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Although in its early stages, Web3 shows promise to deliver the benefits of blockchain and DevOps working together. This article discusses how DevOps practices, processes, tools, and blockchain technologies complement each other to deliver Web3 solutions.
DevOps is an umbrella term encompassing a culture, mindset, development styles, processes, and technologies for software development. DevOps focuses on collaboration, automation, predictable outcomes, shorter delivery cycles, and quicker client feedback to improve the quality of software delivery.
Blockchain is a technology of immutable, distributed ledgers. A blockchain ledger consists of decentralized “blocks” that contain records of events or “transactions” on the ledger’s network. Once a blockchain records a transaction, it can’t be removed or updated. Blockchains can either be centralized or decentralized, though the inherent nature of the blockchain will always be distributed.
However, most blockchain networks are decentralized, meaning they run on nodes in a network rather than central servers. Additionally, decentralized blockchains are permissionless, meaning anyone can access them or participate in their networks.
Web3 is a hypothetical version of the next generation of the internet. Web2 ushered in the age of dynamic user-generated content, wide adoption of eCommerce, and ease of use. Whereas Web3, powered by blockchain technology, brings in a new era of decentralization by transferring the ownership of user data from large players to users themselves. Web3 organizations, such as ConsenSys, deliver new tooling that promises a range of security and productivity benefits when combined with common DevOps practices.
DevOps is a cycle that continuously improves the software delivery chain. Its best practices can enable blockchain technology development through different phases and tooling. Current DevOps tools and practices will help blockchain development using containerization, automation, and short development iterations.
On the other hand, blockchain technology provides a better way to deliver services and data through immutability, security, smart contracts, and so on. In addition, it can lift DevOps delivery to a new level by ensuring quality and eliminating ambiguity.
The table below shows how different DevOps phases can work together to contribute to blockchain development, testing, and delivery.
DevOps Phase
Blockchain Development Example
Web3 Tooling Example
Feedback
In this phase, the blockchain application development team receives feedback from clients, internal teams, or even market research of competitors about improving existing features, or adding new features.
Service request monitoring tools like Request Tracker
Development
The development team adds new features, improves existing features, or fixes bugs in their blockchain application. They use different tools, technologies, and platforms for development.
Development environments, frameworks, libraries, repos, and toolsets like: Remix IDE Solidity Truffle Drizzle Ethlint Radicle Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)
Testing
Developers perform unit-testing on their newly-developed code. The test team performs system integration testing, performance testing, and so on.
Code testing tools like Ethereum Tester Ganache Diligence Fuzzing hevm
Integration
Once all tests are successful, the team pushes the newly-developed code to the source code repository of the blockchain application. A pull request merges the latest changes to the master branch.
CI tools like: CircleCI Jenkins
Build and Deployment
The integration into the master branch triggers a build process. This is when the application is built with all the dependencies and is ready for deployment. Once the build completes, the Continuous Deployment pipeline deploys the application to lower environments like UAT or STAGING. After deployment, a battery of automated tests run on these environments to ensure everything is working as expected. If all automated tests are successful, the pipeline deploys the latest version of the blockchain application to production.
Build automation and CD tools like: Gradle Truffle
Monitoring
Observability platforms, log management solutions, and monitoring tools collect logs, metrics, traces, and events from the blockchain application. IT teams use these tools to troubleshoot incidents, and performance problems, investigate security issues, or plan capacity.
Observability technologies like: Infura BlockScout Ethernal Quine
Operations
IT operations teams ensure the blockchain application is running as expected and fulfilling its SLA. They perform necessary maintenance tasks on the infrastructure, apply hotfixes, upgrade software, and so on.
Service management tools like Spiceworks
As an emerging technology, blockchain has come a long way from just cryptocurrencies and the transfer of value to the range of applications that use it now. As the technology matures, it can enhance DevOps and software delivery processes in various ways.
An application can utilize the immutable ledger technology of a blockchain for more transparent and reliable delivery. Each node in the blockchain can contain a complete history of the software’s development process and its dependencies, thus increasing its trustworthiness.
The arbitrary code of smart contracts only executes under the successful meeting of predetermined conditions. Therefore, smart contracts can be used to regulate the testing and acceptance process. Additionally, such an approach would help in automating compliance and approval processes.
Software delivery can use smart contracts to encode service level agreements for the application’s consumers. This can remove ambiguity and disagreements on requirements specified in the agreement. Similarly, a distributed ledger can help settle payments and ensure licensing rights.
