Traditional monolithic execution layers rely on 1000s of block producers and non-producing full nodes, requiring a majority of them to act honestly. In contrast, layer 2s only require a single honest "Sequencer" to guarantee network integrity. This asymmetric trade-off suggests that layer 2s will consistently deliver high throughput and significant performance advantages, even when the same hardware is employed by both layer 1 and layer 2. This is due to the inefficiencies of synchronization ...

Traditional monolithic execution layers rely on 1000s of block producers and non-producing full nodes, requiring a majority of them to act honestly. In contrast, layer 2s only require a single honest "Sequencer" to guarantee network integrity. This asymmetric trade-off suggests that layer 2s will consistently deliver high throughput and significant performance advantages, even when the same hardware is employed by both layer 1 and layer 2. This is due to the inefficiencies of synchronization ...

What Are Hard Tech Start-ups?Hard tech start-ups are those that many perceive as nearly impossible to build. They require extensive time and resources to develop the initial product. Consider SpaceX's reusable rockets: initially deemed unfeasible, they underwent years of rigorous development. Ultimately, SpaceX succeeded, creating rapidly reusable rockets that reduced the cost of launching by tenfold and significantly accelerated space exploration and the potential colonization of Mars.W...

What Are Hard Tech Start-ups?Hard tech start-ups are those that many perceive as nearly impossible to build. They require extensive time and resources to develop the initial product. Consider SpaceX's reusable rockets: initially deemed unfeasible, they underwent years of rigorous development. Ultimately, SpaceX succeeded, creating rapidly reusable rockets that reduced the cost of launching by tenfold and significantly accelerated space exploration and the potential colonization of Mars.W...

In Crypto, there are a lot of applications that haven’t found product-market fit. But there is also a handful of applications that have a product market fit and are growing stably Here I will just explain my thoughts on which applications have Product-Market-Fit. Storage of Value (an asset that maintains or increases its value rather than depreciating)Bitcoin is the dominant product-market fit for this, followed by ETH. However, BTC has questionable long-term sustainability properties. Thanks...

In Crypto, there are a lot of applications that haven’t found product-market fit. But there is also a handful of applications that have a product market fit and are growing stably Here I will just explain my thoughts on which applications have Product-Market-Fit. Storage of Value (an asset that maintains or increases its value rather than depreciating)Bitcoin is the dominant product-market fit for this, followed by ETH. However, BTC has questionable long-term sustainability properties. Thanks...

Before learning about 3Cities: A Peek into Web2 Payments, The Current Landscape In the familiar terrain of Web2, payments are dominated by centralized systems like credit cards, payment gateways, and e-wallets. These systems offer convenience and speed, but they come with trade-offs:Intermediaries: Centralized systems act as gatekeepers, controlling who can participate and what transactions are allowed. This can lead to censorship, exclusion, and high fees.Opacity: Transactions often happen b...

Before learning about 3Cities: A Peek into Web2 Payments, The Current Landscape In the familiar terrain of Web2, payments are dominated by centralized systems like credit cards, payment gateways, and e-wallets. These systems offer convenience and speed, but they come with trade-offs:Intermediaries: Centralized systems act as gatekeepers, controlling who can participate and what transactions are allowed. This can lead to censorship, exclusion, and high fees.Opacity: Transactions often happen b...

Wallets serve as the key tools for everyone to use crypto. They’re how people get into DeFi and send tokens. If a user’s first wallet experience is scary or hard, they might give up on crypto entirely. This article is directed at wallet developers, and here are my suggestions on what needs to be improved: Simplifying Crypto On and Off-Ramps: Buying crypto directly from your wallet isn’t always easy. Some wallets now include options to purchase crypto, but they often ask you to fill out a long...

Wallets serve as the key tools for everyone to use crypto. They’re how people get into DeFi and send tokens. If a user’s first wallet experience is scary or hard, they might give up on crypto entirely. This article is directed at wallet developers, and here are my suggestions on what needs to be improved: Simplifying Crypto On and Off-Ramps: Buying crypto directly from your wallet isn’t always easy. Some wallets now include options to purchase crypto, but they often ask you to fill out a long...

it’s almost 2024, the crypto is almost 15 years old. Today, if we look at the precious few protocols in crypto that have strong product-market fit - store-of-value, stablecoins, core DeFi, NFTs, ENS, gambling/speculation most of this was imagined a decade ago, mentioned in Ethereum White paper. Ntg new, only tech got better. We keep wasting >90% of our time, capital, and resources on dead-end useless narratives in delusion. Most of protocol’s are destined to fail with no Users. let’s build pr...

it’s almost 2024, the crypto is almost 15 years old. Today, if we look at the precious few protocols in crypto that have strong product-market fit - store-of-value, stablecoins, core DeFi, NFTs, ENS, gambling/speculation most of this was imagined a decade ago, mentioned in Ethereum White paper. Ntg new, only tech got better. We keep wasting >90% of our time, capital, and resources on dead-end useless narratives in delusion. Most of protocol’s are destined to fail with no Users. let’s build pr...

