
Capital and enclosure in software commons: Linux & Ethereum
Entities which extract profits from software commons like Linux and Ethereum have the greatest incentive and capacity to co-opt them. The views shared here are my own and may not necessarily represent those held by Protocol Guild members or the Ethereum Foundation. Cover image from Spirited Away (2001). If you prefer to listen, audio versions can be found here:Linux & Ethereum: Commoning vs Commodifying (Sept. 2023) Protocol BergSafeguarding Ethereum’s Soul: Protocol Guild and governing the d...

Protocol Guild: a funding framework for the Ethereum commons
Valuable resources are produced within the Ethereum commons. The way they are produced matters to their integrity. Protocol Guild is a stewardship funding protocol which upholds that integrity. Thanks to Barnabé, John, Josh, Paul, and Tim for review. *************************************** Commons are productive systems which create resources for collective benefit. Some examples from the broader digital commons, include Wikipedia, Linux, and Ethereum.ethereum as a commons, parallel to existi...

Aggregation & atomization: dependency funding round dynamics
The term “public goods” has been diluted - “dependency” might be better. Round-based funding mechanisms incentivize atomization - how can we avoid this? Thanks to Carl, Cheeky, Jonas, and Tim for review and comments. Cover image from the NOAA page on corals - “most corals are made up of hundreds to hundreds of thousands of individual coral polyps.”“Public Goods” vs “Dependencies”Funding Round TradeoffsReflecting on OP Retro Round 5Possible modifications for rounds“Public Goods” vs “Dependenci...
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Capital and enclosure in software commons: Linux & Ethereum
Entities which extract profits from software commons like Linux and Ethereum have the greatest incentive and capacity to co-opt them. The views shared here are my own and may not necessarily represent those held by Protocol Guild members or the Ethereum Foundation. Cover image from Spirited Away (2001). If you prefer to listen, audio versions can be found here:Linux & Ethereum: Commoning vs Commodifying (Sept. 2023) Protocol BergSafeguarding Ethereum’s Soul: Protocol Guild and governing the d...

Protocol Guild: a funding framework for the Ethereum commons
Valuable resources are produced within the Ethereum commons. The way they are produced matters to their integrity. Protocol Guild is a stewardship funding protocol which upholds that integrity. Thanks to Barnabé, John, Josh, Paul, and Tim for review. *************************************** Commons are productive systems which create resources for collective benefit. Some examples from the broader digital commons, include Wikipedia, Linux, and Ethereum.ethereum as a commons, parallel to existi...

Aggregation & atomization: dependency funding round dynamics
The term “public goods” has been diluted - “dependency” might be better. Round-based funding mechanisms incentivize atomization - how can we avoid this? Thanks to Carl, Cheeky, Jonas, and Tim for review and comments. Cover image from the NOAA page on corals - “most corals are made up of hundreds to hundreds of thousands of individual coral polyps.”“Public Goods” vs “Dependencies”Funding Round TradeoffsReflecting on OP Retro Round 5Possible modifications for rounds“Public Goods” vs “Dependenci...
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Is anyone gaming out GPU scenarios heading into and after the Merge? I check in every once and a while to miner subreddits r/ethermining and r/gpumining, here's a collection of possibilities and second order effects
TLDR: i think GPUs will get cheaper, but not at the Merge
first we should consider whether a miner has ROId aka "broken even." they are much more likely to ride through the Merge. these are probably long-term miners who have been through things, unlikely to make quick decisions, and bc they are already ROId, don't need to
just because they don't need to, doesn't mean they won't. getting a good price before others may be tempting enough to drop out pre-Merge and hedge
larger operations might also project out to see they will make X$ by mining and Y$ by selling the GPUs, and the day that Y>X, you would expect them to sell
if they haven't ROId, it's a little more complex. some may try to frontrun the flood, but there's less pressure in absolute $ terms if you run a small setup. some are hobbyists doing it for fun, or can use GPUs for gaming if things become too unprofitable
however, as we know, difficulty is self balancing - if miners leave to sell their hardware, it becomes that much more lucrative to stick around and get the last ETH block rewards from PoW
based on what i've observed, i think this "frontrunning" effect will be less dramatic. as mentioned, Ethereum still pays the best out of any GPU coin. leaving that income on the table doesn't seem likely
second, inertia + a "wait and see approach" are strong predictors
case in point, 1559 (Aug. '21) was projected to significantly cut miner revenues, but bc Ethereum is so profitable it didn't seem to effect total hashrate. (IIRC the May '21 drop is related to china mining bans). meaning - many miners waited it out and ended up sticking around

