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With the introduction of a comprehensive registration system, the regulation of listed companies in the regulatory sector has been changed from pre-emptive approval to more focused and ex post facto regulation. The role of the door-to-doors of intermediaries such as securities companies, accountants, etc. is further highlighted, as is the position of the first duty-bearer of the listed company.

In fact, since the enactment of the new Securities Act, there has been a series of changes in the protection of the interests of investors and the preservation of their rights, which have been re-emphasized in the overall registration system.

The current protection and defence of the rights of small and medium-sized investors has three main features: first, the increasing amount claimed as the representative litigation system has been in place, with a significant increase in the number of investors involved in the claims. In the past few single cases, hundreds of people have been involved and have now grown to tens of thousands; the amount of litigation has risen from tens of trillion dollars to 100 million yuan renminbi or even a billion yuan renminbi. In the case of the Pan American Pharmaceuticals claim, more than 20,000 persons took part in the proceedings, amounting to over $2.4 billion.

Secondly, the area of investor rights extends from equity to bonds. The five-ocean debt claims case is a typical case of a bonded market. At the same time, foreign-market companies have been incorporated into investor-based rights. Fortunately, the Swiss coffee claim is the first case after the new securities law was enacted by Chinese investors in the prosecution of foreign-owned companies.

Thirdly, the defendant in the investor-in-law case is no longer limited to listed companies but extends to intermediaries. In the case of financial forgery, disclosure of information, in addition to the company listed and its superiors, securities companies, accountants and lawyers are increasingly accused. There has also been a significant increase in the number of cases in which intermediaries have joint liability. In the view of the writers, legal responsibility could be transferred to the relevant subjects through these jurisprudence, which would further enhance the legal awareness and accountability of intermediaries. This has contributed to improving the quality of disclosure of publicly available company information and reducing financial leave incidents.

These changes are accelerated agents, helpers, for healthy and orderly development of capital markets. The system of litigation should be further refined to allow small and medium-sized investors to face grievances and to be heard in a timely manner. At the same time, anti-violation systems in the area of capital markets still have some short-term features that need to be given high priority.

One striking feature is that in recent years there have been a number of illegal securities consultancy cases, which have caused considerable harm to small and medium-sized investors. Even qualified advisory bodies are engaged in misleading and defrauding investors. The sale of the “currents investment course” through social short video channels has also led to the manufacture of small and medium-sized investors. As a result, investors have suffered losses, and it is more difficult to obtain evidence. It is hoped that research will be conducted on these shortlist areas to expedite the establishment of mechanisms to protect the legitimate interests of small and medium-sized investors.

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There are 790 species of wild animals (terrestrial wild vertebrates) in Zhejiang Province, accounting for about 30% of the total in China, including 192 species of national first-class and second-class protected animals, such as Chinese Crested Tern, South China Sika deer and black muntjac, which are rare and endangered wild animals with Zhejiang as the main distribution area; There are more than 6100 species of higher plants, accounting for about 17% of the total in China, including 115 species of wild plants under national first-class and second-class key protection, and more than 200 endemic species in Zhejiang, including well-known star species such as Baishanzu fir, Putuo hornbeam and Tianmu Ironwood.

In recent years, Zhejiang Province has promoted the sustainable recovery and growth of wild animal and plant species through the implementation of a series of measures such as rescue and protection of rare and endangered wild animals and plants, and all wild animal and plant protection work is at the forefront of the country.

Today, let’s take a look at the rescue and protection of 10 representative rare wild animals and plants in Zhejiang Province!

1。 “Oriental gem” Crested Ibis -- a national first-class protected wild animal.

In 1981, only seven Crested Ibis remaining in the world were found in Shaanxi. Zhejiang, once the distribution place of Crested Ibis in history, has disappeared since the 1950s and 1960s. Zhejiang Province introduced 5 pairs of 10 Crested Ibis in 2008. At present, 571 Crested Ibis have been successfully expanded, including 212 in the wild.

