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52% Returns in 30 Days: Your GPT-4o Quant Trading Bot Strategy

How to Profit in Any Market Condition with GPT-4o’s Mean Regression Strategies

https://medium.com/@henriquecentieiro?source=post_page-----2eb98e9f360b--------------------------------

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May 22, 2024

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Quant trading can be profitable, but it has been reserved only for traders with extensive resources, coding, and math skills or for large institutions.

That’s no longer the case! Now, thanks to ChatGPT, you can also benefit from quant trading.

A quant trader is someone who uses computer algorithms and programs based on mathematical and statistical models to analyze market data and find trading opportunities.

Let’s go ahead and find a profitable quant trading strategy with the help of GPT-4o. I will show you how simple it is!

One last thing before we start: I’m a guy who focuses on ‘fundamental analysis’ and ‘value investing’. If you follow me, you know that. These are the fundamentals of successful long-term investing. The goal of this article is to open up possibilities. I didn’t use the trading bot in this article with real money, and you shouldn’t either, unless you understand it very well.

How GPT-4o is a Big Leap For Traders

GPT-4o was recently released and has new capabilities compared to previous LLM models.

Capitalism is weird. In terms of creativity and quality, Final Fantasy VII Rebirth is without a doubt one of the best games of the 2020s. It might even be a top 10 contender of the entire Millennium (so far).

Almost halfway through 2024, it’s the highest ranked game of the year on Metacritic with a metascore of 92. It enjoyed widespread critical acclaim upon its launch in February on a level that no game in the Final Fantasy series has in a very long time. (Final Fantasy IX from 2000 has the highest metascore of all games in the series with 94, while no less than six different titles share the runner-up title with a metascore of 92: the Gameboy Advance version of Final Fantasy VI from 2007, the original Final Fantasy VII from 1997, Final Fantasy X from 2001, Final Fantasy XII from 2006, Final Fantasy XIV: Endwalker from 2021, and Final Fantasy VII Rebirth.)

And yet, all of the praise — and the incredible craftsmanship that continues to awe players, old Final Fantasy loyalists and newcomers alike — doesn’t seem to translate to commercial success.

Unfortunately, we have no way of knowing exactly how many copies Final Fantasy VII Rebirth has sold until its publisher Square Enix decides to tell us, but that…

The Arb Fast Lane is an open-source and permissionless trading bot which, in comparison to DIY methods, requires far less technical knowledge, enabling the Mantle community to participate in automated arbitrage opportunities. Making arbitrage significantly more accessible to the greater community not only strengthens ecosystem involvement, but also enhances market efficiency for everyone involved. In addition, operators of the Arb Fast Lane are rewarded with nearly 50% of the arbitrage profits, with the remaining solidifying the sustainability and growth of the Bancor ecosystem.

Seamlessly Integrated

The Arb Fast Lane identifies and performs sophisticated arbitrage trades using markets created with licensed Carbon DeFi deployments and their surrounding ecosystem. With the initial release on Mantle Network, the Arb Fast Lane is already able to route trades through a number of top DEXes, including:

• Graphene

• Velocimeter

• FusionX V2 & V3

• Agni

• Butter

• Cleopatra V2 & V3

• Merchant Moe

• Stratum

Why Mantle?

The Mantle Network is an Ethereum Layer 2 blockchain, setting itself apart with its modular architecture, separating transaction execution, data availability, and transaction finality into modules. These can be individually upgraded to adopt the latest innovations, simplifying the incorporation of future Ethereum upgrades. Expanding to the Mantle Network represents a strategic move to reinforce Bancor’s vision, to support upcoming licensed Carbon DeFi contract deployments and to establish itself within thriving ecosystems poised for increased adoption and liquidity.

Pre-Deployment Boost

The Arb Fast Lane received yet another round of significant enhancements just prior to its fourth deployment, ensuring it supports efficient order execution on upcoming licensed Carbon DeFi deployments and that it continues to expand upon its already impressive capabilities.

Carbon DeFi Trade Splitter

This enhancement enables the bot to consolidate liquidity from “same token” pairs (e.g., MNT/token and wMNT/token) for Carbon DeFi strategies into a unified liquidity source. This consolidation offers the advantage of expanding the Arb Fast Lane’s potential opportunities by increasing the accessibility of liquidity.

Multi-Deployment Support

Why limit yourself to just one Carbon DeFi deployment (-foreshadowing-) on a particular chain when you can have multiple? The arbitrage bot now boasts the capability to accommodate any number of Carbon DeFi deployments on a single blockchain! This substantial enhancement empowers the bot to simultaneously explore arbitrage opportunities across all Carbon DeFi strategies for every deployment on a blockchain.

Trade Splitter Support: Multiple Carbon DeFi Deployments

By combining trade splitter support with multi-deployment support, the Arb Fast Lane now boasts access to an even broader pool of liquidity. With the ability to aggregate same-token pairs from multiple Carbon DeFi deployments, the available liquidity for arbitrage continues to expand, bidding farewell to fragmented liquidity sources!

Upgraded Wrap/Unwrap Algorithm

The Arb Fast Lane bot already had the ability to add wrap & unwrap trades within arbitrage routes, however, the algorithm that powered this received a substantial upgrade. The new Carbon DeFi Trade Splitter algorithm required something that could handle much greater complexity, and thus the wrap/unwrap algorithm was upgraded to be significantly more robust. This new version is able to handle arbitrage routes that have much more complexity, further-optimizing its decisions.

Self Funding

Self-funding empowers operators of the Arb Fast Lane to access trade liquidity directly from their wallet, facilitating cost-effective arbitrage transactions and enhancing competitiveness. Though this upgrade was previously completed, it is particularly beneficial on Mantle Network where flashloan liquidity resources are scarce.

Shaping the Future of DeFi

While Bancor celebrates the successful launch of the Arb Fast Lane on Mantle Network, it also joins another promising Layer 2 ecosystem, empowering their community with the ability to participate in trading like they never have before, using a suite of innovative tools and superior capabilities developed with them in mind.

The integration of the Arb Fast Lane with top DEXes on Ethereum, Base, Fantom, and now Mantle, enhanced by the consistent upgrades and improvements, is just the beginning of a relentless pursuit to bring efficiency, liquidity, and accessibility to the forefront of blockchain technology.

Stay tuned for more updates, and join the community as Bancor continues to break barriers and remain at the forefront of DeFi innovation. Together, we’re not just participants in DeFi — we’re pioneers shaping its future.

The Arb Fast Lane and Carbon DeFi are products of Bancor and governed by the Bancor DAO.

For more on the Arb Fast Lane visit Bancor.network/ArbFastLane

Jewish law even includes foul breath as grounds for divorce and can prohibit priests (kohanim) from performing holy rites in the Temple.

