Official Twitter: twitter.com/SwaapFinance

2、swaap discord

https://discord.gg/6BxW5eg5

Its unique matrix market maker (MMM) solves impermanent losses, achieves high APYs (annual interest rate) and improves capital security

The testnet is currently working on the Ethereum Rinkeby Network.

1. How to conduct the test (1) First receive the Ethereum test currency as Gas

The first one below is the official faucet. The process is relatively simple, so I won't go into details here.

https://faucet.rinkeby.io/

(2) Start the test

Swaap testnet address

https://alpha.swaap.finance/

Get official test tokens first

Enter the value as shown

(3) Pool (liquidity)

Click to join

(4) Swap (exchange)

Enter amount, select token

Click "My" to see the liquidity you provide

The end of the test tutorial

My twitter and discord, thanks for following

Twitter: @yunmu626

Discord：luckybaby.eth#6397

Bend（Twitter：https ://twitter.com/BendDAO ）是一个 NFT 支持的借贷协议，用户可以作为存款人或借款人参与其中。存款人向贷款池提供 ETH 流动性以赚取利息，而借款人可以使用 NFT 作为抵押品通过贷款池借出 ETH。

![规则 Bend 正在向整个 NFT 社区空投 50,000,000 $BEND（占 BEND 总供应量的 5%）。阅读此处了解详细信息。

具体来说，空投的一部分将转到 100 boundNFT OG。在 Bend 测试网上尝试由 NFT 支持的即时贷款的测试人员将获得 Discord 上的 OG 角色。boundNFT OG 角色将于 UTC 时间 3 月 21 日上午 8 点关闭。

指导

入门：

从您的钱包连接到 Ethereum Rinkeby 测试网，并从下面的任何水龙头获取您的测试网 ETH。](https://images.mirror-media.xyz/publication-images/gN_1N1pg2R5B4IeBXyQZx.jpeg?height=480&width=960)

https://zlexdl.notion.site/595b109ca1214ec2aa43ddafd6679982?v=f0c7d9cac5bf48f9b95813535279a6c0

第1步：

钱包切换到Rinkeby 测试网后, 转到https://www.benddao.xyz/app/dashboard并连接你的钱包。然后单击“转到 NFT 水龙头”。

第2步：

现在从下拉菜单中选择一个 NFT 集合。

在这里，您必须找到尚未铸造的令牌 ID。只需输入随机的 4 位数字，直到找到没有铸造过的令牌ID。

如果您选择了已经铸造过的令牌 ID，您将看到这一点。

继续尝试，直到您成功铸造 NFT。

第 3 步：

等一会之后,转到“Borrow”标签页。你会看到你新铸造的 NFT。使用 NFT 作为抵押可以借出一些 ETH。

先授权, 点击 Approve.

然后填写你要借出的ETH.

借出成功

第四步：

现在加入 discord首先验证并加入服务器。

然后转到**#collabland-join** 并验证您的钱包。

验证您的钱包。

之后，您将获得 boundNFT OG 角色。

第 5 步：

最后

https://giv.gg/r/Ox1XY6-YrtzDu

在完成任务，参与抽奖100个空投名额。抓紧。

It was formerly known as Republic Protocol and originally wanted to be a “dark pool'' decentralized exchange project. A “dark pool” is considered to be an exchange in which financial assets are first matched and then traded on an order book that is private. 

REN tokens were originally used to pay for transactional fees and used as a bond by those running the Darknodes. The protocol rebranded itself in 2019 and focused on being a DeFi interoperability solution. Ever since then, REN is mainly used as a bond to operate the Darknodes. Darknodes function similarly to a validator node on a proof of stake blockchain.   

What problems does RenVM solve?

One of the major benefits that RenVM offers to the Ethereum network and DeFi sector is liquidity. Currently, there are plenty of bitcoin sitting around in users’ wallets and not earning any returns. With RenVM, there is a value exchange bridge for users to convert their bitcoin into an ERC-20 token equivalent. 

This ERC-20 token representing bitcoin is known as renBTC and can then be used on a wide selection of DeFi applications on Ethereum which includes features like lending, borrowing, trading and more. 

This is why we tend to think of NFTs as undeniable proof of ownership. Slowly, we are even seeing physical goods being tokenized on the blockchain (like luxury watch certificates, birth certificates or concert tickets).

One thing is for sure, it is gaining a lot of attention and attention all over the world:

Google Trends data for the term "NFT" in 2021

Why we absolutely need censorship-resistant technology:

The decentralized nature of blockchain technology and NFTs provides individuals with assurance that no single authority can delete or change ownership of their assets, which has historically been virtually impossible.

Seerlight's Censorship-Resistant Art

Classification of NFTs

Generally, NFTs can be divided into two main categories:

Art NFTs - NFTs that gain value based purely on aesthetic or emotional appeals (such as artwork or collectibles).

Utility NFTs – Deriving value from utility and functionality, they can also have dynamic properties that change according to certain criteria.

Some tokens can be a mix of design and utility, which is probably the route many tokens take.

We have seen some NFT implementations, however, the true potential of the technology has yet to be realized.

Let's point out some other industries that may benefit from NFTs:

Gaming - With the gaming industry expected to be valued at $256 billion by 2025 and the number of "gamers" to reach 2.5 billion, owning digital in-game assets will be a game changer. A pioneer in this area was Axie Infinity, which had a 2 million player base at the peak of its cycle. Other competitors keep popping up, and this innovation has even caught the attention of the big traditional game companies. Yosuke Matsuda, president of square Enix, showed great interest in the concept of NFT games and the metaverse, and in his New Year's letter, Unisoft launched their dedicated NFT gaming platform - Quartz and other big game companies are testing the waters.

