Today, we focus on WETH, exploring its core technological advantages over other Layer 2 solutions.

Currently, there are already excellent Bitcoin Layer 2 and cross-chain projects in the market, such as Lightning Network, Stacks, Liquid Network, RSK, and RGB.

However, WETH has chosen a unique technological path, combining Bitcoin’s security with a high-performance execution environment, chain-key cryptography cross-chain mechanism, comprehensive EVM compatibility, and cross-ecosystem asset interoperability. In this article, we will compare these advantages against other L2 and cross-chain bridge solutions like tBTC, with a focus on its technical highlights.

WETH builds a dedicated application chain deployed on a high-performance Canister smart contract architecture, capable of supporting massive concurrent transactions while maintaining web-level response speeds. This architecture abstracts away complex underlying operations, making user interactions simple, secure, and reliable, while providing scalability for DeFi, NFTs, blockchain games, and more.

WETH is fully compatible with the Ethereum ecosystem, supporting tools such as MetaMask, Truffle, Hardhat, and Solidity. Developers can migrate their existing applications to Bitcoin Layer 2 without rewriting contracts or learning a new toolchain, enjoying both BTC’s security and ETH ecosystem’s liquidity.

WETH uses native BTC to pay gas fees, similar to Optimism using ETH as gas. This not only streamlines the user experience but also leverages Bitcoin’s scarcity and value anchor to provide a more solid economic foundation for Layer 2.

With chain key cryptography, WETH smart contracts can interact directly with the Bitcoin mainnet without relying on third-party cross-chain bridges. Users’ BTC can be minted 1:1 into wBTC on-chain through a threshold signature mechanism, achieving secure, real-time cross-chain mapping in just seconds. This eliminates delays and security risks of traditional bridges while retaining Bitcoin’s mainnet-level security.

WETH adopts MuSig2 multi-party threshold signatures based on Taproot, replacing traditional private key splitting (Shamir Secret Sharing). MuSig2 requires only two communication rounds to complete signature aggregation, supports large-scale node participation, enhances security and efficiency, and is compatible with secp256k1 (BIP340 Schnorr) and sr25519 (Ristretto-compressed Ed25519 points).

With a Wasm-enabled on-chain BTC light node, WETH can fetch data directly from the Bitcoin network without relying on third-party oracles, fundamentally eliminating the risk of data tampering or centralization.

During threshold signature processes, WETH nodes use the Signal protocol for encrypted communication, ensuring perfect forward secrecy (PFS) to prevent eavesdropping, data leaks, or collusion attacks.

WETH leverages ZK-STARK zero-knowledge proofs to offload heavy computations off-chain while verifying their integrity and privacy on-chain, reducing on-chain load while ensuring security and compliance.

In the future, WETH will integrate with Bitfinity EVM, enabling seamless interaction between Bitcoin Layer 2 assets and Ordinals, Runes, and more. It will also support complex DeFi lending, NFT trading, and other cross-chain smart contract applications, providing a robust infrastructure for global asset flows.

Compared with tBTC’s private key splitting, WETH’s MuSig2 solution offers superior security, scalability, and efficiency, while significantly reducing communication complexity.

WETH’s threshold signature validators operate entirely on-chain, avoiding the opacity and manipulation risks of off-chain distributed networks and improving system trustworthiness.

The on-chain BTC light node directly retrieves Bitcoin mainnet data, eliminating reliance on oracles and avoiding centralization risks caused by third-party failure or malicious behavior.

The Signal protocol provides end-to-end encryption and forward secrecy during threshold signing, preventing data interception, tampering, or leaks between nodes.

The Canister architecture ensures high-throughput execution, while Bitfinity EVM enables asset and contract interoperability across chains—positioning WETH as not just a Bitcoin Layer 2, but also an open, cross-ecosystem financial infrastructure.

Leveraging these technologies, WETH allows BTC to cross-chain into Layer 2 in a fully decentralized way, while enabling all Ethereum ecosystem decentralized applications to run with Bitcoin’s security guarantees. BTC not only serves as Layer 2 gas but can also be bridged via WETH to any blockchain, achieving true cross-chain free flow.

