Cover photo

Bridges 8/15/23

While operation choke point 2.0 set the industry back months (years?) in the fallout of the FTX collapse by targeting fiat on and off ramps such as the silvergate exchange network and signature bank, there’s been a lot of news the last two weeks about new players making it easier for fiat to flow in and out of the digital asset ecosystem.

Bridges

Crypto bridges refer to methods of moving tokens from one network to another, eg. ethereum to polygon, solana to avalanche, etc.

Bridges can be trustless (non-custodial and managed by code) or trusted (custodial and managed by a third party). In either case, treasuries holding reserves of bridged assets are the modern equivalent of trains carrying payroll shipments in the Wild West.

Both trustless and trusted bridges are vulnerable, trustless bridges via smart contract loopholes or trusted bridges via compromised private keys. Over 50% of all Defi exploits were bridge attacks totaling over $2.5B in lost assets.

While cross chain bridges operate at meaningful scale -- since 2021 there has been between $5 and $15B of wrapped BTC on ethereum and up to an additional $150B+ USD backed stablecoin -- fiat bridges, often referred to as on and off ramps to the crypto ecosystem, will be a key driver of digital assets crypto growing from a $1 trillion to a $10+ trillion asset class in the years ahead.

Macro

QT, for real this time.

post image

Earnings recession was already here.

post image

Soft landing headline frequency, contraindicator?

post image

Equity rally concentrated in large growth names.

post image

Stocks are expensive relative to bonds.

post image

Yield curve still flashes warning sign despite long end steepening.

the inversion will end eventually and how it ends will be telling—whether the main cause is falling interest rates or new bets that the economy can withstand higher rates than previously believed.

post image

Crypto

  • 56% of BTC hasn’t moved in 2 years

  • 29% hasn’t moved in 5 years

  • More than 1m wallets hold 1+ Bitcoin

  • miners accumulating again

  • BTC a beachball underwater?

Crypto x Culture

  • monument game

  • fewos drop date (9/25 - 9/29)

  • dunk genesis forge teased

  • the met on roblox

  • zynga launches sugartown

  • paradigm on open problems of on chain games

Other References

  1. Dapper collectives

  2. Trevor McFedries on a new kind of internet

  3. Hybrid brands thread

  4. Buffett not worried about Fitch downgrade

  5. Metaproof: Futureverse  $50m metaverse fund

  6. WSJ: Recession gauge

  7. TBL: Soft Landing Pipe Dream

  8. Messari: State of the market

  9. Game of trades weekly update

  10. Capriole market update

  11. Coindesk: Europe’s first spot BTC ETF

  12. Reuters: Burry bearish options

  13. Delphi on BTC cycles

  14. Paradigm: Open problems of onchain games

  15. Sega still exploring web3 gaming

  16. Visa paying gas fees with a card

  17. FT: Bonds are no longer the safe option

  18. Bloomberg: Money market assets climb to record $5.5 trillion

  19. Multicoin: Hidden cost of modular systems