Photo by Yu Xiaojian of Crested Ibis

2。 “Mythical bird” Chinese Crested Tern -- a national first-class protected wild animal

At present, the global population is no more than 150. Zhejiang Province has implemented the recruitment and population restoration of Chinese Crested Tern since 2013. In 2021, 37 chicks were successfully bred, and the population reached 130. The same period monitoring in recent years shows that the number of adult Chinese crested terns in Xiangshan and Dinghai has accounted for nearly 85% of the known populations in the world.

Provided by fan Zhongyong, Chinese Crested Tern

3。 “Living fossil” Chinese alligator -- a national first-class protected wild animal.

Chinese endemic species is the most endangered and threatened species among the 23 crocodiles in the world. In 1979, our province established a Chinese alligator reserve in Changxing, and in May 2007, the provincial government approved the establishment of a provincial nature reserve. After more than 40 years of development, the number of populations has increased from 11 to 8406.

Chinese alligator Changxing Chinese alligator Provincial Nature Reserve

4。 “Forest spirit” South China Sika Deer -- a national first-class protected wild animal.

In the early 1990s, there were only more than 80 heads at least. Zhejiang Province established a population breeding base in Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve. At present, there are more than 350 wild populations in Zhejiang Province. Through artificial breeding and field release technology, 49 heads have been successfully released in the field.

South China Sika Deer Zhang Shuyan

5。 “Armored warrior” Chinese Pangolin - national first-class protected wild animals.

IUCN is assessed as extremely dangerous (CR) in the red list. Our province is the province with the largest historical distribution area and wild population of pangolin in China. According to the latest survey in Zhejiang Province, there are 39 low hills and Chuanjia mountain areas, which are mainly confirmed in 2021. In 2021, the province established a Chinese Pangolin rescue and breeding base.

Chinese Pangolin Zhou Jiajun

6。 “Giant panda in bird” Chinese merganser - a national first-class protected wild animal.

Chinese merganser is an ancient species left over from the end of the tertiary glacier. It has a history of more than 10 million years. It is a rare bird in China. According to the latest estimate, there are only less than 5000 Chinese merganser in the world. It is known as “living fossil in water” and “giant panda in bird”. It is also known as “national duck” because of its name of “China”. During the “14th five year plan” period, the Provincial Forestry Bureau will start the province’s Chinese merganser protection project, carry out population investigation and monitoring, protect and repair habitats, and set up a Chinese merganser habitat protection site and a protection observation station in Songyang county.

Provided by natural resources and Planning Bureau of Songyang County

7。 Abies Baishanzu, a “giant panda”, is a wild plant under first-class national protection.

It is endemic to Zhejiang. At present, there are only three adult wild plants in the world, which are distributed in the mountains and forests with an altitude of more than 1700 meters in Qingyuan, Zhejiang Province. The tissue culture seedlings propagated by embryo technology have achieved initial success; More than 4000 seedlings have been bred, and some have returned to the original environment of Baishanzu for planting; Three field population restoration bases with a total area of 40 mu have been established.

Baishanzu fir is provided by Baishan National Nature Reserve

8。 Putuo hornbeam, the only son of the earth, is a wild plant under national first-class protection.

It is an endemic species in Zhejiang Province. At present, only one protomother tree has survived in Putuo Mountain. So far, the tree has been more than 250 years old. Since the 1980s, it has been committed to rescue and protection. At present, the seedling raising of offspring has reached more than 20000 plants; The field regression experiment has been carried out in Putuo mountain island, and the total number of returned and colonized plants has reached 4000, which has preliminarily alleviated the endangered state of Putuo hornbeam.

Putuo hornbeam is provided by Zhoushan Academy of agriculture and Forestry Sciences

9。 Magnolia Jingning -- a key protected wild plant in Zhejiang Province

Zhejiang endemic species, the current wild population size is less than 1000 clumps. Through the implementation of the rescue and protection project of Jingning magnolia, primary land protection areas, seedling breeding nurseries and seedling greenhouses have been established in Songyang and Jingning, and more than 1000 seedlings have been cultivated; More than 3000 grafted seedlings survived; The field regression experiment was carried out, and a total of more than 1500 plants were regressed.

Provided by the natural resources and Planning Bureau of Jingning Mulan Songyang County

10。 Tianmu Tiemu - a national first-class protected wild plant.

