moonduck15L1 DOT Polkadot
A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS impl...
moonduck15L1 ATOM Cosmos
A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS impl...
moonduck15L1 CELO Celo
A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS impl...
wagmi Investor Technologist @moonduck15
moonduck15L1 DOT Polkadot
A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS impl...
moonduck15L1 ATOM Cosmos
A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS impl...
moonduck15L1 CELO Celo
A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS impl...
wagmi Investor Technologist @moonduck15
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A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint
I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS implies the coin or token and AXS implies the foundation/DAO/founders as appropriate
Status : DRAFT
Basics
Price Action
Stats and Links
Highlight Pro and Con
Technology
Apps Ecosystem
Funds and Promotions
Readings
Algorand ( $ALGO) was founded by Turing Award-winning cryptographer Silvio Micali and has Singapore based Algorand Foundation Boston , USA Algorand Inc. It has Kenneth Rogoff [Harvard Economics Professor , ex Governor US Fed] and Naval Ravikant [ Prolific investor Angel list founder ] as advisors. Algorand plans to offer facilities to make it easy for government public projects and base for CBDC.
ALGO uses a variation of Proof-of-Stake (PoS) called Pure PoS (PPoS) to secure the network and reach consensus on block production. Unlike other PoS models, PPoS does not reward, nor does it put validator or slashes. Algorand intends an on-chain governance system.
483% return from 2021 low to high.
0.3349USD (Jan 1) - 1.6702USD( Dec 31) for 398.63% return in 2021
Community Stats 63K+ Reddit, 23K+ Twitter, 42K+ Telegram
Links Website Whitepaper Medium Twitter Telegram Reddit Discord Github Explorer
Highlight Pros & Cons
Any user can participate in validation. No staking required. Users select themselves per cycle by lite local cryptography work and minimal network traffic in consensus cycle
Architecture for Government usage with ability for Permissioned Initiators for FATF travel rule , whitelist and blacklist addresses, freeze and clawback assets.
Deterministic finality to the chain. No forking.
Archival snapshot for OLAP query and analytics
Relatively small apps ecosystem
No EVM compatibility
C3: A new cross chain state proof mechanism
In Algorand's Proof of Stake pure consensus, called PPOS( Pure POS) a committee and a leader are randomly selected from the global validator set ( Users with $ALSO) through a verifiably random function (VRF) and self selection by a cryptographically random fair lottery. The committees rotate block by block to reach consensus. Algorand does not need staked validator but uses $ALGO as weights in voting.
Relay nodes serve as network hubs and maintain connections to many other nodes. These nodes have high-performance network connections which allow for efficient communication paths, ultimately reducing the number of hops and the transmit time of sending a message throughout the network.
Participation nodes are running the Algorand consensus protocol, and communicate with each other through relay nodes. They have some users online with who act as validators but do not need to commit stakes or suffer penalty in slash.
Any user holding $ALGO can participate. Online users do not use their spending keys (i.e., the keys they use to sign transactions) for consensus. Instead, a user must generate and register a specialized time limited participation key before going online.
Offline Accounts: Users not participating in consensus layer or offline
Consensus
Random sampling or partitioning validator set sortition mechanism.
Every block in Algorand reveals a new random and unpredictable selection seed that determines which users should participate in the next round of the consensus protocol.
A user thru the participating node where they have registered the participation key secretly checks whether they were selected to participate by evaluating a Verifiable Random Function (VRF) with their secret participation key and the selection seed. This computation is minimal, so even a limited device such as a Raspberry Pi can do it.
Every user receives an amount of rewards proportional to their stake for every block that is committed to the chain
As long as enough of them run the consensus protocol honestly, the blockchain is guaranteed to never fork, even if all the relay nodes are compromised. The Algorand blockchain never forks.
Two blocks can never be propagated to the chain at once because only one block can have the required threshold of committee votes. At most, one block is certified and written to the chain in a given round. Accordingly, all transactions are final in Algorand.
