There could be special circumstances when the velocity of circulation increases beyond these boundaries. During hyperinflation money loses its function of store of value, as economic agents expecting fast growing prices try to exchange money for goods even if they do not need those goods to consume.

There could be special circumstances when the velocity of circulation increases beyond these boundaries. During hyperinflation money loses its function of store of value, as economic agents expecting fast growing prices try to exchange money for goods even if they do not need those goods to consume.