This form of borrowing is possible with the use of smart contracts in DeFi Transactions. Smart contracts set out the rules for flash loans. It usually requires the borrower to pay back the full loan amount before the transaction is completed.

If this rule is broken, the smart contract automatically reverses the transaction and the loan is cancelled as if it never happened.

Flash loans happen usually in a few seconds or minutes. This is how they can offer unsecured loans as the borrower must return the full amount borrowed almost immediately.

Put this in relatable terms, imagine taking a loan from a bank to make an buy an asset and you are required to repay the entire loan in a few minutes.

Sound impractical, even impossible.

However, Flash loans are very useful in DeFi. It has three major uses cases: Arbitrage, Collateral Swap and Self-Liquidation.

Arbitrage

Arbitrage refers to an immediate trade of an asset in different markets to make a profit from tiny differences in the asset’s listed price. Traders tend to move between various crypto exchanges in search of little differences in the prices of various crypto assets.

For instance, imagine BTC/USDT is trading on Binance at $39,131.26, while the same BTC/USDT is trading on Bitfinex at $39,120.00. That’s an $11.26 difference. A trader can buy BTC on Bitfinex and sell on Binance to make a profit of $11.26 per BTC sold. This example uses centralized crypto exchanges, however, the same applies to decentralized exchanges (DEx) like dYdX, UniSwap, PanCakeSwap etc. Flash loans are used to take advantage of a price arbitrage on DExs, this is because of their instant nature and their applicability across the blockchain.

Here is an example of a person exploiting the price arbitrage on Curve and UniSwap.

Here the DAI/USDC is trading on Curve at $1, while DAI/USDC is trading on UniSwap at $0.99.

A trader can exploit this opportunity using a flash loan by doing the following (as shown above):

Collateral Swap

This involves a quick swap of the collateral used to back a user’s loan from one asset to another.

This helps DeFi users swap the collateral they initially provided on a DeFi lending platform.

In this example, a person used their ETH as collateral for a loan taken in DAI on the Compound lending platform and they want to swap the ETH for BAT.

A user can swap the ETH for BAT using a flash loan by doing the following (as shown above):

Self-Liquidation

In DeFi, there are liquidation penalties or fees for loans, it currently ranges around 3% to 15% depending on the platform.

DeFi liquidation occurs when the price of the asset used as collateral falls below a certain pre-determined point. This is usually to prevent a situation whereby the value of the collateral is too low to cover the loan borrowed.

In a situation where the value of the collateral reaches the liquidation point, the smart contract sells the crypto asset to cover the debt. The user loses the asset and is charged the fee.

DeFi users can use flash loans to self-liquidate to repay the loan and recover the asset used as collateral to avoid getting liquidated and paying the fee.

In this example, the user took a loan in DAI with ETH as collateral from Compound. The price of ETH is decreasing and is approaching the level of liquidation, the a take a flash loan to avoid getting liquidated by the smart contract by doing the following:

These are the most common use case of flash loans and there are more that are yet to be discovered. These use cases should how useful flash loans are in DeFi. However, flash loans are often subject to attack. These are called Flash Loan Attacks.

This occurs when a borrower is able to trick the lender into thinking that the loan has been repaid even when it has not. DeFi systems are beginning to develop methods and technology to protect against these attacks.

Sources and References:

For the past few months, the federal reserve is scaring the ‘Markets with The triple threat of policy tightening

Investors have been preparing for the Federal Reserve to Start hiking Intrest rates. They also know the central bank is going to cut the number of bonds it buys each month. On top of that, They figured, eventually the tapering would lead to a reduction in the nearly $9 trillion in the assets the fed is holding.What they didn’t expect were all three things happening at the same time. But minutes from the fed’s December meeting which was released on Wednesday, Indicated that may well be the case

the meeting summary showed members ready to not only start raising their interest rates and tapering bond-buying but also being prepared to engage to reduce inflation, Recovery from the pandemic.

Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell is telling U.S. lawmakers Wednesday that the U.S. central bank is on track to raise interest rates this month for the first time in three years, because of high inflation, a tight labor market and strong economic demand

“With inflation well above 2% and a strong labor market, we expect it will be appropriate to raise the target range for the federal funds rate at our meeting later this month,” Powell wrote in his prepared remarks that he was scheduled to deliver to the House Financial Services Committee.

Although many traders have already priced in a possible rate hike in March after the central bank hinted at such an outcome after the most recent Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) in February, questions remain as to the magnitude of any rate hike.

Powell didn’t specify the size of the rate hike he felt would be appropriate..