Fashion - For many brands and consumers, accepting tokenized, instantly verifiable certificates of authenticity on the blockchain will be an attractive implementation when purchasing luxury goods, with some luxury brands even launching created a digital clothing line for customers to "wear" using augmented reality technology. Burberry has partnered with the popular blockchain game Blankos to release a Burberry built-in skin exclusively for their users. Fashion luxury brand RTFKT teamed up with Nike and Snapchat to create sneaker filters for Snapchat users, and Gucci teamed up with SuperPlastic to launch a collection called "SuperGucci" that offers NFT users an authentic 8-inch sculpture. Louis Vuitton created an NFT game.

Music - Tokenizing one's music, shifting control from the big labels and streaming platforms to the artists and their fans. Pop rock group Kings of Leon sold a limited-edition digital copy of their latest album "When You See Yourself" as an NFT on YellowHeart, and singer Grimes sold not only music, but also a full-scale artistic experience of blockchain projects such as NiftyGateway and Audius, It's going head-to-head with conglomerates like spotify and Apple Music.

We can expect NFTs to integrate seamlessly into every other area, from healthcare to voting, ticketing, banking, decentralized identity, and more, to the point that most non-technical users use some form or other of NFTs without realizing it. form of technology.

Build bridges, not walls - blockchain's path to a borderless metaverse.

If you've ever asked in any online community how to transfer your digital assets from one blockchain to another, the answer you've likely gotten is "bridge it". In fact, a stable bridging ecosystem is a key success factor for a fully interoperable metaverse.

Let's explore the concept of "bridging" in more depth.

Blockchain technology has come a long way since the release of the Bitcoin white paper in 2008. Since then, we have experienced an explosion of new blockchains. As these networks grow in number, they remain largely isolated from each other, like isolated islands. This fragmented network structure is looking for innovation, and some have found the right answer - blockchain interoperability.

Blockchain interoperability describes the implementation of mechanisms that allow two ledgers to exchange value or information with each other. One way to achieve blockchain interoperability between networks is to implement bridges, which act as intermediaries between networks.

This is why we tend to think of NFTs as undeniable proof of ownership. Slowly, we are even seeing physical goods being tokenized on the blockchain (like luxury watch certificates, birth certificates or concert tickets).

One thing is for sure, it is gaining a lot of attention and attention all over the world:

Google Trends data for the term "NFT" in 2021

Why we absolutely need censorship-resistant technology:

The decentralized nature of blockchain technology and NFTs provides individuals with assurance that no single authority can delete or change ownership of their assets, which has historically been virtually impossible.

Seerlight's Censorship-Resistant Art

Classification of NFTs

Generally, NFTs can be divided into two main categories:

Art NFTs - NFTs that gain value based purely on aesthetic or emotional appeals (such as artwork or collectibles).

Utility NFTs – Deriving value from utility and functionality, they can also have dynamic properties that change according to certain criteria.

Some tokens can be a mix of design and utility, which is probably the route many tokens take.

We have seen some NFT implementations, however, the true potential of the technology has yet to be realized.

Let's point out some other industries that may benefit from NFTs:

Gaming - With the gaming industry expected to be valued at $256 billion by 2025 and the number of "gamers" to reach 2.5 billion, owning digital in-game assets will be a game changer. A pioneer in this area was Axie Infinity, which had a 2 million player base at the peak of its cycle. Other competitors keep popping up, and this innovation has even caught the attention of the big traditional game companies. Yosuke Matsuda, president of square Enix, showed great interest in the concept of NFT games and the metaverse, and in his New Year's letter, Unisoft launched their dedicated NFT gaming platform - Quartz and other big game companies are testing the waters.

Fashion - For many brands and consumers, accepting tokenized, instantly verifiable certificates of authenticity on the blockchain will be an attractive implementation when purchasing luxury goods, with some luxury brands even launching created a digital clothing line for customers to "wear" using augmented reality technology. Burberry has partnered with the popular blockchain game Blankos to release a Burberry built-in skin exclusively for their users. Fashion luxury brand RTFKT teamed up with Nike and Snapchat to create sneaker filters for Snapchat users, and Gucci teamed up with SuperPlastic to launch a collection called "SuperGucci" that offers NFT users an authentic 8-inch sculpture. Louis Vuitton created an NFT game.

Music - Tokenizing one's music, shifting control from the big labels and streaming platforms to the artists and their fans. Pop rock group Kings of Leon sold a limited-edition digital copy of their latest album "When You See Yourself" as an NFT on YellowHeart, and singer Grimes sold not only music, but also a full-scale artistic experience of blockchain projects such as NiftyGateway and Audius, It's going head-to-head with conglomerates like spotify and Apple Music.

We can expect NFTs to integrate seamlessly into every other area, from healthcare to voting, ticketing, banking, decentralized identity, and more, to the point that most non-technical users use some form or other of NFTs without realizing it. form of technology.

Build bridges, not walls - blockchain's path to a borderless metaverse.

If you've ever asked in any online community how to transfer your digital assets from one blockchain to another, the answer you've likely gotten is "bridge it". In fact, a stable bridging ecosystem is a key success factor for a fully interoperable metaverse.

Let's explore the concept of "bridging" in more depth.

Blockchain technology has come a long way since the release of the Bitcoin white paper in 2008. Since then, we have experienced an explosion of new blockchains. As these networks grow in number, they remain largely isolated from each other, like isolated islands. This fragmented network structure is looking for innovation, and some have found the right answer - blockchain interoperability.

Blockchain interoperability describes the implementation of mechanisms that allow two ledgers to exchange value or information with each other. One way to achieve blockchain interoperability between networks is to implement bridges, which act as intermediaries between networks.