In my first article, I argued that money remains the most important application of Blockchain. However, for this vision to be successful, we need Stablecoins. This is because volatile assets like cryptocurrency cannot be used for daily transfers. Additionally, while many NFTs are priced in terms of ETH, this is not ideal. Ultimately, the value is converted to USD representation anyway. In this article, I will share my understanding of stablecoins. Vitalik has categorized stablecoins into thre...

In my first article, I argued that money remains the most important application of Blockchain. However, for this vision to be successful, we need Stablecoins. This is because volatile assets like cryptocurrency cannot be used for daily transfers. Additionally, while many NFTs are priced in terms of ETH, this is not ideal. Ultimately, the value is converted to USD representation anyway. In this article, I will share my understanding of stablecoins. Vitalik has categorized stablecoins into thre...

Want to know more about it? To understand this shift, let's take a quick look at the past. After Bitcoin was released in 2009, many developers tried to build things like color coins and naming services on top of Bitcoin. However, a lot of the Bitcoin community was against this development and mainly focused on Bitcoin's money narrative. This led to the creation of other blockchains like Ethereum (Vitalik was also part of color coin) and most of the developers in Bitcoin moved to the...

Want to know more about it? To understand this shift, let's take a quick look at the past. After Bitcoin was released in 2009, many developers tried to build things like color coins and naming services on top of Bitcoin. However, a lot of the Bitcoin community was against this development and mainly focused on Bitcoin's money narrative. This led to the creation of other blockchains like Ethereum (Vitalik was also part of color coin) and most of the developers in Bitcoin moved to the...

During the recent bull run, people have paid 100 dollars in gas fees for transactions on Ethereum. Here are 4 ways you can reduce your gas fees by 5 times: Timing is key One of the biggest factors that affect gas fees is the level of activity on the blockchain. By scheduling your transactions for times when the blockchain is less congested, you can often get much lower fees.Use the “low” gas option. Many wallets offer a “low” gas option that allows you to prioritize lower fees over faster tra...

During the recent bull run, people have paid 100 dollars in gas fees for transactions on Ethereum. Here are 4 ways you can reduce your gas fees by 5 times: Timing is key One of the biggest factors that affect gas fees is the level of activity on the blockchain. By scheduling your transactions for times when the blockchain is less congested, you can often get much lower fees.Use the “low” gas option. Many wallets offer a “low” gas option that allows you to prioritize lower fees over faster tra...

Before delving into the world of Decentralized Social Media, it’s essential to understand the issues associated with Web2 Social Media. Web2 social media platforms often exert significant control over user-generated content, primarily through their terms of service and user agreements. Upon signing up for these platforms, users consent to these terms, which often grant the platform ownership and authority over the content they create. Monetization Problems are prevalent in Web2 social media:F...

Before delving into the world of Decentralized Social Media, it’s essential to understand the issues associated with Web2 Social Media. Web2 social media platforms often exert significant control over user-generated content, primarily through their terms of service and user agreements. Upon signing up for these platforms, users consent to these terms, which often grant the platform ownership and authority over the content they create. Monetization Problems are prevalent in Web2 social media:F...

In times of war, it’s important to know how cryptocurrency can help protect your money. When there’s a war, the local money can lose its value. For example, in the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Russian Rouble, Czech koruna, and Polish zloty lost value compared to the US dollar. Cryptocurrency Solution: To save your life savings, think about changing your money into something stable like USD pegged Stable coins like USDC, Tether, DAI. How to Get Stable Coins: Use an exchange to get cryptocurrency. ...

In times of war, it’s important to know how cryptocurrency can help protect your money. When there’s a war, the local money can lose its value. For example, in the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Russian Rouble, Czech koruna, and Polish zloty lost value compared to the US dollar. Cryptocurrency Solution: To save your life savings, think about changing your money into something stable like USD pegged Stable coins like USDC, Tether, DAI. How to Get Stable Coins: Use an exchange to get cryptocurrency. ...

Hey there! I noticed that sometimes developers and investors might not fully understand the true value that web3 brings or which applications are worth building on blockchains. That's why I'm writing a series of articles focusing on the main applications that make sense on the blockchain. This is the first article, and I hope it helps.Cryptocurrency: The Internet's Money LayerIn a recent post, Vitalik mentioned that "Money: the first and still most important app," and I totally...

Hey there! I noticed that sometimes developers and investors might not fully understand the true value that web3 brings or which applications are worth building on blockchains. That's why I'm writing a series of articles focusing on the main applications that make sense on the blockchain. This is the first article, and I hope it helps.Cryptocurrency: The Internet's Money LayerIn a recent post, Vitalik mentioned that "Money: the first and still most important app," and I totally...