Consensus requires three steps to propose, confirm, and write a block to the blockchain: 1) propose, 2) soft vote, and 3) certify vote. A node is aware of the online accounts it has as participating and will scan to check which are part of the the current block cycle and arrange a vote. Then the certify cycle starts with a fresh random set of user accounts selected to check for double spending etc. Each participating node iterates through its managed accounts to select a committee and to send votes. These votes are collected and validated by each node until a quorum is reached, triggering an end to the round and prompting the node to create a certificate for the block and write it to the ledger. At that point, a new round is initiated and the process starts over.
Only a small subset of users selected to participate each time a new block is generated
Number of selected users doesn’t change as the total number of network users increases
Users do not need to communicate with others to determine whether they’re selected
Total communication cost of the network scales linearly
Blocks typically finalize within seconds
A short succinct video may help.Algorand Foundation Classroom: Security
Smart contracts written in a programming language called TEAL (Transaction Execution Approval Language ) or thru Python using a PyTeal library ) in the Algorand Virtual Machine (AVM) . ERC-20 style tokens as Algorand Standard Assets (ASA). There are Manager , Freeze, Reserve , Clawback,address to manage the token like freeze for KYC/AML and burn if conditions require. Algorand supports multisig bundle of transactions in an atomic transactions.
Algorand suggests a separate Datawarehouse approach for query and analytics
10 Billon $ALGO supply with 6.98 issued and 4.4 Mill with Foundation.
Funding
2018 Seed and funding round and 2019 funding round of 72 Mill with Union Square Ventures, Pillar, Polybus,NGC etc
Promotion
C3: Algorand to Scale Ethereum with Groundbreaking Protocol
C3 is more-so focused on cross-chain settlement and collateral management, it is not quite a “bridge” to Ethereum in the traditional sense. A bridge seeks to shuttle assets to and from chains, like from Algorand to Ethereum and vice versa. Nevertheless, C3 is looking to change the game in how chains can see into each other’s “state.” Without going into the weeds, Algorand has devised what is called a “state proof.” This is what C3 is implementing.
LoginID and Algorand partner for FIDO-certified biometric authentication
Instimatch collaboration for Islamic banking, RegTech, and payments
A cheat sheet to illustrate details on Investors checklist for Blockchains . Data or stats are not authoritative and picked from scans of tweets, discord , telegram reddit etc 2021 Q4 and some references are provided. In case of any misses do let me know and I will update. These notes are more on under-the-hood engineering look. A separate article will cover the business development viewpoint
I use the trading ticker rather then name and for example for Axie Infinity blockchain game $AXS implies the coin or token and AXS implies the foundation/DAO/founders as appropriate
Status : DRAFT
Basics
Price Action
Stats and Links
Highlight Pro and Con
Technology
Apps Ecosystem
Funds and Promotions
Readings
Algorand ( $ALGO) was founded by Turing Award-winning cryptographer Silvio Micali and has Singapore based Algorand Foundation Boston , USA Algorand Inc. It has Kenneth Rogoff [Harvard Economics Professor , ex Governor US Fed] and Naval Ravikant [ Prolific investor Angel list founder ] as advisors. Algorand plans to offer facilities to make it easy for government public projects and base for CBDC.
ALGO uses a variation of Proof-of-Stake (PoS) called Pure PoS (PPoS) to secure the network and reach consensus on block production. Unlike other PoS models, PPoS does not reward, nor does it put validator or slashes. Algorand intends an on-chain governance system.
483% return from 2021 low to high.
0.3349USD (Jan 1) - 1.6702USD( Dec 31) for 398.63% return in 2021
Community Stats 63K+ Reddit, 23K+ Twitter, 42K+ Telegram
Links Website Whitepaper Medium Twitter Telegram Reddit Discord Github Explorer
Highlight Pros & Cons
Any user can participate in validation. No staking required. Users select themselves per cycle by lite local cryptography work and minimal network traffic in consensus cycle
Architecture for Government usage with ability for Permissioned Initiators for FATF travel rule , whitelist and blacklist addresses, freeze and clawback assets.
Deterministic finality to the chain. No forking.
