# ZK Mesh Mini *2024.03.08* By [ZK Mesh Mini](https://paragraph.com/@zkhack) · 2024-03-08 --- It's Friday and you know the drill: it's time for **ZK Mesh Mini**! **ZK Mesh Mini** is your weekly dose of ZK, where we unpack the top developments in the ZK space from the past 7 days. In this edition we'll cover: * [@Scroll\_ZKP](https://x.com/Scroll_ZKP) research on parallel zkVM, * [@reilabs\_io](https://x.com/reilabs_io) on zkFV, formal verification for zero-knowledge, * [@NovaNet\_zkp](https://x.com/NovaNet_zkp) announcement, * [@rishotics](https://x.com/rishotics) & [@NitanshuL](https://x.com/NitanshuL) on FflonK, * [@TACEO\_IO](https://x.com/TACEO_IO) on zkML with [@nil\_foundation](https://x.com/nil_foundation). * * * 1. In a recent paper, [@Scroll\_ZKP](https://x.com/Scroll_ZKP) research team described an architecture for a performant zkVM targeting at real time proving, by combining GKR parallelization, smaller field arithmetic & pay-what-you-need approach. [![User Avatar](https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1696531511519150080/Fq5O0LeN_normal.jpg)](https://twitter.com/Scroll_ZKP) [Scroll 📜](https://twitter.com/Scroll_ZKP) [@Scroll\_ZKP](https://twitter.com/Scroll_ZKP) [![Twitter Logo](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/logo.png)](https://twitter.com/Scroll_ZKP/status/1764964348454162460) probably nothing [eprint.iacr.org/2024/387](https://t.co/dcEZbcPlcu) ![](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GH5pbmxXwAAzLv9.png) [![Like Icon](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/heart.png) 2,000](https://twitter.com/Scroll_ZKP/status/1764964348454162460)[ 10:41 • 5 Mar 2024 ](https://twitter.com/Scroll_ZKP/status/1764964348454162460) [ ![](https://eprint.iacr.org/img/iacrlogo_small.png) https://eprint.iacr.org Parallel Zero-knowledge Virtual Machine --------------------------------------- Paper 2024/387 Wenqing Hu , Missouri University of Science and Technology Tianyi Liu , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Ye Zhang , Scroll Foundation Yuncong Zhang , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Zhenfei Zhang , Scroll Foundation Abstract Zero-knowledge virtual machine (zkVM) is a novel applica- tion of succinct and non-interactive zero-knowledge proof protocols that allows for verifiable computation over arbitrary codes. ](https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/387) * * * 2. In their article, [@reilabs\_io](https://x.com/reilabs_io) covered how they use Formal Verification (FV) as a way to ensure zk-circuits work as they should, and why zkFV is an important technique to improve zk-tooling and zk-security. [![User Avatar](https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1714724088017489920/0Ywk7yy-_normal.png)](https://twitter.com/reilabs_io) [Reilabs](https://twitter.com/reilabs_io) [@reilabs\_io](https://twitter.com/reilabs_io) [![Twitter Logo](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/logo.png)](https://twitter.com/reilabs_io/status/1765014616591970506) ![🧵](https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/14.0.2/72x72/1f9f5.png) Formal Verification for ZK Safety ZK circuits provide developers with the ability to offload expensive computations and just check they were done right on chain. Formal Verification is crucial to making sure these often-complex protocols are secure, and Reilabs recently… ![](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GH6SC_rW0AA-WXd.jpg) [![Like Icon](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/heart.png) 103](https://twitter.com/reilabs_io/status/1765014616591970506)[ 14:00 • 5 Mar 2024 ](https://twitter.com/reilabs_io/status/1765014616591970506) [ ![](https://reilabs.io/content/images/2023/10/1623663825082.jpg) https://reilabs.io Zero Knowledge Systems You Can Trust ------------------------------------ The EVM's ability to run computations on-chain has a major weakness: the cost of running code is often too great. Given a lot of the use-cases for this kind of public computation involve more interesting operations, we've seen a rapid rise in the use of systems that aim to alleviate those costs. ](https://reilabs.io/blog/zero-knowledge-systems-you-can-trust/) * * * 3. At #ETHDenver, [@NovaNet\_zkp](https://x.com/NovaNet_zkp) announced their peer-to-peer proving network. Its purpose is to enable decentralized zk-proofs via an incentivized way to run proofs everywhere. It is based on SuperNova NIVC. [![User Avatar](https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1759983864854839296/2KRImF8O_normal.jpg)](https://twitter.com/NovaNet_zkp) [NovaNet](https://twitter.com/NovaNet_zkp) [@NovaNet\_zkp](https://twitter.com/NovaNet_zkp) [![Twitter Logo](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/logo.png)](https://twitter.com/NovaNet_zkp/status/1763599439992660089) Introducing NovaNet: NovaNet is a decentralized, peer-to-peer zero knowledge proof