In recent years there has been an increasing ecological and global public health concern associated with the effects of heavy metals in our environment. Among the numerous environmental pollutants, heavy metals play an important role due to its concentration in air, soil, and water. The activities of heavy metals are increasing in our society today due to anthropogenic activities.

Heavy metal is any metallic element that has a relatively high density and is toxic or poisonous even at low concentration (Singh, 2009). Heavy metals naturally occur in the environment and are vital for survival, but they may become hazardous when they accumulate in organisms. A few of the most frequent heavy metals that contaminate the environment include mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, nickel, copper and lead (Hazrat et al., 2019). They also have the ability to remain in the environment without breaking down or destroyed due to their ironic nature and relative stability and have the ability to increase through the food chain and accumulate in the body of living things, Heavy metals are regarded as an important contaminant of the environment if present in amounts exceeding natural concentrations (Sekabira, et al., 2010). Heavy metals are classified into two types; essential and non-essential heavy metals. Examples of essential heavy metals include Zinc, Copper, Iron, and Cobalt. While non-essentials include Chromium, Lead, Arsenic, Mercury etc. Water contamination by heavy metals is a critical environmental issue that adversely affects plants, animals and human health (Rezania S, et al., 2016).

Also at very low levels, some heavy metals can be harmful to aquatic organisms. These elements may cause significant physiological and hispathological changes in the tissues of aquatic organisms such as fish (Ahmed Mk, et al., 2014). Due to the environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and bio magnification of food chains and the toxicity of these elements, contamination of water bodies with heavy metal is a global issue (Rajaei G, et al., 2012