Archival snapshot for OLAP query and analytics
Relatively small apps ecosystem
No EVM compatibility
C3: A new cross chain state proof mechanism
In Algorand's Proof of Stake pure consensus, called PPOS( Pure POS) a committee and a leader are randomly selected from the global validator set ( Users with $ALSO) through a verifiably random function (VRF) and self selection by a cryptographically random fair lottery. The committees rotate block by block to reach consensus. Algorand does not need staked validator but uses $ALGO as weights in voting.
Relay nodes serve as network hubs and maintain connections to many other nodes. These nodes have high-performance network connections which allow for efficient communication paths, ultimately reducing the number of hops and the transmit time of sending a message throughout the network.
Participation nodes are running the Algorand consensus protocol, and communicate with each other through relay nodes. They have some users online with who act as validators but do not need to commit stakes or suffer penalty in slash.
Any user holding $ALGO can participate. Online users do not use their spending keys (i.e., the keys they use to sign transactions) for consensus. Instead, a user must generate and register a specialized time limited participation key before going online.
Offline Accounts: Users not participating in consensus layer or offline
Consensus
Random sampling or partitioning validator set sortition mechanism.
Every block in Algorand reveals a new random and unpredictable selection seed that determines which users should participate in the next round of the consensus protocol.
A user thru the participating node where they have registered the participation key secretly checks whether they were selected to participate by evaluating a Verifiable Random Function (VRF) with their secret participation key and the selection seed. This computation is minimal, so even a limited device such as a Raspberry Pi can do it.
Every user receives an amount of rewards proportional to their stake for every block that is committed to the chain
As long as enough of them run the consensus protocol honestly, the blockchain is guaranteed to never fork, even if all the relay nodes are compromised. The Algorand blockchain never forks.
Two blocks can never be propagated to the chain at once because only one block can have the required threshold of committee votes. At most, one block is certified and written to the chain in a given round. Accordingly, all transactions are final in Algorand.
Consensus requires three steps to propose, confirm, and write a block to the blockchain: 1) propose, 2) soft vote, and 3) certify vote. A node is aware of the online accounts it has as participating and will scan to check which are part of the the current block cycle and arrange a vote. Then the certify cycle starts with a fresh random set of user accounts selected to check for double spending etc. Each participating node iterates through its managed accounts to select a committee and to send votes. These votes are collected and validated by each node until a quorum is reached, triggering an end to the round and prompting the node to create a certificate for the block and write it to the ledger. At that point, a new round is initiated and the process starts over.
Only a small subset of users selected to participate each time a new block is generated
Number of selected users doesn’t change as the total number of network users increases
Users do not need to communicate with others to determine whether they’re selected
Total communication cost of the network scales linearly
Blocks typically finalize within seconds
A short succinct video may help.Algorand Foundation Classroom: Security
Smart contracts written in a programming language called TEAL (Transaction Execution Approval Language ) or thru Python using a PyTeal library ) in the Algorand Virtual Machine (AVM) . ERC-20 style tokens as Algorand Standard Assets (ASA). There are Manager , Freeze, Reserve , Clawback,address to manage the token like freeze for KYC/AML and burn if conditions require. Algorand supports multisig bundle of transactions in an atomic transactions.
Algorand suggests a separate Datawarehouse approach for query and analytics
10 Billon $ALGO supply with 6.98 issued and 4.4 Mill with Foundation.
Funding
2018 Seed and funding round and 2019 funding round of 72 Mill with Union Square Ventures, Pillar, Polybus,NGC etc
Promotion
C3: Algorand to Scale Ethereum with Groundbreaking Protocol
C3 is more-so focused on cross-chain settlement and collateral management, it is not quite a “bridge” to Ethereum in the traditional sense. A bridge seeks to shuttle assets to and from chains, like from Algorand to Ethereum and vice versa. Nevertheless, C3 is looking to change the game in how chains can see into each other’s “state.” Without going into the weeds, Algorand has devised what is called a “state proof.” This is what C3 is implementing.
LoginID and Algorand partner for FIDO-certified biometric authentication
Instimatch collaboration for Islamic banking, RegTech, and payments
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