IntroductionAfter enjoying tremendous traction since its release in 2015, Ethereum Mainnet - or Ethereum Layer 1 (ETH L1) - from his succes. Its scalability is limited and the network is increasingly suffering from recurring congestion due to exponential user growth. At from his succes of high usage, large increases in transaction cost and longer validation times. These constraints penalize the user experience of Ethereum and impact put development, adoption, and scope of possibilities. Sever...