It wasn’t until halitosis — an old Latin term for bad breath — was linked in the 1920s with a poorly selling mouthwash called Listerine, that a new medical condition was coined, and of course it needed treatment, being a condition that affects nearly everyone at some time. Nasty breath usually results from overabundant oral bacteria that release obnoxious gasses, commonly known as volatile sulfur compounds or VSCs.

Treatment has primarily focused on products that are short-term and don’t solve the primary cause; options like breath mints and mouth sprays that merely disguise the odor, similar to air freshener, or the burn-and-clear technique of a medicated mouthwash that wipes out 99% of all bacteria, including the good. The latter may have negative health consequences since good bacteria are necessary for creating beneficial oral microbiomes, questioning the science behind mouthwash use in general.

Part of the reason for the less-than-desirable treatment outcomes is not knowing the exact origins of the foul aroma.

But recently published work from scientists at Osaka University has identified the root cause of bad breath. Interactions between two tiny bacteria lurking in your mouth that require an electron microscope to glimpse are responsible for creating the noxious gas known as methyl mercaptan, CH3SH (the foulest of all gasses), resulting in your dragon breath.

The culprits are F. nucleatum and S. gordonii. So don’t curse every bacteria hiding out in your teeth and gums, eating and pooping through the night as the cause of your malodorous breath upon waking.

Understanding how these two species work together to cause offensive breath may help develop ways to treat or prevent it, the study’s…

I will not get into details but my hypothesis is built on bull run gaining steam in 2024 and reaching the peak by end of 2025.

In 2024 I plan to keep consolidating as much crypto as I can, mainly through airdrops and also from the earnings I get as content creator on Publish0x and Medium.

My belief is that anyone with zero starting capital can make it big in the world of crypto and is what true decentralisation has to offer for everyone with conviction in the power of blockchain.

Which airdrops I am grinding for and when I claim them, what I do with them will be posted regularly. So if you want to follow my crazy journey over the next 2 years then hit the like, tip, subscribe, follow and whatever options you can find.

If you missed my previous post about the detailed blueprint of my plan you can find it in my profile with the title — My Crypto Retirement plan: Blueprint.

Before we go further into the January update I have a small request. My previous twitter account got hacked by scammers and I have lost access to it. I am now starting with a new account here — https://twitter.com/SamWagmi

If you have been following my content for a while I will really appreciate it if you can give me a follow. Drop a comment whether you came from Publish0x, Medium, Hive, YouTube or some other platform and I will surely give you a follow back.

Below is the timeline of the next BTC bull run I am expecting on which my plan will be linked to for the next 2 years.

How was January for my Retirement Plan?

Honestly speaking I was not expecting much from January considering that it was going to the first month in the 2 year plan. 2023 had not been a great year for airdrops as ARB was the only big airdrop I got during the whole year.

2024 however has started with a bang as I claimed the following 6 airdrops:

• ZKF — $50

The performance of large language models (LLMs) is growing at a breakneck pace. Models provide more coherent and consistent answers, with a progressive and significant reduction of hallucinations. This improvement is mainly related to the overall optimization of model architecture and training data, as well as the constant increase in parameters. Nonetheless, hallucinations are still occurring, sometimes in unexpected ways, and it is still a significant challenge to trace the source of these anomalies. Our understanding of the inner workings of LLMs is less detailed than what one could assume when looking at their widespread application, and this is a considerable limit in specific domains where random and unexpected errors could lead to severe consequences (e.g., healthcare and finance).

Neurodevelopmental Correlates in Artificial Intelligence Understanding the neural development process in humans can be a useful guide to design and optimize LLMs. The human brain, especially during its development, undergoes various processes that enhance its efficiency and functionality, ensuring that neural circuits are adapted based on environmental interactions. During fetal development, the brain undergoes rapid growth, with an overproduction of synaptic connections. Subsequently, as the individual matures, synaptic pruning refines this neural network by removing redundant connections, thereby enhancing the groundedness and efficiency of neural processes. Neuronal activity plays a key role in this process - synapses that are frequently used and activated are strengthened and preserved, while those that are seldom used are pruned away.

Evolution has selected for this approach in network formation: construction through overabundance and subsequent pruning.

These neural networks are much more robust and efficient than networks that are constructed through other means (1).

Neuropathology of Biological Neural Networks From the pathological viewpoint, alterations in synaptic pruning are one of the proposed etiological mechanisms behind neurological and psychiatric disorders (2). On one side, over-pruning can contribute to the excessive loss of functional synapses, such as in Alzheimer’s disease. On the other, unbalanced pruning is one of the potential causes of disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, where an inefficient “fine-tuning” of synaptic connections might lead to characteristic disease presentations. A dysregulated pruning process may be the source of symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking in schizophrenia, as well as sensory processing challenges and behavioral profiles typical of autism.

Image generated by Dall-E 3 Neuropathology of LLMs In LLMs, ‘hallucinations’ typically refer to the generation of nonsensical or nonfactual content that is not grounded in the source material. However, Smith et al. (3) proposed the term ‘confabulation’ as a more fitting descriptor. In contrast to hallucination, confabulation involves generating incorrect narrative details, influenced by the model’s existing knowledge and contextual understanding, rather than implying any form of sensory perception. This redefinition aligns more closely with the operation of LLMs, which synthesize outputs based on patterns learned from vast datasets rather than experiencing sensory inputs.

In general, the extensive training of LLMs mirrors the initial stages of brain development, where a vast array of neural connections are formed. However, like the human brain, LLMs may require an adjunctive refinement process. This refinement, analogous to synaptic pruning in human development, would involve cleaning and optimizing the model’s architecture. Without this process, an LLM may risk being overwhelmed by ‘white noise’ — excess information or connections that obscure or distort the intended output.

So, the continual improvement of LLMs through methods like pruning may be required to ensure that their outputs are relevant, accurate, and grounded in the source material. As discussed above, these characteristics are particularly relevant when operating in fields where the reliability of the information provided by the LLM is critical for safety reasons. In fact, Elaraby et al. (4) showed that, to date, LLM-generated summaries in the legal or health space sometimes contain inaccurate information with the potential for a real-life negative impact.

A Technical Perspective on LLM Pruning — “Optimal Brain Damage” As already described in technical papers, LLM pruning involves the reduction of model size by eliminating weights that contribute minimally to model performance, thus generating a sparser model. This process leads to more efficient models that require less computational power and resources while maintaining or even enhancing performance.

Pruning in LLMs is strikingly similar to synaptic pruning in neurodevelopment. Just as synaptic pruning optimizes neural pathways by removing redundant connections, model pruning in LLMs aims to maintain or enhance performance by removing redundant weights​​.

A fascinating description of the potential impact of model pruning was provided as early as 1989 by LeCun et al. (5) in a paper titled “Optimal Brain Damage.” As stated by the authors, by removing unimportant weights from a network, several improvements can be expected: better generalization, fewer required training examples, and improved speed of learning and classification. However, rather than brain damage, this can be viewed as a physiological step in neural structure optimization, a tailored “psychosurgical” approach aimed at favoring the adequate “maturation” of the architecture.