Today, we focus on WETH, exploring its core technological advantages over other Layer 2 solutions.

Currently, there are already excellent Bitcoin Layer 2 and cross-chain projects in the market, such as Lightning Network, Stacks, Liquid Network, RSK, and RGB.

However, WETH has chosen a unique technological path, combining Bitcoin’s security with a high-performance execution environment, chain-key cryptography cross-chain mechanism, comprehensive EVM compatibility, and cross-ecosystem asset interoperability. In this article, we will compare these advantages against other L2 and cross-chain bridge solutions like tBTC, with a focus on its technical highlights.

WETH builds a dedicated application chain deployed on a high-performance Canister smart contract architecture, capable of supporting massive concurrent transactions while maintaining web-level response speeds. This architecture abstracts away complex underlying operations, making user interactions simple, secure, and reliable, while providing scalability for DeFi, NFTs, blockchain games, and more.

WETH is fully compatible with the Ethereum ecosystem, supporting tools such as MetaMask, Truffle, Hardhat, and Solidity. Developers can migrate their existing applications to Bitcoin Layer 2 without rewriting contracts or learning a new toolchain, enjoying both BTC’s security and ETH ecosystem’s liquidity.

WETH uses native BTC to pay gas fees, similar to Optimism using ETH as gas. This not only streamlines the user experience but also leverages Bitcoin’s scarcity and value anchor to provide a more solid economic foundation for Layer 2.

With chain key cryptography, WETH smart contracts can interact directly with the Bitcoin mainnet without relying on third-party cross-chain bridges. Users’ BTC can be minted 1:1 into wBTC on-chain through a threshold signature mechanism, achieving secure, real-time cross-chain mapping in just seconds. This eliminates delays and security risks of traditional bridges while retaining Bitcoin’s mainnet-level security.

WETH adopts MuSig2 multi-party threshold signatures based on Taproot, replacing traditional private key splitting (Shamir Secret Sharing). MuSig2 requires only two communication rounds to complete signature aggregation, supports large-scale node participation, enhances security and efficiency, and is compatible with secp256k1 (BIP340 Schnorr) and sr25519 (Ristretto-compressed Ed25519 points).

With a Wasm-enabled on-chain BTC light node, WETH can fetch data directly from the Bitcoin network without relying on third-party oracles, fundamentally eliminating the risk of data tampering or centralization.

During threshold signature processes, WETH nodes use the Signal protocol for encrypted communication, ensuring perfect forward secrecy (PFS) to prevent eavesdropping, data leaks, or collusion attacks.

WETH leverages ZK-STARK zero-knowledge proofs to offload heavy computations off-chain while verifying their integrity and privacy on-chain, reducing on-chain load while ensuring security and compliance.

In the future, WETH will integrate with Bitfinity EVM, enabling seamless interaction between Bitcoin Layer 2 assets and Ordinals, Runes, and more. It will also support complex DeFi lending, NFT trading, and other cross-chain smart contract applications, providing a robust infrastructure for global asset flows.

Compared with tBTC’s private key splitting, WETH’s MuSig2 solution offers superior security, scalability, and efficiency, while significantly reducing communication complexity.

WETH’s threshold signature validators operate entirely on-chain, avoiding the opacity and manipulation risks of off-chain distributed networks and improving system trustworthiness.

The on-chain BTC light node directly retrieves Bitcoin mainnet data, eliminating reliance on oracles and avoiding centralization risks caused by third-party failure or malicious behavior.

The Signal protocol provides end-to-end encryption and forward secrecy during threshold signing, preventing data interception, tampering, or leaks between nodes.

The Canister architecture ensures high-throughput execution, while Bitfinity EVM enables asset and contract interoperability across chains—positioning WETH as not just a Bitcoin Layer 2, but also an open, cross-ecosystem financial infrastructure.

Leveraging these technologies, WETH allows BTC to cross-chain into Layer 2 in a fully decentralized way, while enabling all Ethereum ecosystem decentralized applications to run with Bitcoin’s security guarantees. BTC not only serves as Layer 2 gas but can also be bridged via WETH to any blockchain, achieving true cross-chain free flow.