Maker DAO uses several purpose-built ERC-20 tokens to ensure the stability of the DAI stablecoin. This article describes the roles and usage patterns of Bloxy.info-based token streaming tools.

The Maker DAO system is composed of multiple smart contracts (Sai ​​Tap, Sai Tub, Vox, Medianiser, etc.) and ERC-20 tokens. Together, they ensure the stability of DAI tokens.

In this post, we mainly focus on how tokens are turned around and used. The diagram below shows the main token flow turnover and how smart contracts are used to convert one token into another:

Maker DAO Token Liquidity Turnover and How Smart Contracts Are Used

In the image above, tokens are shown as circles, while smart contracts and their entities are shown as rounded rectangles. The arrows on the graph represent the way that using these smart contracts, you can convert balances from one token to another.

For example, calling join() will remove WETH tokens from you and give you the appropriate amount of PETH tokens.

The left side of the diagram shows the tokens associated with Ethereum:

ETH: It is not directly used in the Maker DAO system by itself. If you originally had ETH (like most of us), you must first convert it into a WETH ("ETHWrapped ETH") token.

WETH: It is a one-to-one mapping of ETH, but exists as an ERC-20 token. At any time, you can exchange ETH for WETH, or vice versa. The downside is that each such transition costs fuel. PETH: short for "Pooled ETHPooled Ether". You get this token when you deposit WETH into Maker DAO. Note that it's not exactly one-to-one, its exchange rate is calculated. DAI: MakerDAO's stablecoin, expected to be close to $1. When you generate a loan with CDP, it creates DAI for you. SIN: Represents liquidated debt. Its value is equal to 1 DAI and is used in the debt settlement process instead of DAI. MKR: Token used to pay commissions (via the erasure method) when paying debts. Sai Tub Smart Contract: Collateralized Debt Position (CDP) system. CDP is your debt in DAI generated after staking PETH. Most of Maker DAO's operations are done using it. Sai Tap Smart Contract: Can be used to liquidate debt and generate profit from it. There are many ways to use Maker DAO smart contracts, the following table categorizes the main ones:

How to use Maker DAO smart contract

Most of the methods operate using the tokens we listed above, with the CDP as an entity inside Sai Tub. A more detailed description of these methods can be found in the Maker DAO Transaction Diagram article.

The material below is a dashboard based on the Bloxy.info token turnover tool and Maker DAO analytics.

The Bloxy.info website provides a suite of tools for analysts, traders, companies and crypto enthusiasts.

These tools include APIs, dashboards, and search engines, all available on-site, providing accurate data, indexed directly from blockchain real-time nodes.

Bloxy's mission is to make blockchain more transparent and accessible to people and businesses alike.

Please indicate the source of the data when citing this article.

Our goal is to match the smart contract code and the chart above with actual token turnover and user actions on these tokens. We will investigate each of these tokens from different perspectives using our tools and analytics.

The first token we’re going to look at is…

WETH explained on the weth.io website. WETH is called "Wrapped ETHWrapped ETH" and can be used in place of ETH where ERC-20 tokens are required. The first thing that comes to our mind is the decentralized exchange (DEX). Generally, DEX protocols prefer to use ERC20 tokens as assets between buyers and sellers, and cannot use ETH directly. So you first wrap your ETH into WETH, and the exchanged WETH can be exchanged for ETH.

This token was launched at the same time as the Maker DAO protocol in December 2017. Note that its largest holder is the Maker DAO smart contract:

The largest holder of WETH

The intersection of the owner with other tokens also shows the Maker DAO token:

Co-holder related tokens, source: bloxy.info

This high WETH balance on the Maker DAO Sai Tub smart contract is due to users depositing WETH into Maker DAO's Sai Tub smart contract for later CDP creation. We analyzed the dynamic MakerDAO dashboard during this process:

Amount locked in WETH, deposits and withdrawals. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

As can be seen from this chart, on May 10, 2019, the amount of WETH locked was around 2 million ETH (orange line), while the total amount created was over 4 million ETH.

How many people participated in this activity? The number of traders can be estimated by the log of exit/join transactions initiated on the Sai Tub smart contract by unique addresses:

Unique address count, lock and release WETH on Maker DAO smart contracts. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

Trader behavior is represented by the amount of WETH locked and released each month:

The amount of WETH locked and released each month. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

The two columns on the right side of the graph show that before April 2019, when more people started locking and releasing WETH from the Maker DAO, the trend in the amount locked and released was fairly symmetrical. That in turn could lead to a reduction in the amount of WETH in the Maker DAO.

So the question is, can it be used anywhere but Maker DAO?

The answer is yes. First of all, it is very active in ZeroX and Oasis (matching market) exchanges, the picture below is the WETH trading page shown in bloxyinfo.

The Token Turnover Tool shows the main flow of WETH:

The main WETH turnaround route. Source: bloxy.info

As you can see, the WETH token has several "centers of gravity":

1. MakerDAI's Sai Tub contract 2. Exchanges such as Oasis, DDEX, etc. 3. ZeroX (does not involve transfers, so it is not clearly shown on this chart)

Let's take the WETH trade of one of the most active traders on a DEX (decentralized exchange) as an example:

Multi-party trade of WETH/DAI trading pair on DEX. Source: bloxy.info

WETH trading is not just for DAI, here are the top 10 trading pairs on DEX exchanges:

Top 10 WETH trading pairs on DEX. Source: bloxy.info DEX API

PETH stands for ETH, which you put in the Maker DAO smart contract to create DAI debt in the future. Its rate to WETH is equal to:

PETH = WETH * (Total PETH supply) / (WETH balance )

It is now equal to 1.04 because a portion of PETH is destroyed due to debt liquidation. As the graph shows, this number increases over time:

Rates and profits associated with PETH/WETH. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

The change in the PETH/WETH rate creates an Annual Percentage Rate (APR) and profit for users who entered early and traded PETH for WETH, with their total profit estimated to be around 80,000 ETH.