The Chicago-based CME Group’s FedWatch tool shows that futures traders see a 90% chance of a quarter-percentage point hike, as opposed to a half-percentage point, which many thought was very likely just a week ago.

The central bank is concerned about inflation, now at its highest in four decades Powell, however, expects inflation will diminish this year as supply constraints ease and demand moderates because of the shrinking effects of fiscal stimulus and tighter monetary policy

“We are attentive to the risks of potential further upward pressure on inflation expectations and inflation itself from a number of factors,” he said. “We will use our policy tools as appropriate to prevent higher inflation from becoming entrenched.”

Powell also mentioned Ukraine, saying that the implications of the war for the U.S. economy are “highly uncertain.”

While the Fed has indeed confirmed a rate rise in March, and has also suggested additional rises, itwould be helpful to see the 2022 meeting schedule for the Federal Open Market Committee (whichoversees rates). That way, traders and investors can prepare themselves for when hikes are likelyto be confirmed.

• January 25–26 • March 15–16 • May 3–4 • June 14–15 • July 26–27 • September 20–21 • November 1–2 • December 13–14

There are seven more FOMC meetings penciled in for this year, so in theory we could have amaximum of seven rate increases. However, this is unlikely, while it’s also likely that the threerises that have been indicated by the Fed will come sooner rather than later, in order to counteractrising inflation.Indeed, as of writing, inflation in the United States is at a 39-year high of 7%, meaning we basicallyhave to go back to the era of stagflation to find a similar rate. Given that this figure has risen from1.4% at the start of 2021, it seems a safe bet to say that the Fed will want to impose its three raterises in each of its next three meetings.This means that March 15–16, May 3–4 and June 14–15 will likely bring rate hikes, which in turn willhave at least a short-term impact on the stock and cryptocurrency markets.

The question is: how much of an impact will hikes have? Well, looking at the recent marketdownturn, the rise in March (and subsequent hikes) could have a significant impact on bitcoinand the wider cryptocurrency market.

for latest news and Updates about crypto,Block-chain and web3 . follow and Sign-up for the news letter below

We want to let you know more about this project, which we spent the last months working on. First, we want to tell you that we haven’t hired a pr manager yet, so maybe what you’re going to hear is not marketing-oriented and polished, but we want to share the story behind our collection and what you should expect in the next future if you will buy our cards.

We have 10010 NFT(non-fungible token) that will be on sale shortly, most probably at the end of January, but you will need to follow our Discord or Twitter account for further details.

There are 5 rarities each of them with unique stats and abilities. Each rarity has a fixed amount of points spent between the abilities like Speed| Endurance | Agility | Luck.

Common: 27 PointsRare: 29 PointsUltra Rare:31 PointsEpic:33 PointsLegendary:37 Points

You will see another number on the NFT that is PS it comes from Power Score and has been calculated with the following formula:

PS=(Speed/2+Endurance/6+Agility/6+Luck/4)*100

This gives you a little inside of the upcoming game.

The NFT Collection are playable characters in the future game that we are still developing. However, the game mechanics is a straightforward one. You and the other 11 players compete in a horse race. At the end of each race, you gain points; the total number of points will get a monthly distribution of eGold based on the amount we raise in the secondary market and sit and go tournaments style.

To prevent the accumulation of points on the hand of a few and bot automation, Each NFT has stamina points that consume after each race and will reset after a certain period.

Common: 100 StaminaRare: 120 StaminaUltra Rare: 140 StaminaEpic: 160 StaminaLegendary: 200 Stamina

Tracks

Shortly will find out that your horse will perform better or worse based on the Track. In addition, some ability get a bonus on specific tracks. A common card can perform better than an epic one on specific tracks if the stars align.

There are still many things to define, but as they said, a crazy man with a plan will perform better than a genius without one.

Q1–2022

Q2–2022

Q3–2022

Q4–2022

We have a plan and the project is almost here; we would love to have you part of our community.

Discord | Telegram | Twitter

The rise of L1s was one of the main stories of the crypto industry in 2021. It is hard to have missed the rise of SoLunAvax which I highlighted in my year-end review of 2021. Fantom (FTM) is a smart contract network that has focused on dealing with the issue of high transaction costs along with network speed. Fantom is a proof-of-stake network, which is what Ethereum will eventually merge into as well. However, Fantom is compatible with Ethereum through their Opera mainnet that uses the EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine). This is enabled through their consensus mechanism Lachesis, which uses DAG’s(Directed Acyclic Graph). This enables transactions to record on top of one another without using a blockchain.

