Do you feel that the working hours of contemporary workers are increasingly long?

Most recently, # tea joyed workers received a monthly salary of not more than $3,000 # on board the first heat search. The monthly salary is 3000 yuan renminbi, but the working hours are 300 hours, equivalent to 10 hours a day without a break. Thus, the hourly rate is only 9-16 yuan, while the long-running city’s minimum wage is 17 yuan renminbi per hour.

Over long working hours are a modest salary, and the angry feelings of network friends are ignited. It was recalled that in 2021 more serious industrial disputes were commonplace. In January, more than 23-year-old female workers died in early morning hours; in July, three or seven outsourced workers died as a result of overtime work; and in November, Biyadi workers died in rented accommodation, while they worked for 12 hours a day for the previous month in a continuous night work …

Two decades ago our parents were still at five p.m. Today’s beating workers seem to have been waiting for eight hours. The grandmothers of macroeconomics, Cairns, have predicted that, by the twenty-first century, people’s lives will become very rich and work 15 hours a week.

Now, too, in the twenty-first century, the lives of people are indeed rich, and what is the 15 hours that are good, not only lost, but more and more? In the current period, I do not understand why working hours are ever longer.

Data dissemination

According to a micro-bluster survey of new waves, nearly eight adults consider their own working hours to be more than their parents. New China Net 2012 reported that the average number of job-seekers working 8.66 hours per day was 9.2 hours in 2019, and in 2021, according to the most recent data from the Bureau of Statistics, the national average of 48.6 hours per week for business workers was 9.72 hours per day for five days.

Is it not the Internet processors, known as 996, that have worked intensively? A report in 1900 showed that the internet industry was not only less than the top five, but even less than the industry-wide average. The Internet is dominated by real estate, vehicles, transport, energy and business services.

Real estate is ranked at 7.74 hours per week for overtime, with the view of the real estate: “What are overtime? Homemakers live only on duty and sleep.” On average, more than five hours of work per week are required for civil servants who have always been considered unused. Taking into account that the Internet is flouting the high remuneration of all industries other than finance, and that many industry overtime subsidies amount to approximately 0, I am aware of the fact that the original plant, 996, was a blessing.

Why

Why is the entire society going to work?

The direct reason is that labour laws are not enforced. In 1994, the Department of State introduced a “work system of eight hours per day for workers and 40 hours per week”. However, neither a decade ago nor now, the average working hours were reduced to eight hours, and the 996 system was more flagrantly illegal, but the cost of the business was low.

Last November, the tide group was exposed to the posting of various pro-additional slogans in the office. A staff member disclosed to journalists that more than six hundred hours of work had been added a year, ranking or penultimate. The labour inspectorate in Jeju has carried out an investigation into the wave the following day and has not been punished. This is not, in fact, the first violation of the labour law, which, as early as 2016, has been exposed to a 6x12-hour work system, requiring workers to follow the National Day in the Spring, which is equally unpunished.

If the tide is not punished, it can be described as an exaggeration of the spectacular, Biyadi and three or seven drums - a spectra. After many spellings and Biyadi were exposed to death, the labour inspectorate in both locations conducted an investigation, and in the face of the loss of life, they had made the same choice as their counterparts in the South — only to investigate impunity. With regard to the death of three or seven discrete workers, they did not even attract the attention of the local labour inspectorate.

In the event of a violation of the law, the businessmen were caught in the oil boiler — cataloguing. Overcrowded enterprise development will crowd out businesses that are not working and, in order not to be pushed to death, businesses that have not already done so will follow. However, as long as they are not mental variables, they will not be left unattended, but only to see that they are seen in the company evening. In fact, most of the busy businesses are really inactive.

Thus, there are some objective reasons why overtime should take place.

In 2012, the United States Telecommunications Company, a United States processor named Bob, contracted one fifth of his own annual salary of $250,000, or $50,000, to outsource his work to a Shenyang processor, while his daily “work” was to shed light on the Forum, see video, earn $200,000, and finally to lose it because the company discovered that a Chinese IP was frequently placed on the back desk. Until they were captured, Bob was considered to be the hardest hit in the entire building.

Indeed, it is thought that there is no loss in this case. The company did not miss business because of Bob’s fish, and even had a large programming cattle in a whole building, which was left behind; Bob’s earning $200,000; while $50,000’s annual salary was not low today’s sunset.