PETH is not tradable on DEXs and appears to be used internally only as Maker DAO's infrastructure.

The token turnover below shows that the main PETH turnover is the transfer between Sai Tub smart contracts. Part of the turnover then goes to Sai Tap (in the case of debt liquidation), or to the system address (for destruction):

Maker DAO uses several purpose-built ERC-20 tokens to ensure the stability of the DAI stablecoin. This article describes the roles and usage patterns of Bloxy.info-based token streaming tools.

The Maker DAO system is composed of multiple smart contracts (Sai ​​Tap, Sai Tub, Vox, Medianiser, etc.) and ERC-20 tokens. Together, they ensure the stability of DAI tokens.

In this post, we mainly focus on how tokens are turned around and used. The diagram below shows the main token flow turnover and how smart contracts are used to convert one token into another:

Maker DAO Token Liquidity Turnover and How Smart Contracts Are Used

In the image above, tokens are shown as circles, while smart contracts and their entities are shown as rounded rectangles. The arrows on the graph represent the way that using these smart contracts, you can convert balances from one token to another.

For example, calling join() will remove WETH tokens from you and give you the appropriate amount of PETH tokens.

The left side of the diagram shows the tokens associated with Ethereum:

ETH: It is not directly used in the Maker DAO system by itself. If you originally had ETH (like most of us), you must first convert it into a WETH ("ETHWrapped ETH") token. WETH: It is a one-to-one mapping of ETH, but exists as an ERC-20 token. At any time, you can exchange ETH for WETH, or vice versa. The downside is that each such transition costs fuel. PETH: short for "Pooled ETHPooled Ether". You get this token when you deposit WETH into Maker DAO. Note that it's not exactly one-to-one, its exchange rate is calculated. DAI: MakerDAO's stablecoin, expected to be close to $1. When you generate a loan with CDP, it creates DAI for you. SIN: Represents liquidated debt. Its value is equal to 1 DAI and is used in the debt settlement process instead of DAI. MKR: Token used to pay commissions (via the erasure method) when paying debts. Sai Tub Smart Contract: Collateralized Debt Position (CDP) system. CDP is your debt in DAI generated after staking PETH. Most of Maker DAO's operations are done using it. Sai Tap Smart Contract: Can be used to liquidate debt and generate profit from it. There are many ways to use Maker DAO smart contracts, the following table categorizes the main ones:

How to use Maker DAO smart contract

Most of the methods operate using the tokens we listed above, with the CDP as an entity inside Sai Tub. A more detailed description of these methods can be found in the Maker DAO Transaction Diagram article.

The material below is a dashboard based on the Bloxy.info token turnover tool and Maker DAO analytics.

The Bloxy.info website provides a suite of tools for analysts, traders, companies and crypto enthusiasts.

These tools include APIs, dashboards, and search engines, all available on-site, providing accurate data, indexed directly from blockchain real-time nodes.

Bloxy's mission is to make blockchain more transparent and accessible to people and businesses alike.

Please indicate the source of the data when citing this article.

Our goal is to match the smart contract code and the chart above with actual token turnover and user actions on these tokens. We will investigate each of these tokens from different perspectives using our tools and analytics.

The first token we’re going to look at is…

WETH explained on the weth.io website. WETH is called "Wrapped ETHWrapped ETH" and can be used in place of ETH where ERC-20 tokens are required. The first thing that comes to our mind is the decentralized exchange (DEX). Generally, DEX protocols prefer to use ERC20 tokens as assets between buyers and sellers, and cannot use ETH directly. So you first wrap your ETH into WETH, and the exchanged WETH can be exchanged for ETH.

This token was launched at the same time as the Maker DAO protocol in December 2017. Note that its largest holder is the Maker DAO smart contract:

The largest holder of WETH

The intersection of the owner with other tokens also shows the Maker DAO token:

Co-holder related tokens, source: bloxy.info

This high WETH balance on the Maker DAO Sai Tub smart contract is due to users depositing WETH into Maker DAO's Sai Tub smart contract for later CDP creation. We analyzed the dynamic MakerDAO dashboard during this process:

Amount locked in WETH, deposits and withdrawals. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

As can be seen from this chart, on May 10, 2019, the amount of WETH locked was around 2 million ETH (orange line), while the total amount created was over 4 million ETH.

How many people participated in this activity? The number of traders can be estimated by the log of exit/join transactions initiated on the Sai Tub smart contract by unique addresses:

Unique address count, lock and release WETH on Maker DAO smart contracts. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

Trader behavior is represented by the amount of WETH locked and released each month:

The amount of WETH locked and released each month. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

The two columns on the right side of the graph show that before April 2019, when more people started locking and releasing WETH from the Maker DAO, the trend in the amount locked and released was fairly symmetrical. That in turn could lead to a reduction in the amount of WETH in the Maker DAO.

So the question is, can it be used anywhere but Maker DAO?

The answer is yes. First of all, it is very active in ZeroX and Oasis (matching market) exchanges, the picture below is the WETH trading page shown in bloxyinfo.