Also what makes the network special is how it works independently. This means that if the network supposedly gets congested in one place, it is not supposed to affect other parts of the blockchain.

Some quick tokenomics before we dive into the interesting stuff. The token used for the network is called FTM. There are currently 2.55B FTM tokens in circulation whereas the max supply is 3.175B. The FTM tokens that are currently not in circulation can be earned through staking rewards and validator nodes which have a current APR of 14.15%. The FTM token can be used for securing the network which is done through staking and nodes as mentioned previously. It can also be used as a medium of exchange. On-chain governance is a fundamental part of the decentralized ecosystem and the FTM token is used for voting on proposals. Also, it is used for network fees to pay for the network.

I know this is article has been technical so far. Let’s get into the fun stuff. What makes Fantom special and is it worth the hype?

Valuating a crypto ecosystem is not the easiest feat in comparison to standard companies. However, there are metrics worth taking into consideration before taking a plunge into a crypto ecosystem. I mentioned at the beginning of the article, the rise of SoLunAvax. 2021 was the year of L1s but Fantom is among the few that have not had a meteoric run yet. Would this normally matter? Not really, crypto is all about network effects. Nonetheless, with the growth and exciting projects that are taking place. Along with the value accrual that is happening on Fantom, things might be different.

The amount of money that has poured into the ecosystem since last autumn has made a huge difference to its growth. As I am writing this, Fantom has a Total Value Locked of $5.83B. If you also take into consideration that the ecosystem is currently valued at a market cap of 5.76B, it is among the fairest valued smart contract platforms out there. This puts Fantom at a Mcap/TVL ratio of 1.12.

To provide some context, its competitor Solana has a Mcap/TVL ratio of 4.6 while AVAX and LUNA have a ratio of 1.97 and 1.53 respectively. This does not mean that you go full-send and buy FTM immediately. Markets are forward-looking (although not efficient), so people expect growth in the protocols hence their current valuations. However, seeing the rise of L1s, it is definitely worth taking into consideration.

Along with this, the network has been adopted at a steady rate since the inception of its grant incentive program that was released on the 30th of August. This program has successfully incentivized developers to build exciting DeFi protocols on the Fantom blockchain. This is one of the main reasons why we are seeing such hype taking place on the Fantom blockchain as it is a very beginner-friendly DeFi protocol with cheap gas fees.

The fees that get accrued by the network, despite them being cheap, go straight to stakers and node validators.

Despite maximalists claiming that this comes at a price of decentralization. New entrants to this space have a very tough time connecting with this crowd considering they can’t afford the decentralization that is being discussed. Ethereum gas fees have been an issue for a while which has let L1s prosper. This is why DeFi is booming on Fantom right now, which brings us to the next topic.

At this stage, it is fair to say that DeFi is booming on FTM. Arguably one of the most important DeFi protocols which is Curve can be found on FTM as well. Also, SushiSwap as well which is no surprise considering it is the most cross-chain DEX by far. Abracadabra and Yearn Finance have also joined in on the fun. However, that is not what is exciting on the network. It is the Fantom native ecosystems that have been built so far. The most popular one is Spookyswap which is a FTM native DEX that enables you to bridge over assets from other blockchains to Fantom as well.

One of the more eye-catching ones is Tomb Finance. Tomb is an algorithmic stablecoin and the standard procedure so far has been to peg it to the dollar. It also works cross-chain. However, Tomb Finance has taken a different approach and pegged it to the price of FTM. The reason for this has been their strong faith in the FTM ecosystem as it expands. The benefit of this is that it significantly decreases the risk of impermanent loss when you’re yield farming or taking out loans against it. Considering the possibility of high yield farms up to an APY of 318% on the LP Tomb-FTM, it opens up amazing opportunities. Add to the fact that Tomb Finance also has two other tokens which are Tomb shares and Tomb bonds, while these Tomb shares can be farmed for the excess of 1000% APY, it is no surprise that the users are attracted to the ecosystem (further analysis on Tomb and the upcoming protocols will be done on the substack).

Another protocol that is driving adoption in the FTM ecosystem is LiquidDriver. This protocol is a liquidity mining dApp that enables you to hunt for lucrative yields. The native token of the protocol is LQDR. LiquidDriver partners with multiple farms and when people deposit tokens into their pools they are redeposited into their partner’s farms to generate yields. In other words called: liquidity-as-a-service (LaaS). When people deposit their tokens into the pools they can earn the LQDR token as a reward.

