Preface

The Trump team's issuance of a meme coin on Solana caused significant market turbulence. This move not only propelled the valuation of the Solana ecosystem skyward but also triggered a substantial shift of institutional funds from the Ethereum ecosystem. Consequently, Ethereum is facing its most severe market challenge since its inception.

This transformation in market dynamics has not only reshaped Ethereum's competitive landscape in the public blockchain sector but also prompted new considerations for Layer 1 ecosystems. In the race for scalability and user experience, Ethereum urgently needs technological breakthroughs.

The drastic changes in market dynamics have not only shaken Ethereum's market confidence in the public blockchain sector but also highlighted that competition in the Layer 1 sector is entering a crucial turning point. Confronted with the dual challenges of scalability and user experience, Ethereum's ecosystem requires groundbreaking technological innovations. The Puffer team has introduced the UniFi solution based on the Based Rollup architecture, opening up new possibilities for Ethereum's scaling path.

Puffer UniFi: A Revolutionary Ethereum Layer 2 Solution

As a revolutionary Ethereum Layer 2 solution, UniFi aims to address the four core pain points that constrain Ethereum's development: achieving atomic composability and instant transactions between L1 and L2, solving the issue of liquidity fragmentation in the L2 ecosystem, and introducing a decentralized sequencing mechanism to enhance the practical value of ETH tokens.

Based on the Based Rollup concept, UniFi innovatively transfers the responsibility of transaction sequencing to Ethereum L1 validators, significantly enhancing security and neutrality. This technological breakthrough provides a fresh perspective for Ethereum to rebuild its competitive advantage. It may become a pivotal turning point for the Ethereum ecosystem in the face of the new market landscape.

UniFi leverages Puffer's existing LRT service technology and integrates three core components: Based Sequencing, UniFi Preconf AVS, and TEE multi-prover, to realize the UniFi Based Rollup technical architecture.

Based Rollup: A New Paradigm for Layer 2 Scaling

After Ethereum's Cancún upgrade, Layer 2 scaling solutions have regained market focus. Currently, mainstream scaling solutions such as Optimistic Rollups and ZK Rollups have exposed significant limitations in practical applications.

Optimistic Rollups dominate the market, but their seven-day challenge window mechanism severely impacts capital liquidity and faces high fraud proof costs during network congestion. ZK Rollups excel in transaction confirmation speed and data storage efficiency but suffer from high operational costs due to the computation-intensive nature of zero-knowledge proofs, affecting overall processing performance. Crucially, both solutions require maintaining independent centralized infrastructure, increasing system maintenance burdens and deviating to some extent from the decentralized design intent.

To overcome these technical bottlenecks, Ethereum Foundation researcher Justin Drake proposed the Based Rollup concept in March 2023. This innovative solution achieves deep collaboration between Layer 2 and Layer 1 by migrating transaction sequencing functions to the Ethereum mainnet. In the Based Rollup architecture, the consensus layer, data availability layer, and settlement layer all rely on the Ethereum mainnet, while the Rollup network focuses solely on transaction execution and state updates. This design not only simplifies Layer 2's technical architecture but also fully inherits the liveness of the Ethereum mainnet, marking a significant breakthrough in existing scaling solutions.

The biggest advantage of Based Rollup is that it fully inherits the security of the Ethereum mainnet, eliminating complex designs such as independent sequencer validation and escape hatch mechanisms, while significantly reducing system maintenance costs.

The question arises: if Based Rollup is so excellent, why hasn't it been widely adopted?

The answer is obvious: Based Rollup still has some defects that require substantial technical accumulation and innovation to address.

While Based Rollup inherits the security of the Ethereum mainnet, it inevitably inherits its transaction confirmation period limitation. Since transaction sequencing power fully relies on Layer 1, the final confirmation time for Based Rollup is locked within Ethereum's block time (approximately 12 seconds). This time span is too long for applications like DeFi that require high timeliness, severely limiting Based Rollup's practical application prospects.

Puffer has proposed a creative and comprehensive solution to this core pain point.

Pre-Confirmation Mechanism: Overcoming Based Rollup Challenges

In the development of the Web3 ecosystem, high-performance public blockchains have always faced deep-seated contradictions between efficiency and decentralization. High-performance public blockchains represented by Solana and TON, although possessing strong processing capabilities, still struggle with congestion issues during peak times due to the direct interaction mode between users and chain nodes. To address this dilemma, many off-chain preprocessing solutions have emerged, achieving millisecond-level transaction responses through centralized order aggregation while effectively mitigating MEV risks. However, this efficiency enhancement inevitably introduces centralization risks due to its reliance on a single entity for transaction aggregation and asset custody.