The problem is that the Shenyang processor is able to earn $250,000 in the United States and earn only 50,000 in China.

This is the so-called “backward disadvantage”. The first developing country could preempt the occupation of high-quality races and prevent the latter from going beyond. The operational systems, chips, etc., which are monopolized by Western countries, are at the very beginning of the building, but only one of them has no separate marks, is it sufficient to “use” and is to be able to carry out its own car? As a result, Western giants have gradually monopolized markets with pre-emptive advantages, while the latter countries have failed in their product performance, are more expensive, and others play their part.

As a result, pre-empting countries are generally able to take up several lucrative pits, such as the United States operating system, the Dutch lighter, the French nuclear power station. The first countries were consuming their meat, and the second countries were able to watch, so many did not want it. There are few developed countries, many less developed countries, and less developed countries are not expected to follow.

The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month. Folk activities such as guessing lantern riddles are held in many places in Henan to celebrate the arrival of the Lantern Festival.

On February 15, villagers were guessing lantern riddles at the cultural square of Jiazhai village, Naodian Town, Baofeng County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province. Issued by Xinhuanet (photographed by he Wuchang and Guo peijuan)

On February 14, at Luohe primary school in Luohe City, Henan Province, students guessed lantern riddles at the theme education activity of “guessing lantern riddles and making lantern festival”. Issued by Xinhuanet (photographed by Shi Shuai and Qian Shuguang)

On February 14, at Luohe primary school in Luohe City, Henan Province, students guessed lantern riddles at the theme education activity of “guessing lantern riddles and making lantern festival”. Issued by Xinhuanet (photographed by Shi Shuai and Qian Shuguang)

On February 15, at the square of culture and Art Center of Zhecheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, people guessed lantern riddles at the activity of “our festival makes Lantern Festival with joy”. Issued by Xinhuanet (photographed by Chen Yanfei)

On February 15, at the square of culture and Art Center of Zhecheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, people guessed lantern riddles at the activity of “our festival makes Lantern Festival with joy”. Issued by Xinhuanet (photographed by Chen Yanfei)

On February 15, at the square of culture and Art Center of Zhecheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, people guessed lantern riddles at the activity of “our festival makes Lantern Festival with joy”. Issued by Xinhuanet (photographed by Chen Yanfei)

On March 4, Shanghai Steel Union data showed that the quotation of some lithium battery materials continued to rise. Among them, battery grade lithium carbonate increased by 5500 yuan / ton, and the average price was 500000 yuan / ton; Lithium hydroxide increased by 6000-7000 yuan / ton; Electrolytic cobalt rose by 3200 yuan / ton; Nickel beans rose 6100 yuan / ton.

With the average price of lithium carbonate standing at 500000 yuan / ton, what impact will it have on all links of the new energy industry chain?

By interviewing more than a dozen practitioners and industry experts, the reporter of science and Innovation Board daily tried to cut in from the perspective of upstream, middle and downstream, so as to remove a trace of fog for the “price rise tide” running through the industrial chain.

▍ upstream: the prices of the four main materials of lithium battery remain “high”

As the prices of the four main materials of lithium battery (positive electrode, negative electrode, diaphragm and electrolyte) continue to rise, “cost” has also become a high-frequency word in the mouth of many practitioners.

“I don’t know how much the price of lithium will rise, but the cathode material enterprises have reached an unbearable level,” Moke, the founder and President of real lithium research, told the science and Innovation Board daily

“The prices of the main materials and even some auxiliary materials of the battery are rising, which increases the overall cost of the battery by at least more than 50%. The development of lithium battery energy storage will also become difficult.” Facing the “high” upstream raw materials of lithium battery, the management of cathode material enterprises said slightly excitedly.

Industrial Securities research shows that in terms of main material links, the price rise of electrolyte and cathode links is the most significant. From the beginning of 2021 to February 27, 2022, lithium iron phosphate increased by 332%, and the price of electrolyte increased by 189% driven by lithium hexafluorophosphate; Driven by metal prices, ternary cathode materials generally rose by more than 100% during the year.

While the price of upstream raw materials soared, the electrolyte link was also under great pressure. “The main cost of electrolyte lies in lithium hexafluorophosphate. In the past year, lithium hexafluorophosphate has remained high and the profit is very high. In the future, if lithium hexafluorophosphate continues to maintain high profit, the production cost of electrolyte will be very high.”

