我从比特币学到的21课
本文取得了Gigi翻译的同意,非常感谢Gigi。 Gigi是Twitter上一个知名的Bitcoiner。 19年我在微博上翻译了Gigi的这个系列,但今年因为国内zc,我把这个内容下架了,最近想还是把这个系列发到Mirror。 比特币是一个兔子洞,真正掉进去的人就别想出来了,我们只有不断向下探寻,这个就是一个真正Bitcoiner的冒险之旅。 因为我懂得不多,英语水平有限,另外我也不是哲学、经济学科班,虽然计算机专业小硕毕业,但是密码学这块涉猎也不多,所以很多内容我都还不能很好的把握,后面准备每个月把自己学习到的和感悟更新到这个系列里面。 另外希望大家指正,不对的地方我下次一起修正。Philosophical Teachings of BitcoinWhat I’ve Learned From Bitcoin: Part ISome questions have easy answers. “What have you learned from Bitcoin?” isn’t one of them. After trying to answer this question ...
以下为@DeFiMiner 翻译整理的Multicoin创始人Kyle Samani近期推文,学习
1、下一轮熊市将跟以往不同,事实上,可能根本不会有熊市。或者只会有半个熊市,熊市周期缩短,这取决于每个人对熊市的定义。 不会那种出现矿难大面积萧条的熊市了,只会有你手中币不涨的熊市 2、广义上讲,加密货币有2类群体:货币加密&技术加密。2011到2017年,由货币加密群体主导;2017年以后,技术加密成为主流。 应该也可以称为加密货币&加密技术可能更准确 3、2017-2018年是货币加密阵营就权利和相关性的争夺,但今天很明显,技术加密主导了时代。 4、仍然有很多人只把 BTC 看作通胀对冲工具,但他们在媒体、社交渠道、会议演讲等中所占的比例越来越小。 ~~加密世界/时代Base 不一定挂在嘴边,就像我们每天用互联网不会提一嘴TCP/IP ~~ 5、货币加密群体主要考虑利率、央行政策等,而技术加密群体更关心建设。 6、作为通胀对冲,政客/央行不可避免地会做一些对 BTC 不利的事情。无论是禁止(或试图禁止),还是提高利率,或者其他行为。这些机构的动作有自然的潮起潮落,BTC-USD自然会做出反应。 7、技术加密群体不关心这些,他们只想打造很酷的新东西。哪怕BTC-USD 的价格因...
Curvance
Curvance: Wrapped Token Lending ProtocolA new way to earn yield and unlock the full power of your liquidity Curvance is a decentralized stablecoin lending protocol with an initial focus on wrapped tokens from the Curve, Convex, Yearn, and Badger ecosystems. Curvance seeks to allow users to continue earning yield while unlocking capital through peer-to-peer lending. Assets such as cvxCRV, bveCVX, and yvBOOST could earn similar or higher APR they would earn on their original platforms, but with...
我从比特币学到的21课
本文取得了Gigi翻译的同意,非常感谢Gigi。 Gigi是Twitter上一个知名的Bitcoiner。 19年我在微博上翻译了Gigi的这个系列,但今年因为国内zc,我把这个内容下架了,最近想还是把这个系列发到Mirror。 比特币是一个兔子洞,真正掉进去的人就别想出来了,我们只有不断向下探寻,这个就是一个真正Bitcoiner的冒险之旅。 因为我懂得不多,英语水平有限,另外我也不是哲学、经济学科班,虽然计算机专业小硕毕业,但是密码学这块涉猎也不多,所以很多内容我都还不能很好的把握,后面准备每个月把自己学习到的和感悟更新到这个系列里面。 另外希望大家指正,不对的地方我下次一起修正。Philosophical Teachings of BitcoinWhat I’ve Learned From Bitcoin: Part ISome questions have easy answers. “What have you learned from Bitcoin?” isn’t one of them. After trying to answer this question ...