adding to "wait and see" factor: miners (and the rest of us lol) don't know exactly when the Merge/the end of PoW will take place. we have projections and best guesses, but it will be ready when its ready. i don't blame miners for not acting within this uncertainty
interestingly, HR growth rate since EOY has slowed - is this The Market already whispering its expectations? I wonder if total hashrate / growth rate will materially react to an announcement of total terminal difficulty TTD (akin to block height in a regular network upgrade)
quick interjection about TTD
so back to miners that haven't ROId: based on reddit discussion, many miners expect to move to a lower hashrate GPU coin. given this is a very common public sentiment, i'm pretty sure it's not going to work out as expected
ethereum provides income for most of the GPU hashrate market today. after the Merge, they need to look elsewhere if they choose to keep mining

it seems to follow that the chains will not be able to maintain the same level of profitability when ~95% more hashrate suddenly redistributes itself
this point is often countered with the claim that "miner inflows = demand/ interest in the coin = significant price increases" seems like motivated reasoning at best
so again: i think GPUs will eventually fall in price, but whether it happens directly at the Merge or not depends on how many miners have ROId, and how much the want to hedge against future unprofitability in the GPU world
maybe a slow bleed? we'll see!
caveat - keep in mind i have a pretty limited perspective, i don't have insights into non-english mining communities, or how larger miners plan to operate
that's it - check out additional discussions here on r/ethereum which partially prompted these tweeeets
Is anyone gaming out GPU scenarios heading into and after the Merge? I check in every once and a while to miner subreddits r/ethermining and r/gpumining, here's a collection of possibilities and second order effects
TLDR: i think GPUs will get cheaper, but not at the Merge
first we should consider whether a miner has ROId aka "broken even." they are much more likely to ride through the Merge. these are probably long-term miners who have been through things, unlikely to make quick decisions, and bc they are already ROId, don't need to
just because they don't need to, doesn't mean they won't. getting a good price before others may be tempting enough to drop out pre-Merge and hedge
larger operations might also project out to see they will make X$ by mining and Y$ by selling the GPUs, and the day that Y>X, you would expect them to sell
if they haven't ROId, it's a little more complex. some may try to frontrun the flood, but there's less pressure in absolute $ terms if you run a small setup. some are hobbyists doing it for fun, or can use GPUs for gaming if things become too unprofitable
however, as we know, difficulty is self balancing - if miners leave to sell their hardware, it becomes that much more lucrative to stick around and get the last ETH block rewards from PoW
based on what i've observed, i think this "frontrunning" effect will be less dramatic. as mentioned, Ethereum still pays the best out of any GPU coin. leaving that income on the table doesn't seem likely
second, inertia + a "wait and see approach" are strong predictors
case in point, 1559 (Aug. '21) was projected to significantly cut miner revenues, but bc Ethereum is so profitable it didn't seem to effect total hashrate. (IIRC the May '21 drop is related to china mining bans). meaning - many miners waited it out and ended up sticking around

adding to "wait and see" factor: miners (and the rest of us lol) don't know exactly when the Merge/the end of PoW will take place. we have projections and best guesses, but it will be ready when its ready. i don't blame miners for not acting within this uncertainty
interestingly, HR growth rate since EOY has slowed - is this The Market already whispering its expectations? I wonder if total hashrate / growth rate will materially react to an announcement of total terminal difficulty TTD (akin to block height in a regular network upgrade)
quick interjection about TTD
so back to miners that haven't ROId: based on reddit discussion, many miners expect to move to a lower hashrate GPU coin. given this is a very common public sentiment, i'm pretty sure it's not going to work out as expected
ethereum provides income for most of the GPU hashrate market today. after the Merge, they need to look elsewhere if they choose to keep mining

it seems to follow that the chains will not be able to maintain the same level of profitability when ~95% more hashrate suddenly redistributes itself
this point is often countered with the claim that "miner inflows = demand/ interest in the coin = significant price increases" seems like motivated reasoning at best
so again: i think GPUs will eventually fall in price, but whether it happens directly at the Merge or not depends on how many miners have ROId, and how much the want to hedge against future unprofitability in the GPU world
maybe a slow bleed? we'll see!
caveat - keep in mind i have a pretty limited perspective, i don't have insights into non-english mining communities, or how larger miners plan to operate
that's it - check out additional discussions here on r/ethereum which partially prompted these tweeeets
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