Indeed, it is extremely interesting to notice that, as recently demonstrated by Chrysostomou et al. (6), pruned LLMs tend to hallucinate less than their full-sized counterparts, potentially due to a greater reliance on source input rather than parametric knowledge from pre-training​​.

The Bigger, the Better? The absence of adequate pruning might be one of the components underlying the presence of hallucinations in LLMs, and improvements in this field may lead to better models without the need for a significant increase in size, challenging the “the bigger, the better” stereotype. However, like synaptic pruning, AI model pruning is a balancing act of removing excess while preserving essential functionalities. The convergence of these biological and computational processes shows a parallel in seeking optimized efficiency and functionality in complex systems.

References

1. Navlakha S, Barth AL, Bar-Joseph Z. Decreasing-Rate Pruning Optimizes the Construction of Efficient and Robust Distributed Networks. Graham LJ, ed. PLoS Comput Biol. 2015;11(7):e1004347. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004347

2. Xie C, Xiang S, Shen C, et al. A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity. Nat Med. 2023;29(5):1232–1242. doi:10.1038/s41591–023–02317–4

3. Smith AL, Greaves F, Panch T. Hallucination or Confabulation? Neuroanatomy as Metaphor in Large Language Models. Berkovsky S, ed. PLOS Digit Health. 2023;2(11):e0000388. doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000388

4. Elaraby M, Zhong Y, Litman D. Towards Argument-Aware Abstractive Summarization of Long Legal Opinions with Summary Reranking.

5. LeCun Y, Denker JS, Solla SA. Optimal Brain Damage.

6. Chrysostomou G, Zhao Z, Williams M, Aletras N. Lighter, yet More Faithful: Investigating Hallucinations in Pruned Large Language Models for Abstractive Summarization. Published online November 15, 2023. Accessed November 27, 2023. http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.09335

The Oraichain ecosystem witnessed substantial growth in 2023, particularly in its DeFi offerings. This year marked OraiDEX’s transformation from a basic Automated Market Maker (AMM) to a sophisticated multi-chain trading platform, equipped with a diverse array of tools to support various trading strategies. Innovations like Universal Swap, Order Book, and Perpetual Futures have not only enriched the platform but also significantly boosted its revenue streams.

To enhance the utility of the ORAIX token, we’re thrilled to introduce the OraiDEX Co-Harvest. This initiative enables holders to extract tangible value from OraiDEX while fostering sustainable long term incentives for liquidity providers. With this mechanism:

1. ORAIX will be used to bid on USDC in the Harvest Pool.

2. At settlement, winners will receive USDC and their ORAIX will be recycled out of the CS and back to the vested supply for future LP incentives.

On December 5, 2023, the first Harvest Pool began accruing rewards. In this short time, OraiDEX has already generated more than $20K in total revenue, resulting in more than $8K contributed to the inaugural Co-Harvest. As OraiDEX continues to amplify its revenue channels in 2024 and ventures into AI services, ORAIX holders are positioned to gain substantially and contribute meaningfully to the platform’s growth.

Let’s delve into the specifics of how the Co-Harvest mechanism on OraiDEX will operate.

Co-Harvest for ORAIX Holders

Harvest Pool: 40% of all fees generated via OraiBridge, order book, and futures trading are deposited into the Co-Harvest pool every 24 hours in USDC. This transparent system allows users to continuously monitor the accrual process.

Bidding: During the accrual period, ORAIX holders can enter bids, joining pools at various discount tiers ranging from a minimum of 5% to a maximum of 25%, to participate in the auction for USDC fees. This opportunity is open to all ORAIX holders, irrespective of the number of tokens they possess.

Auction Settlement: The settlement price is determined at the auction’s close, based on the ORAIX/USDC price feed. Bids are fulfilled in a first-come-first-serve manner, starting from the top.

Frequency: Co-Harvest auctions are held bi-weekly. Once an auction concludes, the next immediately begins accumulating fees. Any remaining funds post-auction are rolled over to the next Co-Harvest pool.

Recycled ORAIX: ORAIX tokens from winning bids are withdrawn from circulation and recycled into the unissued supply, earmarked for future LP incentives.

Sustainability for OraiDEX LP Incentives

The Co-Harvest mechanism represents a groundbreaking development in Oraichain economics, enhancing sustainability in vital areas pivotal to long-term growth and security. While ORAI Co-Harvest replenishes rewards for delegators and validators, supporting long-term security, OraiDEX’s Co-Harvest creates a sustainable pool of rewards for LP incentives. Coupled with real yield from swap fees, liquidity providers can enjoy consistent rewards, thereby contributing to protocol growth.

Furthermore, Co-Harvest bolsters ORAIX value, spurring demand with each auction and continuously recycling tokens from the circulating supply for future incentives. This strategy provides a compelling reason for holders to farm and retain ORAIX tokens, maximizing value extraction from OraiDEX’s overall growth.

Resolving Proposal #200 and #201

Implementing OraiDEX’s Co-Harvest will significantly bolster the utility of the ORAIX token. Slated for introduction in January, this feature will allow the team to swiftly address the DAO’s decision in Proposal #200, eliminating ORAI as a bonus incentive from all pools. Consequently, all liquidity providers will benefit from real yield and ORAIX incentives for their liquidity contributions.

What’s Next?

We are incredibly optimistic about the future of OraiDEX and the ORAIX token. With the imminent launch of Co-Harvest, we eagerly anticipate the enhanced value and opportunities it will bring to our community. As we finalize development and testing, we will be updating the community on OraiDEX revenue, Harvest Pool growth and new features that will boost the Co-Harvest bounty. Stay tuned for more!

Now, water, that H2O combo we all know, typically goes through predictable cycles of liquid, solid, and gas in the water cycle. But the intensified rainfall aligns with the broader trend of 2023 being the hottest year on record and the consequent thawing of ancient snow trapped in glaciers for centuries, ultimately contributing to rising water levels.

Is there more water now with these biblical rains coming day in and day out?

No, the amount of water on the Earth and its atmosphere remains constant as it goes through its cycle. There is about the same amount of water on Earth now as in the Mesozoic period. Even water breathed, drunk, and urinated remains part of the planet’s water content. Two water fluxes exist between Earth and the rest of the solar system, so the total amount is not strictly constant. But these fluxes remain small compared to the vast reservoir of Earth’s water. The overall change is insignificant, even over long geologic periods.

So the question here is, how on Earth did we get wet?

Not Exactly a Rainy Beginning

Every time you take a sip of water, you probably drink something that’s been around for about 4.5 billion years. Earth is swimming in a life-sustaining substance as old as the planet itself. But when the solar system was forming, early planets, including Earth and Mars, were too hot for water.