以下为@DeFiMiner 翻译整理的Multicoin创始人Kyle Samani近期推文,学习
1、下一轮熊市将跟以往不同,事实上,可能根本不会有熊市。或者只会有半个熊市,熊市周期缩短,这取决于每个人对熊市的定义。 不会那种出现矿难大面积萧条的熊市了,只会有你手中币不涨的熊市 2、广义上讲,加密货币有2类群体:货币加密&技术加密。2011到2017年,由货币加密群体主导;2017年以后,技术加密成为主流。 应该也可以称为加密货币&加密技术可能更准确 3、2017-2018年是货币加密阵营就权利和相关性的争夺,但今天很明显,技术加密主导了时代。 4、仍然有很多人只把 BTC 看作通胀对冲工具,但他们在媒体、社交渠道、会议演讲等中所占的比例越来越小。 ~~加密世界/时代Base 不一定挂在嘴边,就像我们每天用互联网不会提一嘴TCP/IP ~~ 5、货币加密群体主要考虑利率、央行政策等,而技术加密群体更关心建设。 6、作为通胀对冲,政客/央行不可避免地会做一些对 BTC 不利的事情。无论是禁止(或试图禁止),还是提高利率,或者其他行为。这些机构的动作有自然的潮起潮落,BTC-USD自然会做出反应。 7、技术加密群体不关心这些,他们只想打造很酷的新东西。哪怕BTC-USD 的价格因...
Curvance
Curvance: Wrapped Token Lending ProtocolA new way to earn yield and unlock the full power of your liquidity Curvance is a decentralized stablecoin lending protocol with an initial focus on wrapped tokens from the Curve, Convex, Yearn, and Badger ecosystems. Curvance seeks to allow users to continue earning yield while unlocking capital through peer-to-peer lending. Assets such as cvxCRV, bveCVX, and yvBOOST could earn similar or higher APR they would earn on their original platforms, but with...
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Share Dialog
Is the new L1 blockchain still a possibility?
https://twitter.com/milesdeutscher/status/1552281885438488577
Aptos is an exciting new blockchain developed by
, founded by former Meta (FaceBook) employees. It's capable of powering 160,000 TPS, and has $350m of backing from FTX, Coinbase, a16z, Multicoin Capital and more. : A full breakdown of the new Layer 1: Aptos.
Don‘t lack money!
1/ In this thread, I'll cover:
• What is Aptos?
• The Tech
• Development
• Funding
• Ecosystem
• Where it fits in a competitive L1 landscape
@Meta employees
. They previously worked on the now-defunct Diem project by Meta Platforms.
3/ Diem (formerly known as Libra) was a permissioned blockchain-based stablecoin payment system. The project was worked on by Meta for 2 years, before being abandoned in January 2022.
4/ But, born from Diem was Move: A safe and reliable programming language which is now powering two new L1s: Sui (by
@Mysten_Labs ), and Aptos (by @AptosLabs ).
5/ THE TECH "Move" is aimed to solve the flaws of Solidity and EVM. It is:
• Originally designed for Meta (FaceBook)
• Memory safe
• Quick for dev testing
• Expressive
• Home to both SUI and Aptos (up-and-coming L1s)
https://twitter.com/tracecrypto1/status/1544332560389607424
The Hightlight is Move language.
6/ TLDR: Don't fade Move (it's very impressive).
https://twitter.com/simplyianm/status/1546682656301219840
7/ Aptos itself is defined as a high throughput and performance blockchain, which has a theoretical limit of TPS 160,000. It's a POS blockchain, which harnesses the power of Move to implement the parallel execution of transactions via a BFT consensus.
https://medium.com/aptoslabs/the-genesis-of-aptos-ff98d86e9445
8/
@AptosLabs uses a Block-STM execution method, capable of powering 160,000 TPS. "We designed and implemented a highly efficient, multi-threaded, in-memory parallel execution engine that can execute over 160k non-trivial Move transactions per second."
9/ They achieve this by bypassing the sequential execution that many blockchains utilise (but isn't optimal for scaling), instead opting for "a parallel execution engine that extracts the maximum inherent speedup that is possible." The chart below plots Block STM performance.

10/ Even
@aeyakovenko (Solana co-founder) is a big fan of Parallelizable execution environments.
https://twitter.com/aeyakovenko/status/1546535426583719937
11/ The tech is so exciting that one of his colleagues from
@solana , @austinvirts decided to join @AptosLabs as Director of Ecosystem.
https://twitter.com/austinvirts/status/1549115616233041920
12/ Apparently, the network speed is so fast that the team minted millions of NFTs on testnet in under an hour 'for fun.' This makes the chain perfectly suited to blockchain NFTs/gaming, a space which is expected to grow rapidly.
https://medium.com/aptoslabs/aptos-nfts-solving-nft-minting-at-scale-79a4334ac8ac
13/ Aptos approaches tech developments with user experience in mind. This stems from the belief that "the user experience needs significant improvement in safety and scalability in order to reach the masses." If executed correctly, it could offer a major competitive advantage.