While the DevSecOps practice strives to ensure software security, a blockchain requiring authentication enhances this security further by validating the players in the network. Log events can be recorded in an immutable ledger so that researchers can trace any security breach back to an exact point in time.
Also, since blockchain-based code is immutable and all nodes have the entire history of transactions, supply chain security can be maintained and verified by auditing relevant ledgers of any open source or third-party libraries.
Software documentation can often be non-existent, low-quality, or out-of-date. Similarly, multiple versions of the same documents can often cause ambiguity. Not only can an immutable ledger contain a signed version of the latest documentation, but a smart contract can also be activated right before the software delivery to ensure the fulfillment of specific documentation standards.
Web3 will potentially create a new generation of blockchain-based tools, practices, and processes for DevOps. Examples include decentralized, distributed, secure code repositories for open source and business collaboration worldwide. Examples of such code repositories include Radicle, or Ellcrys.
Web3 will also call for specialized programming languages to accommodate blockchain constraints and provide a rich set of libraries. An example of such a programming language is Solidity. Programmers can use development frameworks like Truffle to build and test their applications and run them on the Ethereum Virtual Machines (EVM).
Web2 applications allow verification of a message’s contents, but not necessarily verification of the sender. In blockchain technology, there’s an added security layer of trusted nodes that can verify the sender. Web3 will increase developer trust and security through the immutable ledger and smart contracts, enabling anyone to audit a software’s quality and purpose. Tools like Diligence can audit such smart contracts. Other tools like Quorum Key Manager can help secrets and key management.
DevOps is a widely accepted practice for software delivery. Part of its success is due to adopting cutting-edge technologies as they become available and contribute to their maturity.
Blockchain, also an emerging technology, can benefit greatly from software delivery over the web. Current DevOps tools and practices can help develop applications on top of blockchains, and a more mature blockchain adoption can improve the DevOps practices in return.
Have a really great day!
https://hackernoon.com/how-blockchain-technology-can-improve-devops-practices-in-web3
原文标题：《Web3：区块链技术将如何改进 Web3 中的 DevOps ？》（How Blockchain Technology Can Improve DevOps Practices in Web3）
撰文：John Vester
编译：ChinaDeFi
虽然还处于早期阶段，但 Web3 已经显示出其能提供区块链和 DevOps 协同 工作的可能。本文讨论了 DevOps 的实践、流程、工具、及其它将如何与区块链技术相互补充来交付 Web3 解决方案。
DevOps 是一个涵盖了软件开发的文化、思维模式、开发风格、过程和技术的总称。DevOps 旨在通过协作、自动化、可预测的结果、更短的交付周期和更快的客户反馈来提高软件交付的质量。
区块链是一种不可变的分布式账本技术。区块链分类帐由去中心化的「区块」组成，其中包含分类帐网络上的事件或「交易」记录。一旦区块链记录了一个交易，就不能删除或更新它。区块链可以是中心化的，也可以是去中心化的，它的固有性质总是分布式的。
然而，大多数区块链网络是去中心化的，这意味着它们是运行在网络中的节点上，而不是在中央服务器上。此外，去中心化的区块链是无需许可的，这意味着任何人都可以访问它们或参与它们的网络。
Web3 是下一代互联网的假想版本。Web2 迎来了动态用户生成内容、电子商务广泛采用和易于使用的时代。而由区块链技术驱动的 Web3 通过将用户数据的所有权从大型参与者转移给用户本身的方法，就足以带来去中心化的新时代。Web3 组织，比如 ConsenSys，提供了新的工具，当与常见的 DevOps 实践相结合时，这些工具有望带来一系列安全性和生产力优势。
DevOps 是一个不断改进软件交付链的循环。它的最佳实践可以通过不同的阶段和工具支持区块链技术开发。当前的 DevOps 工具和实践将使用容器化、自动化和较短的开发迭代来帮助区块链开发。
另一方面，区块链技术通过不变性、安全性、智能合约等提供了一种更好的方式来交付服务和数据。此外，通过确保质量和消除模糊性，它可以将 DevOps 交付提升到一个新的水平。
下表展示了在不同的 DevOps 阶段将如何协同 工作，它将怎样为区块链开发、测试和交付做出贡献。
作为一项新兴技术，区块链已经从加密货币转移到应用程序范围。随着技术的成熟，它可以以各种方式增强 DevOps 和软件交付过程。
应用程序可以利用区块链的不可变账本技术来实现更透明、更可靠的交付。区块链中的每个节点都可以包含软件开发过程及其依赖关系的完整历史，从而增加它的可信度。
智能合约的任意代码只在成功满足预定条件的情况下执行。因此，智能合约可以用来规范测试和验收过程。此外，这种方法将有助于实现法规遵循和批准过程的自动化。