Against this backdrop, the pre-confirmation mechanism being explored in the Ethereum ecosystem provides a new perspective. This mechanism aims to maintain decentralization while preserving high performance by adding a preprocessing step before transactions are chained.

Based on this concept, Puffer has developed an innovative UniFi AVS pre-confirmation solution in combination with EigenLayer. In its architectural design, Layer 2 transactions first enter a pool of validation nodes registered through Native ReStaking. These validators, being native Ethereum nodes, can complete transaction pre-confirmation within 100 milliseconds, enabling users to obtain a reliable prediction of transaction status without waiting for the full confirmation period, significantly enhancing user experience.

UniFi AVS leverages EigenLayer to implement a strict economic punishment mechanism, constraining validation nodes to fulfill their pre-confirmation commitments. This means any node violating its pre-confirmation commitment will face the loss of staked assets, thereby ensuring the credibility of pre-confirmation at the system level. Through this dual-layer safeguard mechanism, Puffer cleverly addresses the efficiency bottleneck of Based Rollup, achieving millisecond-level transaction responses while maintaining high security.

The pre-confirmation mechanism is poised to become a key technology driving the evolution of the Web3 ecosystem. It not only provides necessary performance support for Based Rollup but also, more importantly, creates a new paradigm that balances efficiency and decentralization.

TEE+Multiprover: Reconstructing Cross-Layer Atomic Interoperability

Puffer's technological innovation is not limited to the pre-confirmation mechanism. It achieves seamless integration between Layer 1 and Layer 2 through a dual-verification architecture combining Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) and Multiprover. The core value of this architectural design lies in realizing cross-layer atomic composability.

Atomic composability refers to the ability for interactions between smart contracts to be completed within a single transaction, ensuring that either all operations are successfully executed or all are rolled back. This characteristic is relatively easy to achieve in a single-chain environment but has always been an industry challenge in cross-layer scenarios. Traditional Layer 2 solutions often require a lengthy confirmation period, severely limiting the development of cross-layer DeFi applications.

Puffer cleverly addresses this issue through the TEE+Multiprover architecture. TEE provides an independent secure execution environment capable of isolating the verification process and ensuring that the computation process is not interfered with by external factors. On this basis, the Multiprover mechanism introduces multiple validation nodes to participate in transaction verification, forming a decentralized rapid consensus network. This design enables cross-layer transactions to obtain credible pre-confirmation from the TEE node cluster before waiting for the final Layer 1 confirmation, controlling consensus delays to milliseconds.

TEE+Multiprover not only enhances finality speed but also brings atomic composability with Layer 1 to UniFi rollup. This means DApps deployed on rollup can directly access liquidity pools on the Ethereum mainnet, enabling cross-layer atomic transactions. This seamless cross-layer interaction capability provides unprecedented possibilities for DeFi innovation. Meanwhile, by introducing a permissionless validator participation mechanism and an anti-slashing system, Puffer maintains the system's decentralization while ensuring high performance.

The significance of this innovative architecture extends beyond the technical level. It essentially redefines the boundaries of Layer 2, evolving rollup from a mere scaling tool into a bridge for inter-layer value transfer. With the deepening development of the Web3 ecosystem, this infrastructure capable of enabling cross-layer atomic interactions is expected to play an increasingly important role.

Conclusion

Puffer's technological vision directly addresses the core pain points of the Ethereum ecosystem, such as liquidity fragmentation, fragmented user experiences, and dispersed narratives.

At the technical implementation level, Puffer leverages its technical accumulation in the areas of the re-staking verifiable node network and Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to introduce UniFi, the most comprehensive Based Rollup solution to date. While maintaining high performance, it also ensures decentralization. This innovative technical architecture not only provides a novel solution to Ethereum's existing scaling dilemma but also opens up a new path for the healthy development of the Layer 2 ecosystem.

Simultaneously, with the gradual improvement of innovative technologies such as the pre-confirmation mechanism and TEE multi-prover, the benefiting application scenarios are not limited to the Rollup track alone but span the entire Web3, such as Trading Bots and DEXs, which can be upgraded through these technologies. As a leader in multiple technological innovations, Puffer is poised to play a significant role in these processes

Preface

The Trump team's issuance of a meme coin on Solana caused significant market turbulence. This move not only propelled the valuation of the Solana ecosystem skyward but also triggered a substantial shift of institutional funds from the Ethereum ecosystem. Consequently, Ethereum is facing its most severe market challenge since its inception.

