved and exchanged at a future date, without suffering depreciation.** **价值储存** **可以在未来某个日期保存、取回和交换而不会贬值的商品、资产或货币。** Supercomputer ------------- **A computer or virtual machine that operates at the highest level of currently possible computing power.** **超级计算机** **以当前可能的最高计算能力运行的计算机或虚拟机。** Supply Chain ------------ **A network of people and businesses involved in creating and distributing a particular product or serving a particular customer.** **供应链** **参与创建和分销特定产品或服务特定客户的人员和企业网络。** Support ------- **A term in Technical Analysis (TA). When a price that is decreasing finds 'support'. Usually compared with lows.** **支撑点** **技术分析 (TA) 中的一个术语。当下跌的价格找到“支撑”时。通常与低点进行比较。** **T** Taker ----- **The 'taker' is someone who decides to place an order that is instantly matched with an existing order on the order book.** **接受者** **“接受者”是决定下达与订单簿上现有订单立即匹配的订单的人。** Tank ---- **A term adopted from the traditional financial markets and describes a strong negative financial performance of a particular asset** **坦克** **从传统金融市场采用的术语，描述特定资产的强烈负面财务表现** Ticker ------ **The trading 'symbol' or shortened name (typically in capital letters) that refer to a coin on a trading platform. For example: BNB** **代币代码** **指代交易平台上的币的交易“符号”或简称（通常为大写字母）。例如：BNB** Token ----- Tokens (not to be confused with coins) are digital units issued on a blockchain. They can hold value or be redeemed for assets. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **代币** **代币（不要与币混淆）是在区块链上发行的数字单位。它们可以保值或赎回资产。** Token Lockup ------------ **Token lockup or vesting period refers to the time span in which tokens or coins are not allowed to be transferred or traded.** **代币锁定** **代币锁定或释放期是指不允许代币或币转让或交易的时间跨度。** Token Sale ---------- **The issuance of tokens in exchange for another cryptocurrency. Also referred to as an Initial Coin Offering.** **代币销售** **发行代币以换取另一种加密货币。也称为初始代币发行。** Total Supply ------------ **Refers to the number of coins or tokens that currently exists and are either in circulation or locked somehow.** **总供应量** **指当前存在并且正在流通或锁定的币或代币的数量。** Transaction ID (TXID) --------------------- **A transaction ID (TXID) is a unique string of characters that labels each transaction on the blockchain.** **交易 ID (TXID)** **交易 ID (TXID) 是标记区块链上每笔交易的唯一字符串。** Transactions Per Second (TPS) ----------------------------- **The number of transactions that a blockchain network is capable of processing each second.** **每秒交易数 (TPS)** **区块链网络每秒能够处理的交易数量。** Trustless --------- **No single entity has authority over the system and consensus is achieved between participants who do not have to trust each other.** **无需信任** **没有任何一个实体对系统拥有权威，并且无需相互信任的参与者之间就可以达成共识。** Turing Complete --------------- **A machine that, given enough time and memory along with the necessary instructions, can solve any computational problem, no matter how complex.** **图灵完备** **一台机器，只要有足够的时间和内存以及必要的指令，就可以解决任何计算问题，无论多么复杂。** **U** Unit of Account --------------- **One of the primary properties of money. Allowing measurement and comparison of the value of different things.** **记账单位** **货币的主要属性之一。允许测量和比较不同事物的价值。** Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) --------------------------------- **An output created in a transaction, which must be referenced in a future transaction to spend funds.** **未花费的交易输出 (UTXO)** **在交易中创建的输出，必须在未来的交易中引用以花费资金。** User Interface (UI) ------------------- **The interface where interactions between humans and machines occur. It establishes how a user can interact with a machine.** **用户界面 (UI)** **人机交互发生的界面。它确定了用户如何与机器交互。