However, the other option is to lock up the LQDR token to generate xLQDR. It’s a yield-producing vested version of LQDR that enables you to farm the yields that are generated over time by the protocol. The longer you lock up the LQDR token the more xLQDR you get access to and thus more yield. It can be likened to how Curve Finance works.

The last exciting protocol on the FTM ecosystem that will be discussed in this article is Spiritswap. This protocol is a DEX and AMM (automated market maker) that is based on Uniswap. It simply enables you to swap between tokens and an algorithm makes the market for the token pair. Each swap incurs a fee that gets distributed to the liquidity providers on the protocol. It enables you to swap, provide liquidity, and farm tokens.

However, if you lock up SPIRIT which is the token, you get access to inSPIRIT. This token is the governance token and can be used to vote on farms to boost the yield. In order to get access to higher APY’s.

A lot of information to digest, but the possibilities are huge. So is FTM worth the hype? It’s hard to argue that it isn’t. Taking into consideration its fair value in relation to other protocols along with exciting projects being built on the ecosystem. All of this while being beginner-friendly and easy to use and you can understand while it is gaining traction. Do you consider FTM worth the hype?

I want to clarify that even though I am a finance professional, this is not financial advice, and this article is only meant to bring light to the current market situation. I advise everybody to do their own research, I only want to help you to find what you are looking for.

richmorecapital.medium.com

richmorecapital.substack.com

Hello to all the Galeon Tribe!

Sunday, January 9th, at 11:59pm, the ICO doors closed forever… And we managed to raise over $15M in 1 month!

The Christmas holiday period was not the easiest, the cryptocurrency market had its bloody days… BUT we did it! And that’s thanks to you, the community, and we thank you warmly.

With over 30,000 registered users on our platform, the Galeon community has grown very fast.

So, THANK YOU again to all the hospitals, caregivers, patients, crypto community, influencers and all the ICO participants.

We’ve already started the year 2022 with a bang!

Sales

Loïc and Matthieu went to meet our partner Tech Med in Paris. After strategic discussions for the coming year, good news came out: - About ten hospitals in the commercial pipe are VERY hot, the challenge will be big to sign and deploy them all.

Support

We can’t thank Frédéric, Simon and Peter enough, thanks to their commitment and enthusiasm, more than 1700 support tickets have been processed (not to mention that a support ticket can represent more than 20 emails of exchanges!)Today, the support is under control, there are only a few requests left.

Marketing

BIG things are coming for 2022. With the listing scheduled for Q1 (don’t worry, the official date is coming soon!), we want to launch an event about it.Some hints: - It will be in Paris - It will be about a week after the listing- Influencers, media and a LIVE broadcast on twitch- Giveaway to win free tickets for the communityStay tuned for new clues that can be anywhere!

Smart Contracts

On the technical side and especially in anticipation of the listing, Frederic our Blockchain & Smart Contracts expert is making great progress with Peter and Richard. The Smart Contracts for the token will be ready in 2–3 weeks to be submitted to the auditors. We have planned anti-bot and anti-whale measures (even if we have already reduced the possibility of too big whales with 25k$ maximum investment on the ICO Round 2).

Regarding the Staking Smart Contract, which will arrive 1 month after the listing, we expect you to get some HEAVY stuff. More information on the staking program soon.

Recruitment

Thanks to the ICO that we have just closed, the recruitments will intensify, we are therefore looking for :

All job positions will be available on our WelcomeToTheJungle page very soon.

Launchpad

This is the first application of the $GALEON token and we already have companies in mind! Thanks to our network with the HEC incubator and Agoranov, we already have requests from companies to make their ICO on our launchpad. We will soon be launching applications for our accelerator programme, which will include technical support (smart contracts), marketing/communication support, blockchain and tokenomics expertise and the use of our ICO platform, allowing payment in crypto and fiat directly by bank card.

Any NFTs?

Many Galeon Tribe members have enjoyed the investor roles (Shrimp, Crab, Octopus, Fish, Baby Dolphin, Dolphin, Shark, Whale and Godzilla), so we have a few surprises for you to come!

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

FR VersionBonjour à toute la Tribu Galeon !

Dimanche 9 Janvier, à 23h59, les portes de l’ICO se sont fermées à tout jamais… Et nous avons réussi à collecter plus de 15M$ en 1 mois !

La période des vacances de Noël n’était pas la plus simple, le marché des cryptomonnaies a connu des déboires… MAIS nous l’avons fait ! Et ça, c’est grace à vous, la communauté, et nous vous en remercions chaleureusement.