This transformation in market dynamics has not only reshaped Ethereum's competitive landscape in the public blockchain sector but also prompted new considerations for Layer 1 ecosystems. In the race for scalability and user experience, Ethereum urgently needs technological breakthroughs.

The drastic changes in market dynamics have not only shaken Ethereum's market confidence in the public blockchain sector but also highlighted that competition in the Layer 1 sector is entering a crucial turning point. Confronted with the dual challenges of scalability and user experience, Ethereum's ecosystem requires groundbreaking technological innovations. The Puffer team has introduced the UniFi solution based on the Based Rollup architecture, opening up new possibilities for Ethereum's scaling path.

Puffer UniFi: A Revolutionary Ethereum Layer 2 Solution

As a revolutionary Ethereum Layer 2 solution, UniFi aims to address the four core pain points that constrain Ethereum's development: achieving atomic composability and instant transactions between L1 and L2, solving the issue of liquidity fragmentation in the L2 ecosystem, and introducing a decentralized sequencing mechanism to enhance the practical value of ETH tokens.

Based on the Based Rollup concept, UniFi innovatively transfers the responsibility of transaction sequencing to Ethereum L1 validators, significantly enhancing security and neutrality. This technological breakthrough provides a fresh perspective for Ethereum to rebuild its competitive advantage. It may become a pivotal turning point for the Ethereum ecosystem in the face of the new market landscape.

UniFi leverages Puffer's existing LRT service technology and integrates three core components: Based Sequencing, UniFi Preconf AVS, and TEE multi-prover, to realize the UniFi Based Rollup technical architecture.

Based Rollup: A New Paradigm for Layer 2 Scaling

After Ethereum's Cancún upgrade, Layer 2 scaling solutions have regained market focus. Currently, mainstream scaling solutions such as Optimistic Rollups and ZK Rollups have exposed significant limitations in practical applications.

Optimistic Rollups dominate the market, but their seven-day challenge window mechanism severely impacts capital liquidity and faces high fraud proof costs during network congestion. ZK Rollups excel in transaction confirmation speed and data storage efficiency but suffer from high operational costs due to the computation-intensive nature of zero-knowledge proofs, affecting overall processing performance. Crucially, both solutions require maintaining independent centralized infrastructure, increasing system maintenance burdens and deviating to some extent from the decentralized design intent.

To overcome these technical bottlenecks, Ethereum Foundation researcher Justin Drake proposed the Based Rollup concept in March 2023. This innovative solution achieves deep collaboration between Layer 2 and Layer 1 by migrating transaction sequencing functions to the Ethereum mainnet. In the Based Rollup architecture, the consensus layer, data availability layer, and settlement layer all rely on the Ethereum mainnet, while the Rollup network focuses solely on transaction execution and state updates. This design not only simplifies Layer 2's technical architecture but also fully inherits the liveness of the Ethereum mainnet, marking a significant breakthrough in existing scaling solutions.

The biggest advantage of Based Rollup is that it fully inherits the security of the Ethereum mainnet, eliminating complex designs such as independent sequencer validation and escape hatch mechanisms, while significantly reducing system maintenance costs.

The question arises: if Based Rollup is so excellent, why hasn't it been widely adopted?

The answer is obvious: Based Rollup still has some defects that require substantial technical accumulation and innovation to address.

While Based Rollup inherits the security of the Ethereum mainnet, it inevitably inherits its transaction confirmation period limitation. Since transaction sequencing power fully relies on Layer 1, the final confirmation time for Based Rollup is locked within Ethereum's block time (approximately 12 seconds). This time span is too long for applications like DeFi that require high timeliness, severely limiting Based Rollup's practical application prospects.

Puffer has proposed a creative and comprehensive solution to this core pain point.

Pre-Confirmation Mechanism: Overcoming Based Rollup Challenges

In the development of the Web3 ecosystem, high-performance public blockchains have always faced deep-seated contradictions between efficiency and decentralization. High-performance public blockchains represented by Solana and TON, although possessing strong processing capabilities, still struggle with congestion issues during peak times due to the direct interaction mode between users and chain nodes. To address this dilemma, many off-chain preprocessing solutions have emerged, achieving millisecond-level transaction responses through centralized order aggregation while effectively mitigating MEV risks. However, this efficiency enhancement inevitably introduces centralization risks due to its reliance on a single entity for transaction aggregation and asset custody.