14/ DEVELOPMENT Aptos has a Devnet which allows coders to contribute open-source code. Impressively, there's already a huge list of developers, including: Coinbase, Binance, Anchorage, Blockorus, Livepeer, Moonclave, Paxos, Paymagic, Rarible etc.
15/ ~8000 developers are currently in the Aptos Discord server, which consists of 63,000 members. Additionally, there are already ~4k node operators from 40 countries. This is despite Aptos not yet having a whitepaper.
16/ In order to incentivise development, Aptos announced a grant program. DeFi, NFTs and Gaming are key focuses for the team, who are paying (a not yet disclosed amount) to developers who successfully apply for their grant program.
https://medium.com/aptoslabs/announcing-the-aptos-grant-program-7654b92e22a1
17/ Development is an important consideration, as it affects the quality of applications on-chain (impacting user acquisition). Invest early in the cycle and you stand to benefit the most, as per the flow of funds model: Capital > Developers > Users > Transactions > TVL >Price.
18/ FUNDING Aptos is one of the most well-funded projects in crypto. They announced a $200m funding round in March, led by
. The raise also includes investments from: • Multicoin Capital • Coinbase Ventures • 3AC (this aged well) • Tiger Global • FTX Ventures

19/ Fast forward to yesterday, and Aptos announced their Series A funding round, raising an additional $150m.
https://twitter.com/AptosLabs/status/1551559864744386560
20/ This round includes some HUGE backers: • FTX Ventures (led the round) • Jump Crypto • Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) • Multicoin Capital • Circle Ventures
21/ For comparison, $SOL raised $25m before launch, compared to Aptos at $350m.
https://twitter.com/coinmamba/status/1551624745774465024
22/ Sui by
, which is also built on the Move programming language and shares many of the same investors, is an official parter of Aptos. Both have been heavily bet on by VCs, commanding valuations of $2b+. They are being touted as 'The Heirs of Diem.'
23/ A partnership between the two likely indicates interoperability, made seamless by Move. The success of one inherently benefits the success of the other (hence why most VCs decided to bet on both). Read more about Sui here:
https://twitter.com/milesdeutscher/status/1547048951504703488
24/ Importantly, although they both use Move and share similar backers: The technology does have some key differences: This thread does a great job of comparing each aspect of the two:
https://twitter.com/cryptoalvatar/status/1551878534926401537
25/ ECOSYSTEM There are 5 major ecosystem sectors that the Aptos team is working on: • A decentralised stablecoin • AMM/DEX • Custom wallet • Money Market • Oracle Full credit to
26/ Let's break down these 5 key projects from each category: STABLECOIN: Thala Labs
is building a 'hyper efficient' stablecoin on Move. The protocol documents are expected 'soon'.
https://twitter.com/ThalaLabs/status/1552052231624466432
27/ DEX: Pontum Network
is the first DEX on Aptos. Offering volatile (Uniswap), and stable (Curve) asset swaps. It's also backed by: •
•
•
•
•
https://docs.pontem.network/00.-about-pontem/about
28/ WALLET: Martian Wallet
is a digital wallet, available as a chrome extension (similar to MetaMask). It looks set to become Aptos' biggest wallet, and already has 15,000+ downloads. Here's a video of it in action:
https://twitter.com/martian_wallet/status/1551250361771610116
29/ MONEY MARKET: Vial
is a borrowing/lending platform, similar to
. A much needed piece of infrastructure in an advanced DeFi ecosystem.

30/ ORACLE: Switchboard
is an oracle on the Solana mainnet, which is expanding to Aptos. We will also probably see a
integration in the future too.
31/ But, the ecosystem is even more expansive than these 5 projects, with over 100 known projects currently in development.
https://twitter.com/MrAme34090868/status/1551320554841448448
32/ So, with big backers, deep pockets, an experienced team and active ecosystem development - how does Aptos fit into the current layer 1 landscape? Firstly, let's consider the vested interests at play (VC backing).
33/ It's clear by now that
is making big bets on both Sui and Aptos, leading funding rounds for both. Clearly Sam is a fan of Move and the technology powering these chains. It's never wise to zig when Sam zags. But what does that mean for
's other ventures?
34/ .
raised a valid point: That the launch of this chain could detract from the value capture of SBF's other tokens.
https://twitter.com/pythianism/status/1551574958450655232
35/ We know that SBF has a vested interest in multiple tokens, thus capturing the upside of his trajectory may become more difficult than anticipated. Does $SOL take a tangible hit with the focus shifting to Aptos? It's certainly an ever-increasing competitive landscape.