But studying the moon’s craters, it seems our side of the solar system’s frost line got constantly hit by space rocks, including a rough period called the

Health relies on the autonomic nervous system, and a great way to stay autonomically healthy is SEX. I’ll teach you about the science of sex. In short, more is better!

After reading my most recent book, my friend said that she could tell I was getting a lot of sex while I was writing it. And she was right! I wrote it during the pandemic, so my usual bi-coastal marriage problem was solved by moving to upstate New York for 15 months. My wife and I could finally sleep in the same bed every night and that meant MORE SEX, which was great for our relationship, sure, but it was also great for our sleep, our autonomic balance, our ability to deal with stress, and our emotional, cognitive, and psychological health. Stay with me here as I explain a little about how your health is determined by your autonomic nervous system, and that a great way to stay autonomically healthy is, you guessed it, SEX.

Your health is determined by a lot of factors, and one very important bedrock factor is how well your autonomic nervous system is functioning. The autonomic system has two branches. One controls your get up and go by speeding up your heart rate, your respiration, your access to energy and shutting down any slow maintenance functions like digestion. The scientific label for this branch is the sympathetic nervous system, but I call it REV because its REVs you up and ensures you are ready for any go-time moment. Given that that taut state of REV is energy-depleting and stressful on your health, the function of other autonomic branch is to maintain basic functioning of your restorative systems and specifically calm down REV in the moment and also across the whole day.

RESTORE’s job is to inhibit and reverse your stress response and help you recover precious physiological resources such as glycogen, body fluids, and blood flow. But RESTORE does so much more than take over the nonessential mind-body functions put on hold during REV’s domineering act (e.g., digestion, urination, sexual arousal, heart rate relaxation, and general lubrication of the eyes, mouth, and erogenous zones). While crusading and conquering occur courtesy of REV, our restorative, creative processes flourish via RESTORE, including the transformation of recent experiences into long-term memories, engagement in complex thinking, creativity, and regulation of emotions. It provides a safe space for your mind to wander, dream, and create. In a nutshell, when you elevate RESTORE, you enter the Downstate, the time and space where you recover from life’s stressors, replenish your resources, and get ready for the next challenge.

With prolonged states of REV and not enough RESTORE, however, you can end up in a state of autonomic imbalance that debilitates the entire system, causing the stress response to essentially become stuck in the On position. Autonomic imbalance, characterized by high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, high lipids, and elevated resting heart rate, has been associated with chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. When your body is stressed, tired, and unfit, the heart is forced to work harder to keep blood circulating. As a result, resting heart rate increases. Study after study has linked elevations in resting heart rate not only with a heightened risk of all the aforementioned diseases, but also with the chance of dying early. One study found that every ten beats-per-minute increase in resting heart rate increased people’s risk for death by about 20 percent.

This mountain of medical data draws a straight line from autonomic imbalance to an elevated, inflexible heart rate to chronic disease. BUT this is actually great news because both a healthy autonomic ratio and a strong, resilient heart rate are two things that you can control. In the Power of the Downstate, I explain all the many ways that you can actively achieve a great REV/RESTORE ratio through your breathe, sleep, exercise, and eating. But here I’m just going to focus on SEX.

Sex is a major regulator of your REV/RESTORE ratio in the moment of that actual act and in the post-orgasm afterglow. First, during the initial stages of getting turned on, the RESTORE system warms up the body and mind for sex, as any fight or flight–type thoughts or feelings can be a real buzzkill. But while RESTORE is critical for arousal mechanisms like erections and clitoral engorgement, REV takes over as things heat up, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, sweat production, and pupil dilation . . . this last sign being a universal signal for “Come and get it.” REV also handles the swelling of breasts, vaginal walls, and testicles; tightens the scrotum; and lubricates the tip of the penis. These actions all continue through REV’s final push toward the Big O.

The massive RESTORE rebound following all that exertion makes orgasms your gateway drug to deep Downstate bliss. Post-YES!, RESTORE covers your entire body in calm. Your thinking brain, which made a big push during the lead-up to the fireworks show, takes five, as it soaks in a warm bath of attachment-facilitating oxytocin and feel-good serotonin. And to all you insomniacs out there, to the anxiety-prone people who spend hours ruminating, to anyone who feels exhausted all the time, whether or not they get good sleep: sex is the answer.

I like to think of orgasms as blow darts, whisking you off on a nightly voyage to deep sleep. Whether you’re with a partner or Lone Ranger style, that great big romp in the hay activates all brain areas as REV rides that pony all the way to the finish line. Every cell in your brain and body is running at max capacity, like a one-person orchestra performing Ride of the Valkyries. After the fireworks finale, RESTORE shuttles in the deep comedown and it’s lights out in the theater, bring on the sleep show.

The reason orgasms are such potent Downstate instigators is because your vagus nerve, the primary information highway of RESTORE activity, is directly connected to your genitals, bypassing most of the spinal cord. (In fact, many people with spinal cord injuries can still have orgasms for just this reason.) If you’re wondering how scientists know so much about brain activity patterns during orgasms, it’s because people volunteer in pairs or on their own to get down in a brain scanner while a bunch of scientists sit in a control room making small talk. Awkwaaaaard!

And the reverse relationship is also true; having robust Downstate sleep that thoroughly switches off REV is good for maintaining healthy plumbing in the sex department. About four or five times a night, proerectile RESTORE pathways predominate, producing nocturnal erections and labial, vaginal, and clitoral engorgement. Sex experts sound like Downstate aficionados when they refer to these events as a “battery-recharging” mechanism for the sex organs because they increase energy-rich, oxygenated blood flow to those areas.

Curiously, vaginal orgasms may beat clitoral ones when it comes to RESTORative gains, due to stronger connections between the vagus nerve and the vagina (as opposed to the clitoris). Less is known about whether anal sex might lead to the same RESTORE perks, but intriguingly, vagal connections do reach the anus, suggesting that it’s possible. Along with improved REV/ RESTORE ratios, orgasms give your cardiovascular system a run for its money; help combat restless sleep; and just make you happy. And happy mood is associated with higher heart rate variability (HRV), a signature of strong RESTORE functioning.

Good sex and HRV are a two-way street because a healthy REV/RESTORE ratio is crucial for a good sex life. Becoming aroused requires just the right amount of REV; too little or too much and you’ll experience trouble becoming and staying aroused. High HRV is associated with better overall sexual function, and people with higher HRV tend to be the ones having more sex. Having a rich and plentiful sex life well into your eighth and ninth decades has secondary benefits for your brain, as studies have shown that executive function is higher in people who are more sexually active later in life.

In fact, restorative practices that increase HRV, such as Autogenic training, can help people increase sexual arousal. Check out instructions for Autogenic training and other HRV practices in my book, The Power of the Downstate. The audio version of my book might be especially helpful as I lead listeners through an actual Autogenic training session.

