Abstract This paper argues that the dominant paradigm of individual moral responsibility—embedded in legal systems, economic theory, educational practice, and religious doctrine—systematically obscures the role of environmental architecture in shaping human behavior. Drawing on a century of empirical evidence from behavioral psychology (Skinner, 1953; Bandura, 1977), social psychology (Zimbardo, 2007; Milgram, 1963), environmental criminology (Wilson & Kelling, 1982), and public health resear...