Avec plus de 30 000 utilisateurs enregistrés sur notre plateforme, la communauté Galeon a grandi très vite.

Alors, encore MERCI à tous les hôpitaux, les soignants, les patients, la communauté Crypto, les influenceurs et tous les participants de l’ICO.

On a déjà démarré l’année 2022 sur les chapeaux de roue !

Les Ventes

Loïc et Matthieu sont allés à la rencontre sur Paris de notre partenaire-intégrateur Tech Med. Après des discussions stratégiques pour l’année à venir, il en est ressorti de bonnes nouvelles : - Une dizaine d’hôpitaux dans le pipe commercial sont TRÈS chauds, le défi sera grand pour tous les signer et les déployer.

Le Support

On ne remerciera jamais assez Frédéric, Simon et Peter, grâce à leur engagement et leur ferveur, plus de 1700 tickets de support ont été traités (sans compter qu’un ticket de support peut représenter plus de 20 emails d’échanges !)Aujourd’hui, le support est sous contrôle, il ne reste plus que quelques demandes.

Le Marketing

De GRANDES choses arrive pour l’année 2022. Le listing étant programmé pour ce premier trimestre (pas d’inquiétude, la date officielle arrive bientôt !), nous souhaitons lancer un événement à ce sujet.Quelques indices : - Ce sera sur Paris - Ce sera environ une semaine après le listing- Des influenceurs, des médias et une retranscription en LIVE sur twitch- Des tickets distribués à la communauté sous forme de giveawayRestez à l’affût des nouveaux indices qui peuvent se glisser n’importe où !

Les Smart Contracts

Sur le côté technique et surtout en prévision du listing, Frédéric notre expert Blockchain & Smart Contracts avance très bien avec Richard et Peter. Les Smart Contracts du token seront prêts d’ici 2 à 3 semaines pour être soumis aux auditeurs. Nous avons prévu des mesures anti-bot et anti-whales (même si nous avons déjà réduit la possibilité de trop grosses whales avec 25k$ d’investissement maximum sur le Round 2 de l’ICO).Concernant les Smart Contract de Staking, qui arriveront 1 mois après le listing, nous vous prévoyons du LOURD. Plus d’information sur le programme de staking bientôt.

Les Recrutements

Grâce à la levée de fonds (ICO) que nous venons de clôturer, les recrutements vont s’intensifier, nous recherchons donc :

Toutes les annonces de postes seront très bientôt disponibles sur notre page WelcomeToTheJungle.

Le launchpad

C’est la première application du token $GALEON et nous avons déjà des entreprises en tête ! Grâce à notre réseau avec l’incubateur HEC et Agoranov, nous avons déjà des demandes d’entreprises pour faire leur ICO sur notre launchpad. Nous allons bientôt lancer les candidatures pour notre programme d’accélération, qui comprendra un accompagnement sur le plan technique (smart contracts), le plan marketing/communication, l’expertise blockchain et tokenomics et l’utilisation de notre plateforme d’ICO, permettant le paiement en crypto et en fiat directement par carte bancaire.

Des NFT ?

Beaucoup de membres de la Tribu Galeon ont apprécié les rôles investisseurs (Shrimp, Crab, Octopus, Fish, Baby Dolphin, Dolphin, Shark, Whale et Godzilla), on vous reserve donc quelques surprises sur ce plan là !

Join Galeon Tribe!

In the begining of new year, hope all of our community members has awake from cozy room. Don’t rush into your journey so fast, chat in our telegram group could also make you some extra candies.

Chat in our group, make friends and have fun, meanwhile you may win the reward for it! https://t.me/joinRealLink

1. The Chat challenge will last from 00:00 AM EST 1/05/2022 to 00:00 AM EST 1/12/2022 for 7 days in total2. Event close on 1/13/2022 for auditing, we will dispatch and announce all 1200 REALs at 1/15/20223. The Chat Content must be related to REAL and being positive, chat content can be but not limited to REAL events discussion, price, development optimization of community, trade problems, mining, suggestions, BuzzCast related, and more.4. Chat has to be honest and real, sending bulk and spam messages in a short time will be kicked out from the group.5. Share Pin Post of Chat Challenge6. Follow our Twitter

2. 1200 REALs in total for 20 winnersFirst Place: 150 REALsSecond Place: 125 REALsThird Place: 75 REALsRest 17 activists could get 50 REALs each

3. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeccAxJCSPAVtrnmU6s1580YULQ4SjBZg5hvIgGT2yVXxRdqw/viewform?usp=sf_link

4.