1. Introduction The global monetary landscape is undergoing a transformative shift as cryptocurrencies challenge traditional fiat systems. This research examines the drivers, barriers, and socioeconomic implications of this transition, synthesizing insights from interdisciplinary studies and empirical data across 37 countries (2020–2023).2. Theoretical Foundations and Drivers of Transition2.1. Technological InnovationBlockchain technology enables decentralized transactions with cryptographic s..