36/ But in such a competitive landscape, where does Aptos fit in? Firstly, the flexibility, security and interoperability provided by Move is a huge advantage. If they can deliver on the tech, users and developers should love Aptos, considering their heavy focus on UI.
37/ More L1s means more competition. Competition leads to increased innovation, yielding better results for the consumer in the long run. Although it makes portfolio allocation slightly more difficult, a competitive environment is exactly what web 3.0 needs to progress.
From an investing perspective, the thing that Aptos looks most like is not Solana. It’s Dfinity/EOS/Filecoin/Algorand.
Especially Aptos will launched in the early bear market!
Is the new L1 blockchain still a possibility?
https://twitter.com/milesdeutscher/status/1552281885438488577
Aptos is an exciting new blockchain developed by
, founded by former Meta (FaceBook) employees. It's capable of powering 160,000 TPS, and has $350m of backing from FTX, Coinbase, a16z, Multicoin Capital and more. : A full breakdown of the new Layer 1: Aptos.
Don‘t lack money!
1/ In this thread, I'll cover:
• What is Aptos?
• The Tech
• Development
• Funding
• Ecosystem
• Where it fits in a competitive L1 landscape
@Meta employees
. They previously worked on the now-defunct Diem project by Meta Platforms.
3/ Diem (formerly known as Libra) was a permissioned blockchain-based stablecoin payment system. The project was worked on by Meta for 2 years, before being abandoned in January 2022.
4/ But, born from Diem was Move: A safe and reliable programming language which is now powering two new L1s: Sui (by
@Mysten_Labs ), and Aptos (by @AptosLabs ).
5/ THE TECH "Move" is aimed to solve the flaws of Solidity and EVM. It is:
• Originally designed for Meta (FaceBook)
• Memory safe
• Quick for dev testing
• Expressive
• Home to both SUI and Aptos (up-and-coming L1s)
https://twitter.com/tracecrypto1/status/1544332560389607424
The Hightlight is Move language.
6/ TLDR: Don't fade Move (it's very impressive).
https://twitter.com/simplyianm/status/1546682656301219840
7/ Aptos itself is defined as a high throughput and performance blockchain, which has a theoretical limit of TPS 160,000. It's a POS blockchain, which harnesses the power of Move to implement the parallel execution of transactions via a BFT consensus.
https://medium.com/aptoslabs/the-genesis-of-aptos-ff98d86e9445
8/
@AptosLabs uses a Block-STM execution method, capable of powering 160,000 TPS. "We designed and implemented a highly efficient, multi-threaded, in-memory parallel execution engine that can execute over 160k non-trivial Move transactions per second."
9/ They achieve this by bypassing the sequential execution that many blockchains utilise (but isn't optimal for scaling), instead opting for "a parallel execution engine that extracts the maximum inherent speedup that is possible." The chart below plots Block STM performance.

10/ Even
@aeyakovenko (Solana co-founder) is a big fan of Parallelizable execution environments.
https://twitter.com/aeyakovenko/status/1546535426583719937
11/ The tech is so exciting that one of his colleagues from
@solana , @austinvirts decided to join @AptosLabs as Director of Ecosystem.
https://twitter.com/austinvirts/status/1549115616233041920
12/ Apparently, the network speed is so fast that the team minted millions of NFTs on testnet in under an hour 'for fun.' This makes the chain perfectly suited to blockchain NFTs/gaming, a space which is expected to grow rapidly.
https://medium.com/aptoslabs/aptos-nfts-solving-nft-minting-at-scale-79a4334ac8ac
13/ Aptos approaches tech developments with user experience in mind. This stems from the belief that "the user experience needs significant improvement in safety and scalability in order to reach the masses." If executed correctly, it could offer a major competitive advantage.
14/ DEVELOPMENT Aptos has a Devnet which allows coders to contribute open-source code. Impressively, there's already a huge list of developers, including: Coinbase, Binance, Anchorage, Blockorus, Livepeer, Moonclave, Paxos, Paymagic, Rarible etc.
15/ ~8000 developers are currently in the Aptos Discord server, which consists of 63,000 members. Additionally, there are already ~4k node operators from 40 countries. This is despite Aptos not yet having a whitepaper.
