Musaceae and Musa. The plants are clustered, with stolons. The height of the dwarf is less than 3.5 meters, generally less than 2 meters. The height of the tall type is 4-5 meters. The pseudostems are thick green with black spots and white powder, especially in the upper part.

The leaf blade is oblong, (1.5) 2-2.2 (2.5) meters long, 60-70 (85) centimeters wide. The spike is pendulous, the inflorescence axis is densely covered with brown hairs, the bracts are purple red outside, white pink, and dark red inside. Flowers milky white or slightly purplish, free perianth segments subrounded.

Infructescence curved, 10-20 clusters, about 50-150. The plants die after bearing fruit, and the suckers from the rhizomes continue to reproduce. Each plant can live for many years.

It is native to southeast Asia. China is one of the ancient banana growing countries in the world, and most of the main banana varieties in the world are transmitted from China. Bananas are distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions within 30 ° latitude from north to south in the Eastern, Western and Southern Hemispheres.

There are 130 countries cultivating bananas in the world, with Central America producing the most, followed by Asia. Bananas in China are mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan and Hainan, and a few are cultivated in Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing.

Bananas like hot and humid climate. They grow vigorously in deep, loose and well drained soil.

The average temperature of the distribution area is more than 21 ℃ for many years, and a few are about 20 ℃. Bananas require high temperature and humidity. The growth temperature is 20-35 ℃, the most suitable temperature is 24-32 ℃, and the minimum temperature should not be lower than 15.5 ℃.

It tastes sweet, cold and non-toxic. It can clear heat, moisten intestines, detoxify, nourish yin, moisten dryness, and stimulate fluid and quench thirst. It is mainly used to treat fever, thirst, constipation, hemorrhoids and other diseases.

Bananas can be eaten raw, stewed and made into dried bananas or preserved fruits, or made into banana puree (suitable for the elderly and children).

In addition, bananas can also extract banana essence, which can be used to make juice, sweet wine, fructose, beverages, toothpaste and spices.