network that acts as an incentive and coordination layer for scaling, privacy, and verifiable compute — everywhere. ZKPs should not just be about scaling ETH. [novanet.xyz](https://t.co/mw2Qxm9eBg) 1/8 [![Like Icon](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/heart.png) 30](https://twitter.com/NovaNet_zkp/status/1763599439992660089)[ 16:17 • 1 Mar 2024 ](https://twitter.com/NovaNet_zkp/status/1763599439992660089) [ ![](https://assets-global.website-files.com/65d52b07d5bc41614daa7269/65e1330584b6e8d90ab16081_novanet-social-media-logo-v2.png) https://www.novanet.xyz Zero knowledge proofs can run everywhere with NovaNet, a peer-to-peer proving network | NovaNet ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Privacy, verifiable compute, and scalability are a few of the amazing things you can do with zero-knowledge proofs in NovaNet. ](https://www.novanet.xyz/announcements/announcing-novanet-peer-to-peer-proving-network) * * * 4. [@rishotics](https://x.com/rishotics) & [@NitanshuL](https://x.com/NitanshuL), with some help from [@EllipticHector](https://x.com/EllipticHector), wrote an article to dive into the weeds of the “Multiple Polynomials” technique in the context of the FflonK framework. [![User Avatar](https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1667560609351876608/kp6W5iiJ_normal.jpg)](https://twitter.com/rishotics) [Rishabh Gupta](https://twitter.com/rishotics) [@rishotics](https://twitter.com/rishotics) [![Twitter Logo](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/logo.png)](https://twitter.com/rishotics/status/1765664227820294393) Wrote some notes on FFlonk (used by [@0xPolygon](https://twitter.com/0xPolygon) ZK-EVM) and how it leverages efficient polynomial commitment schemes for multiple points and polynomials\[BDFG' 21\] [ ![](https://pbs.twimg.com/card_img/1765627548367466496/Y2wSF52m?format=jpg&name=800x320_1) medium.com Notes on efficient polynomial commitment schemes and fflonk ----------------------------------------------------------- An overview of how fflonk is better than vanilla Plonk ](https://t.co/MvYjzGaDkM) [![Like Icon](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/heart.png) 59](https://twitter.com/rishotics/status/1765664227820294393)[ 9:02 • 7 Mar 2024 ](https://twitter.com/rishotics/status/1765664227820294393) [ ![](https://miro.medium.com/v2/da:true/resize:fit:1200/0*NOXtN2H1hm44p_uH) https://medium.com Notes on efficient polynomial commitment schemes and fflonk ----------------------------------------------------------- Leveraging batch openings, we can efficiently open a single polynomial at multiple points. Furthermore, with the "Multiple Polynomials" technique, it's possible to amalgamate multiple polynomials... ](https://medium.com/@rishotics/notes-on-efficient-polynomial-commitment-schemes-and-fflonk-501ea53df6ef) * * * 5. [@TACEO\_IO](https://x.com/TACEO_IO) published a blog post as a tutorial on their ONNX frontend for zkLLVM, from the setup/build and with examples. It allows building zkML circuits and validating large ML models. [![User Avatar](https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1689288373742030848/39UXQ_if_normal.png)](https://twitter.com/TACEO_IO) [TACEO](https://twitter.com/TACEO_IO) [@TACEO\_IO](https://twitter.com/TACEO_IO) [![Twitter Logo](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/logo.png)](https://twitter.com/TACEO_IO/status/1765784832032887287) ![🚀](https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/14.0.2/72x72/1f680.png)Excited to share our progress on zkML for [@nil\_foundation](https://twitter.com/nil_foundation) Proof-Market! Dive into our latest blog post to discover how we're enhancing zkLLVM with an ONNX extension. Full tutorial inside! [blog.taceo.io/nil-tutorial/](https://t.co/SWD5a2HveC) [![Like Icon](https://paragraph.xyz/editor/twitter/heart.png) 8](https://twitter.com/TACEO_IO/status/1765784832032887287)[ 17:01 • 7 Mar 2024 ](https://twitter.com/TACEO_IO/status/1765784832032887287) * * * 6. Hope you liked this week’s #ZkMeshMini! Subscribe to our newsletter for the full 𝗭𝗞 𝗠𝗲𝘀𝗵 capturing all the top research, articles, announcements, and more from this month and the last ones: [https://zkmesh.substack.com](https://zkmesh.substack.com)  [ ![](https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:best,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fzkmesh.substack.com%2Ftwitter%2Fsubscribe-card.jpg%3Fv%3D965845127%26version%3D9) https://zkmesh.substack.com zkMesh | Zero Knowledge Podcast | Substack ------------------------------------------ A monthly newsletter sharing the latest in decentralised privacy-preserving technologies, privacy protocol development and Zero Knowledge systems. Click to read zkMesh, a Substack publication with thousands of subscribers. ](https://zkmesh.substack.com) --- *Originally published on [ZK Mesh Mini](https://paragraph.com/@zkhack/meshmini20240308)*