The Token Turnover Tool shows the main flow of WETH:

The main WETH turnaround route. Source: bloxy.info

As you can see, the WETH token has several "centers of gravity":

1. MakerDAI's Sai Tub contract 2. Exchanges such as Oasis, DDEX, etc. 3. ZeroX (does not involve transfers, so it is not clearly shown on this chart)

Let's take the WETH trade of one of the most active traders on a DEX (decentralized exchange) as an example:

Multi-party trade of WETH/DAI trading pair on DEX. Source: bloxy.info

WETH trading is not just for DAI, here are the top 10 trading pairs on DEX exchanges:

Top 10 WETH trading pairs on DEX. Source: bloxy.info DEX API

PETH stands for ETH, which you put in the Maker DAO smart contract to create DAI debt in the future. Its rate to WETH is equal to:

PETH = WETH * (Total PETH supply) / (WETH balance )

It is now equal to 1.04 because a portion of PETH is destroyed due to debt liquidation. As the graph shows, this number increases over time:

Rates and profits associated with PETH/WETH. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

The change in the PETH/WETH rate creates an Annual Percentage Rate (APR) and profit for users who entered early and traded PETH for WETH, with their total profit estimated to be around 80,000 ETH.

PETH is not tradable on DEXs and appears to be used internally only as Maker DAO's infrastructure.

The token turnover below shows that the main PETH turnover is the transfer between Sai Tub smart contracts. Part of the turnover then goes to Sai Tap (in the case of debt liquidation), or to the system address (for destruction):

Maker DAO uses several purpose-built ERC-20 tokens to ensure the stability of the DAI stablecoin. This article describes the roles and usage patterns of Bloxy.info-based token streaming tools.

The Maker DAO system is composed of multiple smart contracts (Sai ​​Tap, Sai Tub, Vox, Medianiser, etc.) and ERC-20 tokens. Together, they ensure the stability of DAI tokens.

In this post, we mainly focus on how tokens are turned around and used. The diagram below shows the main token flow turnover and how smart contracts are used to convert one token into another:

Maker DAO Token Liquidity Turnover and How Smart Contracts Are Used

In the image above, tokens are shown as circles, while smart contracts and their entities are shown as rounded rectangles. The arrows on the graph represent the way that using these smart contracts, you can convert balances from one token to another.

For example, calling join() will remove WETH tokens from you and give you the appropriate amount of PETH tokens.

The left side of the diagram shows the tokens associated with Ethereum:

ETH: It is not directly used in the Maker DAO system by itself. If you originally had ETH (like most of us), you must first convert it into a WETH ("ETHWrapped ETH") token. WETH: It is a one-to-one mapping of ETH, but exists as an ERC-20 token. At any time, you can exchange ETH for WETH, or vice versa. The downside is that each such transition costs fuel. PETH: short for "Pooled ETHPooled Ether". You get this token when you deposit WETH into Maker DAO. Note that it's not exactly one-to-one, its exchange rate is calculated. DAI: MakerDAO's stablecoin, expected to be close to $1. When you generate a loan with CDP, it creates DAI for you. SIN: Represents liquidated debt. Its value is equal to 1 DAI and is used in the debt settlement process instead of DAI. MKR: Token used to pay commissions (via the erasure method) when paying debts. Sai Tub Smart Contract: Collateralized Debt Position (CDP) system. CDP is your debt in DAI generated after staking PETH. Most of Maker DAO's operations are done using it. Sai Tap Smart Contract: Can be used to liquidate debt and generate profit from it. There are many ways to use Maker DAO smart contracts, the following table categorizes the main ones:

How to use Maker DAO smart contract

Most of the methods operate using the tokens we listed above, with the CDP as an entity inside Sai Tub. A more detailed description of these methods can be found in the Maker DAO Transaction Diagram article.

The material below is a dashboard based on the Bloxy.info token turnover tool and Maker DAO analytics.

The Bloxy.info website provides a suite of tools for analysts, traders, companies and crypto enthusiasts.

These tools include APIs, dashboards, and search engines, all available on-site, providing accurate data, indexed directly from blockchain real-time nodes.

Bloxy's mission is to make blockchain more transparent and accessible to people and businesses alike.

Please indicate the source of the data when citing this article.

Our goal is to match the smart contract code and the chart above with actual token turnover and user actions on these tokens. We will investigate each of these tokens from different perspectives using our tools and analytics.

The first token we’re going to look at is…

WETH explained on the weth.io website. WETH is called "Wrapped ETHWrapped ETH" and can be used in place of ETH where ERC-20 tokens are required. The first thing that comes to our mind is the decentralized exchange (DEX). Generally, DEX protocols prefer to use ERC20 tokens as assets between buyers and sellers, and cannot use ETH directly. So you first wrap your ETH into WETH, and the exchanged WETH can be exchanged for ETH.

This token was launched at the same time as the Maker DAO protocol in December 2017. Note that its largest holder is the Maker DAO smart contract:

The largest holder of WETH

The intersection of the owner with other tokens also shows the Maker DAO token:

Co-holder related tokens, source: bloxy.info

This high WETH balance on the Maker DAO Sai Tub smart contract is due to users depositing WETH into Maker DAO's Sai Tub smart contract for later CDP creation. We analyzed the dynamic MakerDAO dashboard during this process:

Amount locked in WETH, deposits and withdrawals. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

As can be seen from this chart, on May 10, 2019, the amount of WETH locked was around 2 million ETH (orange line), while the total amount created was over 4 million ETH.

How many people participated in this activity? The number of traders can be estimated by the log of exit/join transactions initiated on the Sai Tub smart contract by unique addresses:

Unique address count, lock and release WETH on Maker DAO smart contracts. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

Trader behavior is represented by the amount of WETH locked and released each month:

The amount of WETH locked and released each month. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

The two columns on the right side of the graph show that before April 2019, when more people started locking and releasing WETH from the Maker DAO, the trend in the amount locked and released was fairly symmetrical. That in turn could lead to a reduction in the amount of WETH in the Maker DAO.

So the question is, can it be used anywhere but Maker DAO?

The answer is yes. First of all, it is very active in ZeroX and Oasis (matching market) exchanges, the picture below is the WETH trading page shown in bloxyinfo.

