1. Introduction Bitcoin ($BTC), conceived in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, has evolved from an obscure cryptographic experiment into a transformative force challenging traditional financial paradigms. By combining decentralized architecture, cryptographic security, and programmable scarcity, Bitcoin has catalyzed a reimagining of money, value transfer, and economic sovereignty. This paper examines Bitcoin’s technological foundations, its disruptive impact on global finance, and i..

1. Introduction The global monetary landscape is undergoing a transformative shift as cryptocurrencies challenge traditional fiat systems. This research examines the drivers, barriers, and socioeconomic implications of this transition, synthesizing insights from interdisciplinary studies and empirical data across 37 countries (2020–2023).2. Theoretical Foundations and Drivers of Transition2.1. Technological InnovationBlockchain technology enables decentralized transactions with cryptographic s..