16/ In order to incentivise development, Aptos announced a grant program. DeFi, NFTs and Gaming are key focuses for the team, who are paying (a not yet disclosed amount) to developers who successfully apply for their grant program.
https://medium.com/aptoslabs/announcing-the-aptos-grant-program-7654b92e22a1
17/ Development is an important consideration, as it affects the quality of applications on-chain (impacting user acquisition). Invest early in the cycle and you stand to benefit the most, as per the flow of funds model: Capital > Developers > Users > Transactions > TVL >Price.
18/ FUNDING Aptos is one of the most well-funded projects in crypto. They announced a $200m funding round in March, led by
. The raise also includes investments from: • Multicoin Capital • Coinbase Ventures • 3AC (this aged well) • Tiger Global • FTX Ventures

19/ Fast forward to yesterday, and Aptos announced their Series A funding round, raising an additional $150m.
https://twitter.com/AptosLabs/status/1551559864744386560
20/ This round includes some HUGE backers: • FTX Ventures (led the round) • Jump Crypto • Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) • Multicoin Capital • Circle Ventures
21/ For comparison, $SOL raised $25m before launch, compared to Aptos at $350m.
https://twitter.com/coinmamba/status/1551624745774465024
22/ Sui by
, which is also built on the Move programming language and shares many of the same investors, is an official parter of Aptos. Both have been heavily bet on by VCs, commanding valuations of $2b+. They are being touted as 'The Heirs of Diem.'
23/ A partnership between the two likely indicates interoperability, made seamless by Move. The success of one inherently benefits the success of the other (hence why most VCs decided to bet on both). Read more about Sui here:
https://twitter.com/milesdeutscher/status/1547048951504703488
24/ Importantly, although they both use Move and share similar backers: The technology does have some key differences: This thread does a great job of comparing each aspect of the two:
https://twitter.com/cryptoalvatar/status/1551878534926401537
25/ ECOSYSTEM There are 5 major ecosystem sectors that the Aptos team is working on: • A decentralised stablecoin • AMM/DEX • Custom wallet • Money Market • Oracle Full credit to
26/ Let's break down these 5 key projects from each category: STABLECOIN: Thala Labs
is building a 'hyper efficient' stablecoin on Move. The protocol documents are expected 'soon'.
https://twitter.com/ThalaLabs/status/1552052231624466432
27/ DEX: Pontum Network
is the first DEX on Aptos. Offering volatile (Uniswap), and stable (Curve) asset swaps. It's also backed by: •
•
•
•
•
https://docs.pontem.network/00.-about-pontem/about
28/ WALLET: Martian Wallet
is a digital wallet, available as a chrome extension (similar to MetaMask). It looks set to become Aptos' biggest wallet, and already has 15,000+ downloads. Here's a video of it in action:
https://twitter.com/martian_wallet/status/1551250361771610116
29/ MONEY MARKET: Vial
is a borrowing/lending platform, similar to
. A much needed piece of infrastructure in an advanced DeFi ecosystem.

30/ ORACLE: Switchboard
is an oracle on the Solana mainnet, which is expanding to Aptos. We will also probably see a
integration in the future too.
31/ But, the ecosystem is even more expansive than these 5 projects, with over 100 known projects currently in development.
https://twitter.com/MrAme34090868/status/1551320554841448448
32/ So, with big backers, deep pockets, an experienced team and active ecosystem development - how does Aptos fit into the current layer 1 landscape? Firstly, let's consider the vested interests at play (VC backing).
33/ It's clear by now that
is making big bets on both Sui and Aptos, leading funding rounds for both. Clearly Sam is a fan of Move and the technology powering these chains. It's never wise to zig when Sam zags. But what does that mean for
's other ventures?
34/ .
raised a valid point: That the launch of this chain could detract from the value capture of SBF's other tokens.
https://twitter.com/pythianism/status/1551574958450655232
35/ We know that SBF has a vested interest in multiple tokens, thus capturing the upside of his trajectory may become more difficult than anticipated. Does $SOL take a tangible hit with the focus shifting to Aptos? It's certainly an ever-increasing competitive landscape.
36/ But in such a competitive landscape, where does Aptos fit in? Firstly, the flexibility, security and interoperability provided by Move is a huge advantage. If they can deliver on the tech, users and developers should love Aptos, considering their heavy focus on UI.
37/ More L1s means more competition. Competition leads to increased innovation, yielding better results for the consumer in the long run. Although it makes portfolio allocation slightly more difficult, a competitive environment is exactly what web 3.0 needs to progress.
From an investing perspective, the thing that Aptos looks most like is not Solana. It’s Dfinity/EOS/Filecoin/Algorand.
Especially Aptos will launched in the early bear market!

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