The Token Turnover Tool shows the main flow of WETH:

The main WETH turnaround route. Source: bloxy.info

As you can see, the WETH token has several "centers of gravity":

1. MakerDAI's Sai Tub contract 2. Exchanges such as Oasis, DDEX, etc. 3. ZeroX (does not involve transfers, so it is not clearly shown on this chart)

Let's take the WETH trade of one of the most active traders on a DEX (decentralized exchange) as an example:

Multi-party trade of WETH/DAI trading pair on DEX. Source: bloxy.info

WETH trading is not just for DAI, here are the top 10 trading pairs on DEX exchanges:

Top 10 WETH trading pairs on DEX. Source: bloxy.info DEX API

PETH stands for ETH, which you put in the Maker DAO smart contract to create DAI debt in the future. Its rate to WETH is equal to:

PETH = WETH * (Total PETH supply) / (WETH balance )

It is now equal to 1.04 because a portion of PETH is destroyed due to debt liquidation. As the graph shows, this number increases over time:

Rates and profits associated with PETH/WETH. Source: bloxy.info MakerDAO dashboard

The change in the PETH/WETH rate creates an Annual Percentage Rate (APR) and profit for users who entered early and traded PETH for WETH, with their total profit estimated to be around 80,000 ETH.

PETH is not tradable on DEXs and appears to be used internally only as Maker DAO's infrastructure.

The token turnover below shows that the main PETH turnover is the transfer between Sai Tub smart contracts. Part of the turnover then goes to Sai Tap (in the case of debt liquidation), or to the system address (for destruction):

Bridge Network is a decentralized hub with multiple cross-chain tools such as token bridge, NFT bridge and cross-chain liquidity aggregator. It also enables token issuers to deploy a bridge for their token easily.

Bridge Network is now having an airdrop program for their testnet users. Everyone who participates will receive BRG tokens. The airdrop program ends on 22nd January 2022.

Getting Started:

Bridge Network has built a nice page for all your test network and faucet needs here.

I recommend adding the Rinkeby testnet and getting the testnet $ETH tokens as not all networks are working properly in the testnet.

Step 1:

There are two missions for the testnet but we only need to complete the first mission. The airdrop will be the same regardless of the number of missions you completed.

Go to https://testnet.bridgenetwork.com/ and connect your wallet.

Under “Token Bridge”, choose your token (from the faucet before), network from (your current network), network to, amount and receiving address (your own address). Confirm your transfer.

Step 2:

Fill in the form to register your submission. That’s all for the testnet.

This article attempts to explain:

1. How does a bottom-up country like the United States achieve anti-intellectual and constant innovation at the grassroots level at the same time?

2. Why does the elite like the United States;

3. Saying that the United States is bottom-up all day long, what exactly is bottom-up?

4. What can we do.

1

America in a mess

If you look at the entire history of the United States, you will find that this country has never had any great plans. It is to take one step at a time, and then continue to rely on technological breakthroughs made by the top elites to continue their lives.

Of course, the absence of a grand plan does not mean that there is no plan. It is just that there are very few more than five years. Generally, the leadership will be changed at least eight years, and the strategy will also be changed. Kissinger specifically said about this. At the time, it was Nixon, an anti-communist, who thought about the big issue of uniting with China to restrict the Soviet Union, and finally discussed it in a small circle. Kissinger seized the opportunity to come to China to fix it.

In more detail, the plans in American history are basically "stressful". In order to face the Great Depression, there was the Roosevelt New Deal; in order to defeat the Nazis, there was the "Manhattan Project"; in order to resist the red tide of the Soviet Union, The Marshall Plan began; the Soviet Union shot satellites into the sky, and the United States began to engage in a space program; in order to deal with the epidemic, a series of botched performances by President Chuan.

In fact, their laws are not understood from the beginning, they are constantly evolving, and they are constantly being fine-tuned. For example, when we watch American TV series, the red necks’ favorite "defend the rights granted by the Second Amendment to the Constitution" is what they said. The U.S. Constitution did not make it clear about guns at first, and later added a new article, which became the "gifted gun rights." The same is true for other legal provisions. The law has been constantly amended, and there are affirmative acts such as interracial marriage and homosexuality, which are sometimes supplemented, and sometimes they simply overthrow themselves.

In addition, the advantage of the United States is that its environment is really good, and it is indeed much more peaceful. Some time ago, looking at our country’s early years, it was quite sad. There was the Soviet Union in the north, the United States at sea, and India in Tibet. Taiwan was planning a counterattack to the mainland, and it was full of clouds in all directions.

my country’s economic development is often disrupted by the threat of war. From 1965 to 1975, nearly half of the construction funds in the past decade were used to dig holes in the mountains. Many industrial facilities were moved to the mountains, and in caves, tens of thousands of people often hollowed out a mountain. At that time, because big cities could be subject to nuclear bombing by the US and the Soviet Union at any time, they had to hide. This matter was also called "big third-line construction." It was not until after Nixon's visit to China that several strategists gathered together to discuss a result, "There will be no world war in twenty years", and neither did the Soviet Union in the later period, so that our country lifted the threat and started economically with peace of mind.

In fact, the initial stage of reform in our country should be traced back to the time when Chairman Mao was still there. For example, in 1972, it planned to spend 4.3 billion US dollars to import industrial equipment from the United States, Germany and Japan. It's very big, because afterwards, a full meal is related to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The key to this plan is to solve this kind of people's livelihood problems.

Compared with us, the United States is indeed peaceful, but it's not completely nothing. We now see the United States chaotically. In fact, throughout the history of the United States, it has always been like this, with small chaos constantly and less chaos.

At the time of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the U.S. wanted to get rid of the “british traitors” and hang a large number of British relatives in the name of shooting counter-revolutionaries. Many people went to Canada and formed the current English-speaking Canada. Later, the United States chased after Canada and fought several times, but failed to fight, and was counterattacked back. The White House was burned into the Black House and had to be repainted. There are still many places in the White House that are still black.

