Welcome to the one hundred thirty-second edition of the Japan FinTech Observer. What a difference a year makes! After last year's LDP leadership election, which Ishiba won in a run-off against Takaichi, the TOPIX sold off -3.5% and the Japanese Yen strengthened from ¥146 to below ¥142 to the US Dollar. This year, after Takaichi beat Koizumi in a run-off, the TOPIX strengthened about 3.25%, and the Japanese Yen weakened from ¥147.5 to over ¥150.