On the other hand, sex or touch that doesn’t feel right is the exact opposite of Downstate comfort, making you feel unsafe, on your guard, and everything BUT relaxed. Even slight touches, such as a stranger placing a hand on your back, or a colleague or boss giving you a too-often pat, can make you feel vulnerable and can even send you into a full-blown stress response due to the casualness with which they cross your physical boundary without consent. It’s up to you to decide the whos, whens, hows, and wheres of physical touch and intimacy. Understanding and training yourself to embody the rules of consent can be helpful for self-empowerment.

Here are some good rules of thumb for sexual interactions that keep the Downstate on the rise:

Say yes only when it is a real yes.

Say no when it is a maybe or no.

Change your mind at any time; that is, you might be a yes, and then start feeling weird and switch to a no.

When you take responsibility for setting the boundaries in a clear and honest way, physical touch can be a pleasurable way to welcome the Downstate.

In sum, sex is good for you. I know that shaking the sheets can sometimes be the furthest thing from your mind after a busy day that has sucked up your very last ounce of energy, but think about it as medicinal, like taking your vitamins, and have fun! With some creative planning you can even win the trifecta of the Downstate Derby by following these steps:

First, start your day with an intensive cardio training session to boost REV early in the day.

Second, make a date with yourself (and a partner, if available) to get down tonight.

Third, take a small dose of melatonin an hour before your Estimated Time of Orgasm (ETO).

PAYOUT!

**Dr. Sara C. Mednick is a cognitive neuroscientist at the University of California, Irvine and author of The Power of the Downstate: Recharge Your Life Using Your Body’s Own Restorative Systems (HachetteGO) and Take a Nap! Change Your Life (Workman)

Users will only be able to receive their maximum whitelist mint allocation, and not double-dip. For instance, if a user is eligible to earn double the tickets for staking across two chains, or for staking plus testnet participation, they will only receive their highest possible whitelist allocation. However, Genesis holders have the opportunity to stack tickets within the Pioneer campaign to augment their holdings.

The only exception to this rule applies to past contest winners, holders of OG status, and top rankers on Zealy, and a few other categories, who will have the privilege of stacking on top of their allocation.”

Here is a refresher on the properties of the Genesis NFTs:

Silver Genesis Lottery Value: $10 allocation lottery Type: Genesis

Gold Genesis Lottery Value: $25 allocation lottery Type: Genesis

Obsidian Genesis Guaranteed Value: $50 guaranteed allocation Type: Genesis

Eclipse Ambassadors: There will be an opportunity for open rank ups within the program leading up to launch, more of this will be divulged soon, this will offer the opportunity for future Astronauts and Lunar Navigators to earn the higher reward tier pre-IDO.

Space Cadet Rank

Between 1–4 x $50 guaranteed tickets ($50-$200, based on activity) 2x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs Astronaut Rank

Between 4–8 x $50 guaranteed tickets ($200-$400, based on activity) 4x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs Lunar Navigator Rank

15 x $50 guaranteed tickets ($750) 6x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs Testnet Participants: For participants who previously participated in the Eclipse Fi Sei testnet launches.

One mission completed:

1x Silver Genesis Lottery NFT All missions completed (not including upcoming LBP)

3x Silver Genesis Lottery NFTs All missions completed + Multiverse staking rank for testnet $ECLIP

2x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs 1x Silver Genesis Lottery NFTs Sei Ambassadors: We will query these through the NFT badges that Sei mints with ambassadors. This will come a little later after the Sei badge mint. (Wallets need to be Queried)

Officers

2x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs Captains

3x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs 1x Silver Genesis Lottery NFTs Majors

1 x $50 Obsidian Genesis Guaranteed NFT 3 x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs Colonel

3 x $50 Obsidian Genesis Guaranteed NFT 4 x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs Cosmos Ecosystem Stakers The following wallets will be eligible to mint a Silver Genesis Lottery NFT. Although this is fairly small, holding this Genesis, will open the following users to the ability to earn the increased level of NFTs within the Pioneer campaign which cannot be understated.

A few on-chain activities on specific protocols will open users to additional NFTs.

Snapshot Date: 25th September 2023

Osmosis

Staked $50 of $OSMO Juno

Staked $50 of $JUNO Secret

Staked $50 of $SCRT Kuji/Manta

Staked $50 of $KUJI Injective

Staked $50 of INJJ Atom (Snapshot on the 26th of September)

Staked $50 of $ATOM Participation bonus Quests: Users who participated in these will receive a higher number of Genesis tickets on mint on top of their existing mint. These might be delayed due to the time required when querying data.

Snapshot Date: 17th September 2023

Participated in a Streamswap launch

4x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs 2x Silver Genesis Lottery NFTs Participated in the Neutron Lockdrop

4x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs 2x Silver Genesis Lottery NFTs Traded on Levana on Osmosis

2x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs 2x Silver Genesis Lottery NFTs Traded at least $50 on Injective Helix

1x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs 2x Silver Genesis Lottery NFTs Others Eligibilities: These users will receive the NFT tickets on top of their already eligible allocations.

Zealy leaderboard

Snapshot on 21/09 Top 3 = Bonus 5 x $50 Obsidian Genesis Guaranteed NFT

Top 10 = Bonus 2 x $50 Obsidian Genesis Guaranteed NFT

Top 50 = Bonus 6x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs

Top 100 = Bonus 3x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs

Top 200 = Bonus 2 x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs

Space ID contest winners 2 x Gold Genesis Lottery NFTs on top of existing allocation

Previous Community Meme contest winners 2 x $50 Obsidian Genesis Guaranteed NFT each

OG status holders 2 x $50 Obsidian Genesis Guaranteed NFT

Security is of paramount importance to us at ZetaChain — and it has to be with our community of 1.7 million users from over 100 countries who have used our testnet.

The crypto industry has witnessed devastating breaches in recent years, over US$3.8 billion was stolen from crypto hacking attacks last year alone. As a multi-chain protocol that bridges assets across multiple blockchains, it is essential that we continue to protect our business and ecosystem of more than 100 dApps. That’s why we announced today that we are working to further fortify our defenses against potential threats using Chainalysis Crypto Incident Response offering and Halborn’s best-in-class security assessments.

Chainalysis and Halborn announced a partnership in April to tackle crypto fraud with preventative and proactive security measures that are particularly focused on DeFi, which is a common target for attackers.

“Halborn’s insights helped us improve the security of our blockchain and Chainalysis’s response capabilities provide peace of mind for our OmniChain operations,” said Charlie McCowan, Head of Security at ZetaChain.