Later, the north-south conflict became the mainstream. The two sides couldn't hold back and fought. The northern industrialists and the southern agricultural punks had a passionate collision. The south lost and the manor was shoveled. Together, they began to engage in industry and infrastructure construction. With the rapid development of the heavy industry, the dispute between the North and the South has finally settled.

Then there was a big industrialization, and super industrial capitalists began to rise. After the Civil War, the United States developed extremely fast and ushered in the era of Morgan Carnegie. The big capitalists attacked the workers, and the workers also set up labor unions to fight against them. Bloody conflict.

Some people on the Internet say that the emergence of the Soviet Union has brought vacations and benefits to American workers. In fact, it is not all. A series of benefits such as the eight-hour work system were obtained by American workers themselves. At that time, there was no Soviet Union. The contradiction between labor and management continued until the 1960s. After that, I won’t mention it, because the United States was so powerful that it could transfer the contradiction to East Asia, and give the East Asians their dirty work. They implemented the labor law and their lives gradually improved. Workers There will be no trouble.

Then began the black movement led by Martin Luther King, the anti-Vietnam War, noisy, and then the oil crisis, the trauma of the Vietnam War, the disintegration of the Bretton Woods system and so on. You can see some of these things in "Forrest Gump". At that time, the United States could not be seen. It was a mess. The people didn’t believe in the government. The presidents broke out scandals one after another. France took a few brothers to create the United States in Europe. The credit of the U.S. dollar didn’t work anymore. It felt like it was about to die .

The Soviet Union has always felt that the United States is almost over, but it has overlooked one point. The vitality of the United States is no longer "tidy". Its advantage is chaos. It is a bit like India. It's not like a normal country. It's just that many people didn't pay attention. Their social conflicts were offset by the riots among the people, and they were similar to the British Empire.

It really doesn't work. The two-party system they have adopted is essentially to quickly "change dynasties." If you are not satisfied with the Democratic Party, you will change to the Republican Party next time. To a certain extent, you can alleviate some dissatisfaction, even though they are similar.

Moreover, American society is not like us, where everyone listens to the government, but Fei Xiaotong's "bundles of firewood". What do you mean? He said that the Western pattern is like a bundle of firewood that is clearly tied together. People usually belong to a group of several people and have good self-management qualities.

Everyone should feel this when watching American TV series. The people in Yellowstone, Montana, don’t bother the government for anything. They solve the problems within their gang. Brooklyn, New York has been controlled by the underworld for many years, and the government cannot find black hands. Evidence that the party godfather has done bad things can't arrest people. The godfather has always been the emperor of the local area.

But this is not important. What's important is that their intellectuals are also highly autonomous. They take care of themselves. The government has very little intervention in the academic world and is relatively free. This makes the intellectuals much more comfortable inside.

Why did the Soviet Union become exhausted after the US-Soviet struggle for hegemony? On the one hand, the planned economy itself has the problem of contraction. On the other hand, the Soviet government has over-handled the disputes in academia. In extreme cases, the Soviet Union sent scientists to labor camps in Siberia. This is not funny. Although they did not do so later, the Soviet intellectual class had always had great opinions on the Soviet Union and kept fleeing throughout the Cold War.

This also gave the United States an opportunity. The American class began to absorb talents from all over the world since the First World War. The Second World War reached its peak, and it reached its peak after the end of the Cold War. The founder of Google was a Soviet government official and ran to the United States. After that, our country also ran away, and the intellectuals in the Middle East also fled on a large scale. Don’t underestimate the Middle East. Jobs’ father is a Syrian, and Taleb is also a Syrian. Perhaps the biggest contribution to the United States of the Middle East is not oil, but the entire middle class there.

I understand this is why the United States is keen to mess up the world one by one. If the mess is up, the local middle class will have to flee. The elites in these countries are gone, and it will take decades to wait for the civil unrest to subside. Slowly cultivate.

Forget who said that China has never really engaged in a planned economy, because the planned economy requires a large number of mathematicians and intellectuals to compile tables to calculate supply and demand. China originally had less literacy, and a lot of them ran away in the latter part of the War of Liberation. It is precisely because I have never figured it out, the reform and opening up went very smoothly, because the influence of the planned economy is not so great, but Eastern European countries have not been very good.

Don’t misunderstand one thing. The core of the planned economy is “commands”, but it requires a lot of form processing during the execution stage.

At the beginning of 1951, the Central Finance Committee produced various statistical reports with the help of Soviet experts. However, with the current business capabilities of the statisticians of the basic-level institutions, the reporting tasks were difficult to complete, and even if they were barely reported, the accuracy could not meet the standard. Reluctantly, the report has to be simplified again and again. There is a shortage of statisticians, so that a large number of workers have to be transferred from the workers, and even some cooks are flooded into the statistic team. The level of the compiled table can be imagined. To put it bluntly, I haven't figured it out too much. It is precisely because of the need for mathematics at the time and the whole society loves mathematics. Masters like Hua Luogeng and Chen Jingrun were born. Now I don't hear of people of this level. Instead, Chern's apprentice Qiu Chengtong is now the dean of the Harvard Mathematics Institute.

The "highly autonomous intellectual group" and the huge capital market of the United States have continuously bred new technologies. The intellectuals provide intelligence, and the capital market gives money. The US-Soviet hegemony seems to be the collapse of the Soviet Union's finances, and the essence is still American venture capital. Ben and the intellectuals started the computer revolution together. The Soviet Union fell behind a generation in science and technology, labor productivity was not high, and the population was small (the population of the United States had to be added to Western Europe, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan), and the GDP naturally couldn’t keep up. , The finances also collapsed, coupled with internal conflicts, and soon the Soviet Union was completely over.