Against this backdrop, the pre-confirmation mechanism being explored in the Ethereum ecosystem provides a new perspective. This mechanism aims to maintain decentralization while preserving high performance by adding a preprocessing step before transactions are chained.

Based on this concept, Puffer has developed an innovative UniFi AVS pre-confirmation solution in combination with EigenLayer. In its architectural design, Layer 2 transactions first enter a pool of validation nodes registered through Native ReStaking. These validators, being native Ethereum nodes, can complete transaction pre-confirmation within 100 milliseconds, enabling users to obtain a reliable prediction of transaction status without waiting for the full confirmation period, significantly enhancing user experience.

UniFi AVS leverages EigenLayer to implement a strict economic punishment mechanism, constraining validation nodes to fulfill their pre-confirmation commitments. This means any node violating its pre-confirmation commitment will face the loss of staked assets, thereby ensuring the credibility of pre-confirmation at the system level. Through this dual-layer safeguard mechanism, Puffer cleverly addresses the efficiency bottleneck of Based Rollup, achieving millisecond-level transaction responses while maintaining high security.

The pre-confirmation mechanism is poised to become a key technology driving the evolution of the Web3 ecosystem. It not only provides necessary performance support for Based Rollup but also, more importantly, creates a new paradigm that balances efficiency and decentralization.

TEE+Multiprover: Reconstructing Cross-Layer Atomic Interoperability

Puffer's technological innovation is not limited to the pre-confirmation mechanism. It achieves seamless integration between Layer 1 and Layer 2 through a dual-verification architecture combining Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) and Multiprover. The core value of this architectural design lies in realizing cross-layer atomic composability.

Atomic composability refers to the ability for interactions between smart contracts to be completed within a single transaction, ensuring that either all operations are successfully executed or all are rolled back. This characteristic is relatively easy to achieve in a single-chain environment but has always been an industry challenge in cross-layer scenarios. Traditional Layer 2 solutions often require a lengthy confirmation period, severely limiting the development of cross-layer DeFi applications.

Puffer cleverly addresses this issue through the TEE+Multiprover architecture. TEE provides an independent secure execution environment capable of isolating the verification process and ensuring that the computation process is not interfered with by external factors. On this basis, the Multiprover mechanism introduces multiple validation nodes to participate in transaction verification, forming a decentralized rapid consensus network. This design enables cross-layer transactions to obtain credible pre-confirmation from the TEE node cluster before waiting for the final Layer 1 confirmation, controlling consensus delays to milliseconds.

TEE+Multiprover not only enhances finality speed but also brings atomic composability with Layer 1 to UniFi rollup. This means DApps deployed on rollup can directly access liquidity pools on the Ethereum mainnet, enabling cross-layer atomic transactions. This seamless cross-layer interaction capability provides unprecedented possibilities for DeFi innovation. Meanwhile, by introducing a permissionless validator participation mechanism and an anti-slashing system, Puffer maintains the system's decentralization while ensuring high performance.

The significance of this innovative architecture extends beyond the technical level. It essentially redefines the boundaries of Layer 2, evolving rollup from a mere scaling tool into a bridge for inter-layer value transfer. With the deepening development of the Web3 ecosystem, this infrastructure capable of enabling cross-layer atomic interactions is expected to play an increasingly important role.

Conclusion

Puffer's technological vision directly addresses the core pain points of the Ethereum ecosystem, such as liquidity fragmentation, fragmented user experiences, and dispersed narratives.

At the technical implementation level, Puffer leverages its technical accumulation in the areas of the re-staking verifiable node network and Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to introduce UniFi, the most comprehensive Based Rollup solution to date. While maintaining high performance, it also ensures decentralization. This innovative technical architecture not only provides a novel solution to Ethereum's existing scaling dilemma but also opens up a new path for the healthy development of the Layer 2 ecosystem.

Simultaneously, with the gradual improvement of innovative technologies such as the pre-confirmation mechanism and TEE multi-prover, the benefiting application scenarios are not limited to the Rollup track alone but span the entire Web3, such as Trading Bots and DEXs, which can be upgraded through these technologies. As a leader in multiple technological innovations, Puffer is poised to play a significant role in these processes