Qu Yinfei, a lithium analyst at the new energy division of Shanghai Steel Union, said to the reporter of the science and Innovation Board daily, “the four main materials are trying to transmit the price to the battery enterprises to balance the production cost, while the battery enterprises can only transmit the price to the vehicle enterprises under the cost pressure.”

▍ midstream: what are the rumors about battery manufacturers reducing production and abandoning buying

With the rise of raw material prices, recently, there are market rumors that Ningde times and some lithium iron phosphate manufacturers have reduced their production scheduling plan in March. Some media confirmed to Ningde times that this news is not true.

In this regard, Qu Yinfei, a lithium analyst at the new energy business department of Shanghai Steel Union, said to the reporter of science and Innovation Board daily, “it is reported that the battery production plans were finalized a year ago, and the operability of production reduction is relatively weak, which is not conducive to seizing market share. Of course, the problems of material procurement and price transmission will force battery enterprises to reduce production.”

“The battery accounts for about 40% - 60% of the whole vehicle cost. With the rise of the prices of the four main materials of lithium battery, the purchasing cost pressure of battery suppliers will increase, the profit will decline, and even there may be a loss.” Zhang Xiang, a researcher at the automotive industry innovation research center of Northern University of technology, analyzed it to the reporter of science and Innovation Board daily.

According to the research of Tianfeng securities, if the impact of bargaining power and procurement volume on the actual procurement cost is combined with the hedging of performance and technological progress and cost price rise, the cost increase transmitted from the price rise of raw materials to the power battery end is about 20% - 25%.

With the average price of battery grade lithium carbonate standing at the high level of 500000 yuan / ton, business analysts said, “the rising price of lithium carbonate has led to the surge in costs of downstream enterprises, increased pressure, reduced acceptance of high lithium prices, and heated up the short-term upstream and downstream game.”

It should be noted that at present, in the industrial chain, excessive prices seem to have triggered the emergence of some boycotts.

Moke, the founder and President of true lithium research, disclosed to the reporter of the science and Innovation Board daily, “in terms of middle and downstream applications, some battery and material manufacturers represented by leading enterprises have called on everyone to boycott collectively, and do not buy lithium carbonate with more than 500000 yuan / ton. At the same time, it has sent a signal of production reduction in March.”

Xinlune information analysis believes that the lithium carbonate price of nearly 500000 yuan / ton has squeezed the confidence of three or four echelon battery factories to take goods. From the perspective of cost accounting, it has reached the limit value of the enterprise, and some iron lithium manufacturers have begun to reduce taking goods and output.

A senior executive of an electrolyte enterprise told the science and Innovation Board Daily: “there are many orders for power and energy storage, but there are also long orders, and there are relatively few cases of abandoning to buy lithium carbonate. However, this mainly depends on the ability of battery manufacturers to transmit the price to the downstream. If the price transmission fails, or many manufacturers can only overcome the difficulties by reducing production.”

▍ downstream: the plight of A00 electric vehicles is particularly prominent

“It’s hard for new energy vehicles now, especially A00 electric vehicles. I regret not buying one last year. The subsidy has been refunded, but the cost is rising, and the car is too losing money.” A salesperson from Euler said with emotion to the reporter of the science and Innovation Board daily.

On February 24, Dong Yudong, CEO of Euler brand, announced that “black and white cats stop receiving orders” and said, “Although Euler brand has the advantage of industrial chain behind it, it still brings huge losses to the company! Take black cat as an example. After the sharp rise of raw material prices in 2022, black cat lost more than 10000 yuan per unit. It is a helpless move to stop receiving orders. In the environment of lack of core and less power, if we continue to receive orders, the delivery of new orders will wait until the second half of 2022.”

It is reported that the production cost of three electricity system of black and white cats accounts for about 55% - 60% of the whole vehicle cost. The reporter of the science and Innovation Board daily noted that after Euler announced that the black and white cats stopped receiving orders, he immediately raised the price of the good cat GT model by 12000 yuan, starting from 147000 yuan.

In this regard, Qu Yinfei, a lithium analyst at the new energy business department of Shanghai Iron and Steel Union, told the reporter of the science and Innovation Board daily, “the impact of the rise in the price of upstream raw materials is gradually progressive, and the products in all links are subject to cost compression and have no choice but to conduct downward. In the process of transmission, there are still many problems