There are only 5 endemic species in Zhejiang, which are distributed in xitianmu mountain, Lin’an City, Western Zhejiang. Tissue culture, grafting and cutting experiments have been carried out, and more than 6000 seedlings have been bred; Ex situ conservation experiments have been carried out in the province and in Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan, Hubei, Shandong and other places.

Provided by Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration

Orange persimmon interactive reporter Chen Wenlong

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FPX. Doinb @ doinb Jingu, officially disconnected from today.

Since December 14, 2018, Jin taixiang, you have accompanied FPX for three years. White Colts cross the gap and walk hand in hand. We move forward and share weal and woe. During the game, you, who are good at wandering and supporting, appear in every place where your teammates need you and cut the enemy at the right time. What we have witnessed is not only the firmness of heroes on the stage, the bravery of furious knights in fearless charge, the determination of Titan’s anger in deep-sea impact, but also the encouragement, enterprising and hope brought by a seasoned captain to FPX; The so-called Guankou, every word belongs to the medal of professional player doinb.

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Recently, in a research report published in PLoS Biology, an international journal, entitled “camptothecin effective treatments obesity in mice through GDF15 induction”, scientists from Northwest University of agriculture and forestry science and technology and other institutions found that an antitumor drug may promote weight loss in mice by activating a natural signal pathway to inhibit hunger, The relevant research results may provide new ideas and hope for the development of new therapies to resist obesity.

Model of anti obesity effect of Camptothecin on obese mice.

Source: Jun Feng Lu (CC by 4.0, creativecommons. Org / licenses / by / 4.0 /)

Previous studies have shown that the body’s response to GDF15, a specific hormone, can lead to a decline in the body’s weight cycle, including GDF15. In order to find a drug that can increase the production of GDF15, the researchers turned to the “connectivity map”, a database of gene expression in human cells that can respond to drug exposure. The researchers found that cells exposed to the drug camptothecin, which comes from camptothecin trees in Asia, can increase the expression of GDF15, It is a known inhibitor of DNA repair enzymes, so it can be used as an antitumor drug.

In obese mice, oral camptothecin may rapidly increase the level of GDF15 in the blood. During the 30 day study, it can reduce the body’s food intake by about 12% and reduce the body weight by about 11%. On the contrary, camptothecin can not increase the level of GDF15 in lean mice, It also had no effect on food intake or body weight of the mice. The researchers said that the effect of camptothecin is very special for GDF15, and GDF15 can exert its effect through the receptor gfral. Because the antibody against gfral can prevent body weight loss, so can knockout receptor gfral.

At present, camptothecin has been deeply studied in many anti-cancer trials, but it was finally shelved due to its safety. Researcher Wu said that its safety as an anti obesity drug needs to be confirmed by further research. If the dose used in this study is extended to humans, it will be about one thirtieth of the lowest dose used in human anti-cancer trials. In addition, the anti obesity mechanism seems to be separated from the anti-cancer mechanism, which mainly involves blocking the function of DNA repair enzyme topoisomerase and can play a role at lower drug concentrations.

The researchers believe that the results of this study can convincingly demonstrate that camptothecin may have a certain therapeutic potential for obesity and its related metabolic syndrome. In the later stage, further research is still needed to evaluate its efficiency and safety in a higher-level model, so as to increase its transformation efficiency.

Researcher Wu added that in this study, we found that camptothecin, previously recognized by the National Cancer Institute as an antitumor drug, may be an inducer of GDF15. Camptothecin can increase GDF15 circulating in the body by activating ISR signaling pathway in the liver, thus activating GDF15 receptor gfral in the hindbrain, Finally, it will inhibit the food intake of obese mice and reduce their body weight.

In conclusion, the results of this study show that camptothecin may be expected to play a role as an anti obesity agent by activating gdf15-gfral pathway.

Original source: Jun Feng Lu, Meng Qing Zhu, Bao Cai Xie, et al. Camptothecin effective treatments objectivity in mice through GDF15 induction PLoS Biol 20(2):e3001517. doi：10.1371/journal. pbio. three million one thousand five hundred and seventeen