软件交付可以使用智能合约为应用程序的消费者来编码服务水平协议。这可以消除协议中规定的需求上的歧义和分歧。同样，分布式账本可以帮助结算付款和确保许可权。
DevSecOps 的实践努力确保软件的安全性，需要认证的区块链通过验证网络中的参与者而进一步增强了这种安全性。日志事件可以记录在一个不可变的分类账中，以便研究人员可以追溯安全漏洞的确切的时间点。
此外，由于基于区块链的代码是不可变的，而且所有节点都有整个交易历史，因此可以通过审计开源或第三方库的相关账本来维护和验证供应链安全。
软件文档常常是不存在的、低质量的或过时的。相同文档的多个版本常常会造成歧义。不可变账本可以包含最新文档的签名版本，而且还可以在软件交付之前激活智能合约，以确保满足特定文档标准。
Web3 可能会为 DevOps 创建新一代基于区块链的工具、实践和流程。示例包括用于全球范围内的开源和业务协作的去中心化的、分布式的、安全的代码存储库。这类代码存储库的例子包括 Radicle 或 Ellcrys。
Web3 还需要专门的编程语言来适应区块链限制并提供丰富的库集。Solidity 就是这样一种编程语言。程序员可以使用像 Truffle 这样的开发框架来构建和测试应用程序，并在以太坊虚拟机 (EVM) 上运行它们。
Web2 应用程序允许验证消息的内容，但不一定要验证发送者。在区块链技术中，增加了可验证发送方的可信节点安全层。Web3 将通过不可变的账本和智能合约增加开发者的信任和安全性，使任何人都能审查软件的质量和用途。像 Diligence 这样的工具可以审核这样的智能合约。Quorum Key Manager 等其他工具可以帮助机密文件和密钥的管理。
DevOps 是一种被广泛接受的软件交付实践。其成功的部分原因在于其采用了尖端技术。
区块链也是一项新兴技术，它可以从网络交付的软件中获得极大的好处。当前的 DevOps 工具和实践可以帮助开发区块链上的应用程序，而更成熟的区块链的采用可以改善 DevOps 实践。
Although in its early stages, Web3 shows promise to deliver the benefits of blockchain and DevOps working together. This article discusses how DevOps practices, processes, tools, and blockchain technologies complement each other to deliver Web3 solutions.
DevOps is an umbrella term encompassing a culture, mindset, development styles, processes, and technologies for software development. DevOps focuses on collaboration, automation, predictable outcomes, shorter delivery cycles, and quicker client feedback to improve the quality of software delivery.
Blockchain is a technology of immutable, distributed ledgers. A blockchain ledger consists of decentralized “blocks” that contain records of events or “transactions” on the ledger’s network. Once a blockchain records a transaction, it can’t be removed or updated. Blockchains can either be centralized or decentralized, though the inherent nature of the blockchain will always be distributed.
However, most blockchain networks are decentralized, meaning they run on nodes in a network rather than central servers. Additionally, decentralized blockchains are permissionless, meaning anyone can access them or participate in their networks.
Web3 is a hypothetical version of the next generation of the internet. Web2 ushered in the age of dynamic user-generated content, wide adoption of eCommerce, and ease of use. Whereas Web3, powered by blockchain technology, brings in a new era of decentralization by transferring the ownership of user data from large players to users themselves. Web3 organizations, such as ConsenSys, deliver new tooling that promises a range of security and productivity benefits when combined with common DevOps practices.
DevOps is a cycle that continuously improves the software delivery chain. Its best practices can enable blockchain technology development through different phases and tooling. Current DevOps tools and practices will help blockchain development using containerization, automation, and short development iterations.
On the other hand, blockchain technology provides a better way to deliver services and data through immutability, security, smart contracts, and so on. In addition, it can lift DevOps delivery to a new level by ensuring quality and eliminating ambiguity.
The table below shows how different DevOps phases can work together to contribute to blockchain development, testing, and delivery.
DevOps Phase
Blockchain Development Example
Web3 Tooling Example
Feedback
In this phase, the blockchain application development team receives feedback from clients, internal teams, or even market research of competitors about improving existing features, or adding new features.
Service request monitoring tools like Request Tracker
Development
The development team adds new features, improves existing features, or fixes bugs in their blockchain application. They use different tools, technologies, and platforms for development.