Here are more details from the official announcement:

Chainalysis launched Crypto Incident Response last June, recognizing a need in the market for added security measures beyond smart contract audits and bug bounties. By utilizing this service, ZetaChain prepares itself before crisis strikes, with our team of expert investigators standing by to help. Crypto Incident Response is a rapid response retainer service used by cryptocurrency businesses and large organizations that are high-risk targets for cyber attacks or unauthorized network intrusions that involve cryptocurrency theft or demand. We arm ZetaChain with the expertise and investigative capabilities needed to recover lost funds in the event of an exploit.

Chainalysis investigators have the industry’s most comprehensive, authoritative, and verifiable crypto transaction dataset — one trusted by global regulators and law enforcement for digital asset recovery and prosecution — at their fingertips to track down clients’ stolen funds. We also have a large customer and partner base and, with it, a sizable network with connections to almost all significant exchanges and services in the crypto space as well as Law Enforcement Agencies around the world, which makes us very efficient in engaging the relevant entities when needed.

And

Halborn’s preventative solution includes:

• Phase 1 involves initial risk assessments and architecture security reviews.

• Phase 2 features numerous security services from cloud configuration, DevOps, to logical network segmentation.

• Phase 3 is a development phase with smart contract and infrastructure audits, powered by tools like Halborn’s ZIION.

• Phase 4 is focused on pen testing and additional enterprise audits.

• Phase 5 is the deployment phase with Blue team monitoring,Threat intelligence, Red team exercises, and employee security training.

Halborn’s ongoing support and guidance are instrumental in ensuring that ZetaChain remains resilient against evolving cyber threats. Halborn’s expertise in security architecture and research-backed insights provide ZetaChain with a proactive and adaptive security framework. By leveraging Halborn’s capabilities, ZetaChain fortified its defenses, securing its codebase one step further.

We talk a lot in public about how we are growing our ecosystem with grants, hackathons and developer relations, but we are dedicated to ensuring security as today’s announcement shows.

About ZetaChain

ZetaChain is the world’s first and only decentralized EVM-compatible L1 blockchain with built-in cross-chain interoperability, connecting all blockchains, even non-smart contract chains like Bitcoin and Dogecoin. With ZetaChain’s complete Omnichain toolkit, developers can build true omnichain dApps from a single point of logic, and users can access all of their assets, data, and liquidity in a single place, securely.

Follow ZetaChain on Twitter @zetablockchain and join the conversation on Discord and Telegram. Reach out to partnerships@zetachain.com if you’re building on top of ZetaChain.

My friend wasn’t entirely correct in his assessment of Web3 as simply being a extra name for the blockchain system. The fundamental basis of Web3 does surround blockchain, but when you get more into its development it’s clear that blockchain is only one aspect of it. To demonstrate this, the role of a blockchain in an application tied to Web3 would have a comparable purpose to how one might use a database with web app built on Web2 technology.

Web1 = the internet of information; i.e., The HTML CSS websites you cannot interact with.

Web2 = the internet of interactions; i.e., Modern platforms like Facebook, Twitter, etc., that allow you to be connected end to end with others.

Web3 = the new internet of value, i.e., the internet where centralization of information is eliminated.

So if we try to define Web3, we can say that it is the concept that aids the development of decentralized applications(dApps). Yes — the same decentralized internet we heard from Richard in Silicon Valley!

However, we do not have a compression engine platform like what he had built to build this. Instead, we have a range of protocols and platforms that enable this development system. These protocols are a set of rules that govern how your application works, while multiple platforms facilitate the creation of your application.

Okay, fine, but why do we need dApps in the first place?

The most significant benefit of creating a dApp is Ownership and Identity. Ownership of data, content, literally everything with your self-identity — a concept that got blurred with the coming of age of these top institutions like Google and Facebook.

Another significant benefits people talk about is Composability, one of the central pillars of Web3.

All software firms in existence at the present time are concentrating on acquiring consumer information,the leading asset which provides them with a unique identity over their competition. Possession of consumer records rather than the product they makes companies that vie against each other , that share comparably equal user interface and operational procedures, simultaneously significant in courtesy of it exclusive “data” issued.

This is what Web3 will disrupt, making every application composable by sharing & consuming their data between different applications. Think about a metaverse where you can buy things from Meta and use them in the Microsoft ecosystem. This is the most exciting and interesting aspect of Web3. It is making the web genuinely composable!

But that’s not all; with the high amount of trust and reliability these applications bring in, the possibilities are endless; we haven’t even imagined what the future might look like with dApps being omnipresent. I feel Web3 might start the same revolution that open-source brought into the developer ecosystem.

Understanding the Web3 Architecture

Now that we have defined Web3, we need to understand how these protocols and platforms work together to help us build these dApps.

When we imagine a general web app, we envision an architecture constituting the follows:

Although I’ve not depicted things like caches, queues, etc., a general over-the-top architecture looks like this.

For a Web3 app, The frontend will remain the same, but some exciting changes start to happen on the backend side of things. Let’s see how that works:

If we compare Web2 and Web3, the Blockchain Node is doing the heavy lifting and managing our data, which is decentralized into a network of blockchains. Since it is expensive to store directly on the chain, we have some off-chain File Storage and a P2P Database facilitating data storage. Finally, to build a secure layer, we have a Wallet or a Private Key-based Authentication to verify the individual’s identity.

Please note that this is just an over-the-top depiction of the architecture. In reality, we have much more complex applications and need architectural parameters from both Web2 and Web3.

The Web3 Tech Stack

So far, we have learned what a Web3 architecture generally looks like. Now, let’s deep dive into each of these components to better understand the tech stack.

So let’s start from the bottom:

Blockchain

If I talk about selecting a blockchain to build upon, it is one of the most challenging tasks one needs to decide on. There are many factors at play here; decentralization, transaction throughput, gas fees, ecosystem/interoperability, and many more, and we won’t be debating them all as it’ll never end. It is like choosing your programming language. Every single one works; a few are better in specific cases and others for other use cases.

Although, as a beginner, I might recommend starting with Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with Solidity. This is because of the massively present developer community around it.

EVM acts as the virtual machine, the bedrock of Ethereum’s entire operating structure. Ethereum brought in the concept of smart contracts and is the most used blockchain out there. Solidity is the language used to make smart contracts. It is very similar to JavaScript in syntax, which might be helpful if you’re a Web2 developer. Under the hood, Solidity is compiled into low-level instructions called opcodes for the EVM to interpret.

When you’ve learned this, it will be easier to understand the concepts of other technologies in the ecosystem, like:

• Solana: Another blockchain like Ethereum focuses on providing faster transaction times and cheaper fees. The smart contracts can be written in Rust, C, and C++.

• Layer 2’s (L2): L2 refers to a secondary protocol built over an existing blockchain system, generally Ethereum, borrowing the main chain’s consensus security. There are many options here, but the top ones remain Polygon, Arbitrium, StarkEx & StarkNet, Optimism, etc.

• Application Chains: Although you won’t require this as a newbie, I feel this is the most exciting option out there. You can build your own blockchain/consensus system with platforms like Tendermint/Cosmos, Polkadot, etc.