** **V** Verification Code ----------------- **Code sent to a second device to ensure the identity of someone logging in to an account. Used for Two-Factor Authentication** **验证码** **发送到第二台设备的代码，以确保登录帐户的人的身份。用于双因素身份验证** Virtual Machine --------------- **An emulated computer system, or a distributed system that is designed to replicate the features of a computer's architecture.** **虚拟机** **模拟计算机系统，或旨在复制计算机体系结构特征的分布式系统。** Vladimir Club ------------- **A term used to describe someone who has acquired 1% of 1% (0.01%) of the maximum supply of a cryptocurrency.** **弗拉基米尔俱乐部** **用于描述已获得加密货币最大供应量的 1%的 1% （0.01%）的人的术语。** Volatility ---------- **How quickly and how much the price of an asset changes. Calculated in terms of standard deviations in the annual return of an asset over a set period of time.** **波动性** **资产价格变化的速度和幅度。根据特定时期内资产年回报率的标准差计算。** Volume ------ **A measurement of the number of individual units of an asset that changed hands in a market during a given time.** **体量** **衡量在给定时间内在市场上易手的资产的单个单位数量。** **W** Wallet ------ **Used to send and receive cryptocurrencies. Different types include software wallets, hardware wallets, and paper wallets.** **钱包** **用于发送和接收加密货币。不同类型包括软件钱包、硬件钱包和纸钱包。** Weak Hands ---------- **A term referring to traders or investors who lack the confidence to hold their assets or to follow their trading plans.** **弱手** **指缺乏信心持有资产或遵循交易计划的交易者或投资者的术语。** Weak Subjectivity ----------------- **Relates to the need for certain nodes to rely on other nodes when determining the current state of a PoS blockchain.** **主观性弱** **涉及在确定 PoS 区块链的当前状态时某些节点依赖其他节点的需要。** Web 1.0 ------- **The initial iteration of the web, when data was primarily read-only pages connected with hyperlinks. Also known as 'read-only' web.** **网络 1.0** **网络的初始迭代，当时数据主要是通过超链接连接的只读页面。也称为“只读”网络。** Whale ----- **An individual or organization that holds a large amount of Bitcoins or other cryptocurrency, allowing them to impact the markets.** **鲸** **持有大量比特币或其他加密货币从而影响市场的个人或组织。** Whiskers -------- **The lines extending from the colored bar in a candlestick chart that indicate the full low-high range of a trading pair within a certain time frame. Also referred to as wicks or shadows.** **从烛台图表中的彩色条延伸的线表示特定时间范围内交易对的完整低高范围。也称为灯芯或阴影。** Whitelist --------- **A list of allowed or trusted individuals, computer programs, or cryptocurrency addresses in relation to a service or event.** **白名单** **与服务或事件相关的，允许或信任的个人、计算机程序或加密货币地址的列表。** Wick ---- **A line found on a candlestick chart which is used to indicate where the price of an asset is fluctuating in regards to its opening and closing prices.** **灯芯** **烛台图上的一条线，用于指示资产价格相对于开盘价和收盘价的波动位置。** Win Rate -------- **In financial markets, win rate (or win ratio) is a metric that indicates how profitable a trader might be.** **赢率** **在金融市场中，赢率（或赢率）是一种衡量交易者盈利能力的指标。** Wrapped Ether (WETH) -------------------- **ERC-20 token representing Ether at a 1:1 ratio. It allows users to trade ETH to ERC-20 tokens on decentralized platforms.** **包裹以太币 (WETH)** **ERC-20 代币以 1:1 的比例代表以太币。它允许用户在去中心化平台上将 ETH 交易为 ERC-20 代币。** **Z** Zero-Knowledge Proofs --------------------- **Proofs to verify that transactions are valid without revealing any information about these transactions, providing privacy to the transaction while maintaining its legitimacy.** **零知识证明** **在不泄露有关这些交易的任何信息的情况下验证交易有效的证明，为交易提供隐私，同时保持其合法性。** Zk-Snarks --------- **“Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge” - an approach to zero knowledge proofs.** **Zk-Snarks** **“零知识简洁非交互式知识论证”——一种零知识证明方法。** 【英文部分来自Binance Academy- The Words of Crypto】 --- *Originally published on [Isabella🦄](https://paragraph.com/@isabella-26/web3)*