Development environments, frameworks, libraries, repos, and toolsets like: Remix IDE Solidity Truffle Drizzle Ethlint Radicle Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)
Testing
Developers perform unit-testing on their newly-developed code. The test team performs system integration testing, performance testing, and so on.
Code testing tools like Ethereum Tester Ganache Diligence Fuzzing hevm
Integration
Once all tests are successful, the team pushes the newly-developed code to the source code repository of the blockchain application. A pull request merges the latest changes to the master branch.
CI tools like: CircleCI Jenkins
Build and Deployment
The integration into the master branch triggers a build process. This is when the application is built with all the dependencies and is ready for deployment. Once the build completes, the Continuous Deployment pipeline deploys the application to lower environments like UAT or STAGING. After deployment, a battery of automated tests run on these environments to ensure everything is working as expected. If all automated tests are successful, the pipeline deploys the latest version of the blockchain application to production.
Build automation and CD tools like: Gradle Truffle
Monitoring
Observability platforms, log management solutions, and monitoring tools collect logs, metrics, traces, and events from the blockchain application. IT teams use these tools to troubleshoot incidents, and performance problems, investigate security issues, or plan capacity.
Observability technologies like: Infura BlockScout Ethernal Quine
Operations
IT operations teams ensure the blockchain application is running as expected and fulfilling its SLA. They perform necessary maintenance tasks on the infrastructure, apply hotfixes, upgrade software, and so on.
Service management tools like Spiceworks
As an emerging technology, blockchain has come a long way from just cryptocurrencies and the transfer of value to the range of applications that use it now. As the technology matures, it can enhance DevOps and software delivery processes in various ways.
An application can utilize the immutable ledger technology of a blockchain for more transparent and reliable delivery. Each node in the blockchain can contain a complete history of the software’s development process and its dependencies, thus increasing its trustworthiness.
The arbitrary code of smart contracts only executes under the successful meeting of predetermined conditions. Therefore, smart contracts can be used to regulate the testing and acceptance process. Additionally, such an approach would help in automating compliance and approval processes.
Software delivery can use smart contracts to encode service level agreements for the application’s consumers. This can remove ambiguity and disagreements on requirements specified in the agreement. Similarly, a distributed ledger can help settle payments and ensure licensing rights.
While the DevSecOps practice strives to ensure software security, a blockchain requiring authentication enhances this security further by validating the players in the network. Log events can be recorded in an immutable ledger so that researchers can trace any security breach back to an exact point in time.
Also, since blockchain-based code is immutable and all nodes have the entire history of transactions, supply chain security can be maintained and verified by auditing relevant ledgers of any open source or third-party libraries.
Software documentation can often be non-existent, low-quality, or out-of-date. Similarly, multiple versions of the same documents can often cause ambiguity. Not only can an immutable ledger contain a signed version of the latest documentation, but a smart contract can also be activated right before the software delivery to ensure the fulfillment of specific documentation standards.
Web3 will potentially create a new generation of blockchain-based tools, practices, and processes for DevOps. Examples include decentralized, distributed, secure code repositories for open source and business collaboration worldwide. Examples of such code repositories include Radicle, or Ellcrys.
Web3 will also call for specialized programming languages to accommodate blockchain constraints and provide a rich set of libraries. An example of such a programming language is Solidity. Programmers can use development frameworks like Truffle to build and test their applications and run them on the Ethereum Virtual Machines (EVM).
Web2 applications allow verification of a message’s contents, but not necessarily verification of the sender. In blockchain technology, there’s an added security layer of trusted nodes that can verify the sender. Web3 will increase developer trust and security through the immutable ledger and smart contracts, enabling anyone to audit a software’s quality and purpose. Tools like Diligence can audit such smart contracts. Other tools like Quorum Key Manager can help secrets and key management.
DevOps is a widely accepted practice for software delivery. Part of its success is due to adopting cutting-edge technologies as they become available and contribute to their maturity.
Blockchain, also an emerging technology, can benefit greatly from software delivery over the web. Current DevOps tools and practices can help develop applications on top of blockchains, and a more mature blockchain adoption can improve the DevOps practices in return.