Blockchain Node

For deploying an application in production, you need a server. A blockchain node does this job for blockchains. Blockchain nodes are network stakeholders or devices running the “blockchain software”. Hence, they are authorized to keep track of the distributed ledger, serving as communication hubs for the network tasks. A P2P (Peer to Peer) protocol allows nodes to communicate within the network and transfer information about transactions and new blocks.

You can self-run blockchain nodes or get a Node service provider like Quicknode, Moralis, Infura, etc., that offer APIs to create automated flows. For self-hosting, AWS Cloud and Azure have images for you to spin up for the more popular chains. Otherwise, most chains make it easy for you to run your nodes/validators. The only thing that can be a hassle is to ensure uptime and maintenance, which depends on your network.

P2P Database

The first question that anybody would ask here is: Why do we need a database when we’re using blockchain in the first place? Additionally, will it not hinder our idea of a dApp?

As a simple answer to that, storing data on a blockchain is slow and expensive. We need an additional database to access data off-chain, ensuring that we’re not accessing the chain again and again. To have that decentralization part of it, we use peer-to-peer or P2P databases that store and host all of the data in streams to eliminate centralized database servers, blockchains, or local storage. Think about how your torrents get downloaded!

The Ceramic network is the most common decentralized database provider out there, as I know of personally.

Decentralized File Storage

Like every other application, we need a dedicated file storage system (similar to Amazon S3 for Web2 applications). Databases essentially are tabular data, while file storage is that folder-based data you need to store your large media files. IPFS is the most common P2P file system protocol with excellent community support. Arweave is another option focused on keeping data permanently. You can use platforms like Filecoin, Skynet, Storj, and 0Chain to host these file storage systems.

Authentication in Web3

In my honest opinion, authentication is one of the most essential aspects of Web3. Without logging in users into the smart contract, one cannot access their wallets and make the most straightforward transactions. You should note that signing a transaction enables every interaction with a blockchain.

Looking at traditional login methods in the Web2 world, we have a simple form structure where the user details are stored in a database and cross-checked for verification. Additionally, services like Google & Facebook offer OAuth, enabling access to some basic information to the app directly, making the process seamless. Although this approach is convenient, this cannot be now used in a dApp since you need a private key to sign a transaction.

In Web3, we do not have the user’s data, but actually, we have wallets (which are essentially a wrapper around a private key), wherein cryptographic signatures are used to prove ownership of those blockchain addresses. It is essential to know how to access and interact with a user’s address and private key as a Web3 developer.

The fascinating aspect of owning a blockchain wallet is that once a user loses their private key to the wallet address, no one can recover it for them. This is useful and scary at the same time. There are plenty of stories of crypto millionaires who have lost it all by storing their private keys in a lost hard drive.

Many projects have tried different ways to go around this and help users recover that key, the most common of them being Seed Phrases. The most famous wallet out there, MetaMask, uses the concept of 12 word Mnemonic Phrases, which goes through a BIP39 Algorithm to generate the array of unique wallet addresses and private keys for you stored in your MetaMask account. But then again, remembering 12 randomly generated words in proper order for each wallet account group a user owns is difficult.

While trying to figure out a solution to a lousy UX like this, I encountered Web3Auth, and interestingly enough, I ended up joining them within the next two months. Web3Auth is one of the most popular solutions for new users, bridging the Web2 and Web3 worlds. A simple auth infrastructure that gives those OAuth capabilities to Web3 applications in a self-custodial way for the user. By self custodial, we mean that the user has custody of the key and not the application or Web3Auth. This is done through a unique MPC architecture, and hence the private key is never stored in a single server/ node or method with complete access. Read more about the infrastructure here.

I think it can be a massive thing for a project onboarding process. I would recommend checking it out.

Implementing the Frontend

Many developers might not know, but the frontend technologies for Web3 and Web2 are the same. The only difference is where you need to reimagine the UX of the application because the authentication, processing in the blockchain, and general flow of the application are slightly different from Web2 applications.

I would recommend going on with React & Next.js since most developers are currently using this in the Web3 world. I might be biased, but almost every other project presently features a React integration. If you’re using Webpack 5, make sure that there are certain polyfills you need to take care of while developing an application; the rest of everything is generally the same.

For the client-side backend, things get a bit different. Here is where you need to understand how to interact with the blockchain you’ve created. Web3 Interaction libraries help you with that, but you need to know how they work and interact with the blockchain properly.

Blockchain Interaction (Web3) Libraries and development tools:

Web3 libraries allow you to interact with nodes using HTTP, IPC, or WebSocket. These libraries help developers write intuitive, one-line methods to initialize the JSON RPC requests (under the hood) that interact with whichever chain you’ve chosen.

On Ethereum, some of the Web3 Libraries are Web3.js, Ethers.js, and Light.js. On top of that, many chains have developer tools that provide features that allow for much faster iteration than public testnets. Tools like Ganache, Truffle, Hardhat, and Brownie are examples here.

For starting up with Ethereum development, I’d highly recommend checking out the Remix IDE — it is the best place for a beginner to learn Solidity and Ethereum concepts. You can easily directly interact and test out your code without setting up all these libraries.

Wrapping up

In all, I believe Web3 comes with an exciting opportunity for new developers out there to try out something different and break away from the traditional aspects of software development. At the same time, drawing this comparison and understanding where to start is extremely necessary for anyone looking to build decentralized applications since there will always be a combination of both in the world.

Web3 is here to stay, but this does not mean that the concepts of Web2 are dead. Learning the new tech stack while understanding its key usage and characteristics is the only way a developer can pioneer this new industry.

I hope this blog might have helped you understand some key aspects of how a Web3 app is put together. Please do let me know if I’ve missed or messed something up because I’m still a learner trying out different stuff in this new world :)

For those who missed out on these opportunities, we are excited to announce a new campaign with 1,000 $OP up for grabs. There are no limitations, and the amount is the only metric that matters!

Let’s check more details:

Bridge Campaign

Timeline: 27th, Sept- 8th, Oct

Prize Pool: 1,000 $OP

Request: From/To Optimism, any token, any route.

Distribution:

※ Eligibility:

• All winners’ total bridging amounts have to meet $20,000 threshold. Don’t worry, as this campaign lasts 11 days, if you bridge $2,000 per day, then will meet demand.

• The last №4-№6 reward distribution means, we’ll summarize these 7 winners’ total amount, then will calculate each winner’s amount percentage, eventually multiple 400 $OP will be the reward.

Notice:

1. The campaign rank will be updated in Discord, you can also get support there.

2. Besides, all your transactions will be paid back. You’ll get 10% of your trading value points on reward page, and then transfer the prize, you can check more details here.