I think some people on the Internet are too obsessed with the matter of their 800,000 deaths. This matter is a major issue in other countries. The United States does not matter. Forty thousand people are killed by guns every year. Forty thousand people died for nothing. A weird thing, how do you expect them to feel? As mentioned above, in the United States, the death of a person is a matter of the community, not the state.

It should be noted that their real core parts, knowledge groups and capital markets, have basically not lost much in the epidemic, and they are still attracting talents from all over the world during the epidemic prevention and control period. U.S. stocks continue to rise. Of course, it is related to the release of water. One reason is that they attracted funds from other countries and went to the United States to take over.

In addition, it should be noted that many of the top talents in our country have been attracted. For example, in the field of artificial intelligence in the United States, the proportion of Chinese is very high. That Li Feifei, now an artificial intelligence champion, I heard her lecture a few years ago.

Some of these people return to the United States after returning to their country. They are not unpatriotic, but the intellectual class in the United States is autonomous. There is often a leader in our country who takes care of it. This kind of thing does not matter to ordinary office workers, but top scientists do not. The law accepts laymen’s leaders and experts. I have recruited several Ph.Ds in the United States over the years. Their first problem is that their supervisors cannot be of administrative background, they must be of technical background, otherwise they will not come back, and they have to interview their supervisors.

Many people can’t understand this, but the fact is that top talents treat “freedom” and “atmosphere” much more importantly than ordinary people. This is why talents all over the world like to go to the United States. On the one hand, they can provide money. , On the other hand can provide atmosphere.

2

bottom up

So how did their capital market turn?

This means that the United States is a bottom-up country, that is, the top does not care about the bottom, and the bottom does not count on the top. Bundles of firewood are the responsibility of the community itself. Different communities are different in nature. The United States Their anti-intellectual and messy nature is largely related to their characteristics. The question is, how can such a country be so technologically strong? Leading the technological revolution time and time again?

Because things like innovation happen to be "bottom-up", what does this mean?

For example, everyone knows a problem. Now the whole world is waiting for technological breakthroughs, but the problem is that we don’t know which innovation will change the world in the future or how to do it.

The solution given by countries like the United States is: fooling around.

Yes, it's just fooling around. It's similar to ants going out to find food. It depends on a large group of ants running around. Whoever encounters it, go back and inform the house, and everyone should go together.

Most of the time, the country has no plan what to do, and of course it cannot plan. Most of the breakthroughs made by mankind are not planned from now on. The steam engine was not built by the British government. The train was also developed in coal mines. The Internet was built by the US military, but I didn’t expect it to be used as it is now. The top minds think that the world only needs eight. Taiwan, a computer with a thousand times the computing power of Apollo's moon landing plan, no one dares to think about it.

The logic in the U.S. is to let every organization and individual in the market think about how to play. If you want to understand, go to build a prototype or start a business plan to collect money from capitalists. If you continue to do it, if there are results, someone will naturally give you additional money. After this iteration, the scammers will slowly get out of the game, and the truly powerful ones will gradually become bigger and bigger.

Of course, it’s not all starting from the basics. For example, many technologies of the US military are directly transferred to civilian use. Who can be richer than the enemy's country, only then has the Moore's law we know, computers are getting smaller and cheaper, and countless companies fight for Wintel in the end.

The same is true for mobile phones. The gadgets made by the military were thrown on the market. Whoever can sell them can establish a dynasty. The era of Nokia and Motorola has come, but they were both overturned by Apple in the end. Yes, of course, Apple will not continue to grow. The company is similar to people. Some have a short lifespan and some have a long lifespan, but they will not continue to grow. Sooner or later, Apple will be killed by a completely unimaginable company. .

In addition, the United States spends a lot of money on universities every year. After the results are developed, the professor may go out to start a business and become a billionaire. Don't you say that this is not a "loss of state-owned assets"? It is true, but the scientific and technological status of the United States is indeed achieved in this way. The profound interaction between universities, research institutes, enterprises and the capital market has led to today's technological strength.

Countless minds, countless companies and organizations are gradually eliminated in this race, and one or two are left in the end. They may be Google, Microsoft, Tesla, or something else soon. Something that appears.

This model has a characteristic. It is a large ecosystem, with various creatures growing inside, looking messy, but if it changes, there will always be some that can adapt, a bit like a meteorite falling to the earth, annihilating the dinosaurs, and the rise of mammals. Up. Our society also has this problem. No one knows what will happen in the future. The best way is to maintain a large enough sample library, even if everything happens, there are plans.

This is bottom-up.

But it’s not to say that the country is useless. Great innovations are generally found in big countries.

据其透露，今年HarmonyOS已经发展了超过4000多个智能生态产品，超过1800家生态合作伙伴，仅今年一年新增生态设备发货量就已经超过了6000万。

2021年6月初华为推出了全新的HarmonyOS 2.0，并且宣布多款智能手机可以升级到最新的HarmonyOS 2.0；首批设备包括华为Mate40系列、华为P40系列以及华为Mate30系列智能手机，华为MatePad Pro等平板电脑也能率先升级到HarmonyOS 2.0。

Usually bridging once is sufficient for airdrop eligibility from experience of the $GB airdrop. No guarantee of airdrops from any of these projects as usual. You will need to pay ETH mainnet gas fees in some of these bridges. Consider yourself whether it will be worth the cost.

Note: If your wallet doesn’t have the network you will bridge into or from, you can always add them at chainlist.org.

Hop Protocol

https://app.hop.exchange/

A bridge that links ETH Mainnet, Polygon, Arbitrum, Optimism and xDai. No hints of token launch yet.