The most important number in global finance isn’t GDP or market cap. It’s velocity.

For decades, economists and central banks have measured money by putting it into buckets: M1, M2, M3 and M4. Think of them as water tanks. M1 is the shallowest tank; cash and checking accounts that can be spent instantly. M2 is slightly deeper; savings and small time deposits. M3 and M4 are the largest reservoirs, holding institutional money like commercial paper, short-term debt or large deposits.

This system worked when financial systems were domestic and money rarely crossed borders. Central banks could track which tank money sat in and that map gave them a picture of liquidity.

That map no longer works. Stablecoins, cross-border networks and tokenized deposits act like pipes that connect all the tanks together. A Treasury bill sitting in New York; traditionally classified as M3, can now be transformed into instantly spendable cash in São Paulo or Lagos through a stablecoin issuer.

The old rules still exist on paper while stablecoins ignore them. Reserves sit in assets central banks would count as M2 or M3; short-term Treasuries, deposits, money market funds - yet the tokens spend like M1: bearer cash, immediately usable, borderless. The same asset now shows up in official statistics and at the same time circulates digitally worldwide.

The reality is a single global pool of value. Cash, deposits, Treasuries, repos, stablecoins, tokenized deposits and even future CBDCs are all just different expressions of value moving at different speeds. Some are fast like cash, others are slower like long-term deposits, still the walls dividing them are dissolving.

The shift is similar to the move from letters and telegrams to email. Once everything became digital messages, distinctions between “urgent” and “regular” faded. Stablecoins are doing the same to money.

Viewed this way, the scale becomes clear. Global M2; the pool of cash and savings deposits - is about $95 trillion. Broader measures that include M3 and M4 equivalents reach $110 to $130 trillion. Stablecoins today account for roughly $250 billion, a fraction of a percent.

The comparison is like the internet in 1995. Tiny next to television, but already reshaping how all information moved. Stablecoins are the same: not a competing bucket, but the bridge that makes the entire $120 trillion global pool programmable.

Stablecoins reshape money. A Treasury bill in M3 becomes instantly usable when tokenized. A deposit in M2 can move across borders without correspondent banks. Slow assets are compressed into fast liquidity.

Think of it as high-speed rail. It doesn’t create new cities, but it transforms how quickly and efficiently people can move between them. Stablecoins turn previously siloed assets into global liquidity.

When money becomes portable, people in fragile economies can exit quickly. In places with chronic inflation or capital controls, stablecoins are the escape hatch. Deposits in pesos or naira leak into dollar stablecoins. Savings shift from domestic pools into digital USD. Capital flight no longer requires offshore wires or physical cash - it happens at internet speed.

For citizens, this is survival. For central banks, it is a loss of control. Dollarization is happening bottom-up through stablecoin adoption on mobile phones.

At the same time, stablecoins open new possibilities. Global liquidity doesn’t have to route exclusively through the dollar. Corridor-native stablecoins allow a peso or real-backed token to take the settlement role directly. Non-dollar assets can, for the first time, become programmable and competitive in global trade.

It’s like trade routes shifting from one empire’s ports to many regional hubs. Central banks that once depended on holding dollars could anchor commerce with their own liquidity.

This is the threat to U.S. dominance. Each cross-border payment that settles outside the dollar weakens structural demand for USD. The GENIUS bill is one example of Washington’s attempt to slow the spread of programmable settlement.

The Fed sees two risks. First, stablecoins accelerate capital flight from fragile economies, destabilizing trade partners. Second, they chip away at the dollar’s network effect, the foundation of U.S. geopolitical leverage. Empires have always defended their trade routes. Today, the routes are digital and control of value flows still equals control of power.

This is why the question “how big is the stablecoin market?” misses the point. The real question is how much of the $120 trillion global value pool can be mobilized through programmable settlement. Stablecoins are the mechanism that makes the full pool accessible.

For orda, this is the foundation. We are not competing for a sliver of a stablecoin market. We are building the coordination fabric for the global value pool - every corridor, every currency, every reserve asset. We don’t think in M1 or M2. We think in value. Stablecoins are not the destination. They are the onramp to a programmable liquidity system that can absorb the full scale of global money.

The world doesn’t need new lines between M1 and M2. It needs to recognize all value as liquid, programmable and routable. That is where the next wave of financial infrastructure will be built and why the real battle over money is no longer about supply, but about control.