3. If you have any problem, feel free to contact us in discord.

Intro

In order to unlock secure and decentralized scaling for Ethereum, Validity Rollups make the verification of batches of transactions vastly more efficient than their naive re-execution. Specialized nodes (called Sequencers) on Layer 2 (L2) bundle transactions into new L2 blocks, while Ethereum mainnet nodes confirm these transactions with minimal effort.

Starknet is a Validity Rollup that leverages the Cairo VM, purposefully designed to optimize the efficiency of Validity proofs. Starknet utilizes STARKs (Scalable, Transparent ARgument of Knowledge) as its proof system, enabling the generation of succinct proofs for complex computations, thus greatly reducing the complexity of on-chain verification processes.

In this blog post, we’ll dive into the different components that make Starknet the most performant L2 by TPS — Cairo VM, CASM, Cairo Zero, Cairo, and Sierra.

Cairo VM

Creating Validity Proofs for general computational programs requires a deep grasp of the complex mathematical principles that underlie STARKs. For every computation, it’s crucial to construct an Algebraic Intermediate Representation (AIR), which comprises a set of polynomial constraints that accurately represent the given computation. Initially coined as “CPU AIR,” Cairo is a virtual CPU and a singular AIR, capable of describing any computation with the same “generic” AIR. The Cairo VM is intentionally tailored for Validity Proof systems and is not constrained by the limitations imposed by the EVM (Ethereum virtual machine).

CASM

CASM (Cairo Assembly) is the machine code that the Cairo VM runs. CASM is translated to polynomial constraints that enforce the correct execution of a program. CASM is a key component in the ecosystem because regardless of what the user sends to the Starknet sequencer, what’s proven is the correct CASM execution.

Cairo Zero, A Breakthrough

Cairo Zero, released in 2020, introduced the world’s first Turing-complete language for creating STARK-provable programs, revolutionizing verifiable computation. Cairo Zero programs were compiled locally into CASM and then sent to the Starknet sequencer. Although groundbreaking, Cairo Zero had a steep learning curve owing to its low-level nature and did not entirely abstract away the underlying cryptographic primitives required to prove the program execution.

Cairo: Cairo Zero, but Better

Cairo (now v2.1.1) overcomes the limitations of Cairo Zero, promising safer, more efficient contract writing. Cairo greatly improves the developer experience with a Rust-like syntax and by abstracting away the limitations that were present in Cairo Zero (e.g. write once memory).Cairo brings modern programming concepts from the rust world, such as trait/impls, generics, enum matching, without compromising the efficiency of proof generation that is brought about by the underlying CairoVM.

Sierra

With Cairo, came Sierra. Sierra serves as an intermediate representation between Cairo and CASM. This additional layer ensures that user code remains provable in all cases. Sierra compiles down to “safe CASM,” a subset of CASM that is guaranteed to be provable for all inputs. This intermediate layer between user code and proven code is crucial in protecting the Starknet sequencer from DOS in the form of unprovable transactions.

A perhaps surprising benefit of Sierra is, that thanks to this simple intermediate representation, Starknet sequencers may eventually run on native hardware directly instead of going through the CairoVM. To illustrate the power of sequencers executing Sierra, consider the following example: one can use type information from Sierra to work with native types (e.g. u32) instead of working in the prime field of the CairoVM.

Conclusion

Cairo builds upon the foundation laid by CairoVM to revolutionize verifiable computation. With a Rust-like syntax and modern programming languages features, Cairo greatly enhances the developer experience, simplifying contract writing and reducing the chance for bugs. Cairo emerges as a powerful tool driving decentralized innovation.

🔥What is Gitcoin Passport ?

• Gitcoin Passport is an anti-sybil verification assigned to a specific wallet on the blockchain and based on its on-chain and social activities.

• This is the tool that should help projects to more accurately separate users into ordinary and Sybil.

• Most likely, the next airdrops, starting with LayerZero_Labs , will be distributed taking into account the user’s Gitcoin Passport.

• Verify every stamp that you could.

  • It’s mostly about connecting your social account like Twitter, Facebook, Discord, Github etc. to your Passport.

  • It checks if you have ENS domain, some POAPs, NFTs, participation in snapshot voting, Lens Profile, interaction with zkSync, KYC verification via BrightID etc.

  • 🔥Disadvantages of Gitcoin Passport

    1. Ordinary users look like Sybils. ( Only fucking geeks have 100+ transactions on the Ethereum network, lots of POAPs & OATs, hold multiple NFT bluechips, and are constantly transacting on different blockchains.

    It’s their lifestyle & they mostly hunt for airdrops. The average user cannot afford to “touch” a new protocol, add liquidity to the pool, or stake tokens as often. Most use crypto to save themselves from the inflation of their national currency .

    Sybils are well aware of the criteria by which activity is tracked in the blockchain. These are not stupid guys. They understand what needs to be done to look more legit than an actually legit user. )

    1. Projects need Sybil actors. ( In terms of marketing and statistics, Sybil users give a huge boost to business activity.

    Projects earn huge amounts of money from fees spent by Sybil users, brag to investors about financial success and close new rounds of investment. )

    1. There may be several competing verification services. ( Gitcoin Passport is currently the most well-known solution for on-chain verification , But this is not a monopoly, there will be a new service with better capabilities.

Arbitrum 官方在 4 月 12 日发布了Odyssey奥德赛活动（现已暂停）公告。这是个为期 2 个月活动，目的是让更多用户在 Arbitrum 上探索 DeFi/NFT/GameFi 生态系统。

9 月 21 日，Layer2 项目 Optimism 官方宣布，将与 NFT 凭证平台 Galxe（原 Project Galaxy）联合发起一项名为“Optimism Quests”的生态引导活动（简单来说就是做任务获得NFT），以加深用户对 Optimism 上生态内项目的了解与使用。实际上我们可以看到，这就是一个类似“Arbitrum Odyssey”的活动，而optimism和arbitrum同为layer 2的竞争对手，其活动奖励令人遐想。

转：

https://mirror.xyz/chaozuoye.eth/pgcSQHlJ-Y1lMF_fSJc-mzp9q8anXbwJ8Qy_4YN3OOE

官方明确说明百分之10用于测试活动空投

https://mirror.xyz/0x967e0E40FDCE88A36ca9E6e243fC9BfA11545c6E/01QcYsxiGyGwc0DgERdnfetTZjKvGSHfrHhYBbkg294

目前推出Sismo GitHub Stargazer ZK Badge可領取

转：

https://mirror.xyz/0x1eFF7D6051185aDABD747a7b7E26d22078c9Cb8b/9O3W9nV6dnDttfoHlnKZipR3xbgv4Dv0PfojQjbaKIY

Costellation得到了顶级风投红杉资本的投资。

转：

https://mirror.xyz/0x891dDE39445f54bc6f1b73e89398f96e7851B4ba/2AQ38jE6L-hUdVb0idz0UsG8EGco5GKds48HC9ONVYU