Have a really great day!
https://hackernoon.com/how-blockchain-technology-can-improve-devops-practices-in-web3
原文标题：《Web3：区块链技术将如何改进 Web3 中的 DevOps ？》（How Blockchain Technology Can Improve DevOps Practices in Web3）
撰文：John Vester
编译：ChinaDeFi
虽然还处于早期阶段，但 Web3 已经显示出其能提供区块链和 DevOps 协同 工作的可能。本文讨论了 DevOps 的实践、流程、工具、及其它将如何与区块链技术相互补充来交付 Web3 解决方案。
DevOps 是一个涵盖了软件开发的文化、思维模式、开发风格、过程和技术的总称。DevOps 旨在通过协作、自动化、可预测的结果、更短的交付周期和更快的客户反馈来提高软件交付的质量。
区块链是一种不可变的分布式账本技术。区块链分类帐由去中心化的「区块」组成，其中包含分类帐网络上的事件或「交易」记录。一旦区块链记录了一个交易，就不能删除或更新它。区块链可以是中心化的，也可以是去中心化的，它的固有性质总是分布式的。
然而，大多数区块链网络是去中心化的，这意味着它们是运行在网络中的节点上，而不是在中央服务器上。此外，去中心化的区块链是无需许可的，这意味着任何人都可以访问它们或参与它们的网络。
Web3 是下一代互联网的假想版本。Web2 迎来了动态用户生成内容、电子商务广泛采用和易于使用的时代。而由区块链技术驱动的 Web3 通过将用户数据的所有权从大型参与者转移给用户本身的方法，就足以带来去中心化的新时代。Web3 组织，比如 ConsenSys，提供了新的工具，当与常见的 DevOps 实践相结合时，这些工具有望带来一系列安全性和生产力优势。
DevOps 是一个不断改进软件交付链的循环。它的最佳实践可以通过不同的阶段和工具支持区块链技术开发。当前的 DevOps 工具和实践将使用容器化、自动化和较短的开发迭代来帮助区块链开发。
另一方面，区块链技术通过不变性、安全性、智能合约等提供了一种更好的方式来交付服务和数据。此外，通过确保质量和消除模糊性，它可以将 DevOps 交付提升到一个新的水平。
下表展示了在不同的 DevOps 阶段将如何协同 工作，它将怎样为区块链开发、测试和交付做出贡献。
作为一项新兴技术，区块链已经从加密货币转移到应用程序范围。随着技术的成熟，它可以以各种方式增强 DevOps 和软件交付过程。
应用程序可以利用区块链的不可变账本技术来实现更透明、更可靠的交付。区块链中的每个节点都可以包含软件开发过程及其依赖关系的完整历史，从而增加它的可信度。
智能合约的任意代码只在成功满足预定条件的情况下执行。因此，智能合约可以用来规范测试和验收过程。此外，这种方法将有助于实现法规遵循和批准过程的自动化。
软件交付可以使用智能合约为应用程序的消费者来编码服务水平协议。这可以消除协议中规定的需求上的歧义和分歧。同样，分布式账本可以帮助结算付款和确保许可权。
DevSecOps 的实践努力确保软件的安全性，需要认证的区块链通过验证网络中的参与者而进一步增强了这种安全性。日志事件可以记录在一个不可变的分类账中，以便研究人员可以追溯安全漏洞的确切的时间点。
此外，由于基于区块链的代码是不可变的，而且所有节点都有整个交易历史，因此可以通过审计开源或第三方库的相关账本来维护和验证供应链安全。
软件文档常常是不存在的、低质量的或过时的。相同文档的多个版本常常会造成歧义。不可变账本可以包含最新文档的签名版本，而且还可以在软件交付之前激活智能合约，以确保满足特定文档标准。
Web3 可能会为 DevOps 创建新一代基于区块链的工具、实践和流程。示例包括用于全球范围内的开源和业务协作的去中心化的、分布式的、安全的代码存储库。这类代码存储库的例子包括 Radicle 或 Ellcrys。
Web3 还需要专门的编程语言来适应区块链限制并提供丰富的库集。Solidity 就是这样一种编程语言。程序员可以使用像 Truffle 这样的开发框架来构建和测试应用程序，并在以太坊虚拟机 (EVM) 上运行它们。
Web2 应用程序允许验证消息的内容，但不一定要验证发送者。在区块链技术中，增加了可验证发送方的可信节点安全层。Web3 将通过不可变的账本和智能合约增加开发者的信任和安全性，使任何人都能审查软件的质量和用途。像 Diligence 这样的工具可以审核这样的智能合约。Quorum Key Manager 等其他工具可以帮助机密文件和密钥的管理。
DevOps 是一种被广泛接受的软件交付实践。其成功的部分原因在于其采用了尖端技术。
区块链也是一项新兴技术，它可以从网络交付的软件中获得极大的好处。当前的 DevOps 工具和实践可以帮助开发区块链上的应用程序，而更成熟的区块链的采用可以改善 DevOps 实践。
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