This post focuses on the Layer2 Rollup universe of Ethereum (only including Secured Rollup), and will explore the good and bad of the current Rollups from the core concepts and mechanism design in an easy-to-understand way, and think about the potential routes and advantages and disadvantages of each of their future solutions in terms of decentralization, further scaling, composability, and additional features such as privacy. A Secured Rollup is a Rollup model like Arbitrum or Optimism, wher...

This post focuses on the Layer2 Rollup universe of Ethereum (only including Secured Rollup), and will explore the good and bad of the current Rollups from the core concepts and mechanism design in an easy-to-understand way, and think about the potential routes and advantages and disadvantages of each of their future solutions in terms of decentralization, further scaling, composability, and additional features such as privacy. A Secured Rollup is a Rollup model like Arbitrum or Optimism, wher...

0. Rollup’s BottleneckIf you read the previous post on Rollup I wrote, then you probably noticed that there was an intentional bug in the endgame comparison between Optimistic and zk Rollup. The conclusion was that Optimistic Rollup would outperform zk Rollup in the long run because there is no proving overhead. But in fact, Optimistic and zk Rollup actually take turns to take the lead in performance over time:Different types of Secured Rollups have different bottlenecks at different stages, ...

0. Rollup’s BottleneckIf you read the previous post on Rollup I wrote, then you probably noticed that there was an intentional bug in the endgame comparison between Optimistic and zk Rollup. The conclusion was that Optimistic Rollup would outperform zk Rollup in the long run because there is no proving overhead. But in fact, Optimistic and zk Rollup actually take turns to take the lead in performance over time:Different types of Secured Rollups have different bottlenecks at different stages, ...

TL; DRZero-knowledge proof, which can guarantee computational integrity, correctness and privacy, has a lot of use cases in blockchain scaling and privacy.zk-SNARK and zk-STARK have their own advantages, and the combination of these two has more potential.zkVM empowers applications with zero-knowledge proofs, and zkVM can be categorized by instruction sets in mainstream, EVM, or newly-built ones.EVM compatibility includes EVM compatibility, equivalence, and specification-level compatibility.z...

TL; DRZero-knowledge proof, which can guarantee computational integrity, correctness and privacy, has a lot of use cases in blockchain scaling and privacy.zk-SNARK and zk-STARK have their own advantages, and the combination of these two has more potential.zkVM empowers applications with zero-knowledge proofs, and zkVM can be categorized by instruction sets in mainstream, EVM, or newly-built ones.EVM compatibility includes EVM compatibility, equivalence, and specification-level compatibility.z...

0. Quick TakesIn the era of WEB 3.0, users own the data on the chain, and the data is open, transparent and traceable. We seem to have found the utopia of freedom and equality, on the other side, how to protect the privacy will be another holy grail. Here is the mind map of this article:We have no privacy in Web2In Chapter 10 of the Bitcoin white paper, Satoshi devotes an entire section to describing the Bitcoin network’s privacy model. In a traditional banking model, participants and trusted...

0. Quick TakesIn the era of WEB 3.0, users own the data on the chain, and the data is open, transparent and traceable. We seem to have found the utopia of freedom and equality, on the other side, how to protect the privacy will be another holy grail. Here is the mind map of this article:We have no privacy in Web2In Chapter 10 of the Bitcoin white paper, Satoshi devotes an entire section to describing the Bitcoin network’s privacy model. In a traditional banking model, participants and trusted...

Overview of StarkWareStarkWare mainly solves the scalability and privacy of the blockchain. StarkWare has developed a complete solution that uses STARK technology to form Volition through zk-Rollups and Validium modes to generate and verify the proof of computational integrity. StarkWare’s cryptography proof can achieve zero-knowledge, simplicity, transparency and post-quantum security. The main products developed by StarkWare are: StarkNet, StarkEx, Cairo.FeaturesScalabilityStarkWare allows ...

Overview of StarkWareStarkWare mainly solves the scalability and privacy of the blockchain. StarkWare has developed a complete solution that uses STARK technology to form Volition through zk-Rollups and Validium modes to generate and verify the proof of computational integrity. StarkWare’s cryptography proof can achieve zero-knowledge, simplicity, transparency and post-quantum security. The main products developed by StarkWare are: StarkNet, StarkEx, Cairo.FeaturesScalabilityStarkWare allows ...

msfew@Foresight Ventures0. Quick TakeIn just six months, the Arbitrum ecosystem has grown exponentially and already has mature and innovative projects in all fields. Part of the potential of Arbitrum has been realized, and in the coming time, Arbitrum will continue to grow at a rapid pace to dominate the L2 solutions.Arbitrum’s infrastructure is well developed thanks to its basis characters, and its wallets and exchange support are among the most prominent Layer2 solutions, laying a solid fou...

msfew@Foresight Ventures0. Quick TakeIn just six months, the Arbitrum ecosystem has grown exponentially and already has mature and innovative projects in all fields. Part of the potential of Arbitrum has been realized, and in the coming time, Arbitrum will continue to grow at a rapid pace to dominate the L2 solutions.Arbitrum’s infrastructure is well developed thanks to its basis characters, and its wallets and exchange support are among the most prominent Layer2 solutions, laying a solid fou...

Quick TakesStorage-based Consensus Paradigm smart contracts are the optimal solution for DApps in the Web3 era, providing high performance with uncapped TPS, while ensuring data traceability and monopoly-free.The essence of smart contracts is not to avoid risk, but to allow a reasonable distribution of risk among the people involved in the contract. The oversight issue of smart contracts can be addressed by DAO and open source.Arweave is a Layer0 network with permanent storage, on which SCP a...

Quick TakesStorage-based Consensus Paradigm smart contracts are the optimal solution for DApps in the Web3 era, providing high performance with uncapped TPS, while ensuring data traceability and monopoly-free.The essence of smart contracts is not to avoid risk, but to allow a reasonable distribution of risk among the people involved in the contract. The oversight issue of smart contracts can be addressed by DAO and open source.Arweave is a Layer0 network with permanent storage, on which SCP a...

Composability refers to the ability to reassemble components into larger structures, and for the output of one component to be the input to another. The best example of this is Lego where each piece can be connected to another.Composability is Great…?The great composability! Composability brings us Money Lego (standards like ERC-20 and OpenZepplin), Financial Lego (combinations of DeFi protocols), and Media Lego (NFT). Composability is innovation! Developers can take someone else’s Lego (cont...

Composability refers to the ability to reassemble components into larger structures, and for the output of one component to be the input to another. The best example of this is Lego where each piece can be connected to another.Composability is Great…?The great composability! Composability brings us Money Lego (standards like ERC-20 and OpenZepplin), Financial Lego (combinations of DeFi protocols), and Media Lego (NFT). Composability is innovation! Developers can take someone else’s Lego (cont...

People don’t pay for technology, but they pay for the stories that carry the technology and the innovation. The key to Crypto’s boom is not the novelty of the technology. Still, the wave of thoughts behind it revolutionized tradition, overthrew the centralized order, and the movement of rethinking politics, economics, and art. In this article, we will revisit the critical “stories” in the history of Crypto in chronological order. This article explores about 40 pieces, with a total of about 10...

People don’t pay for technology, but they pay for the stories that carry the technology and the innovation. The key to Crypto’s boom is not the novelty of the technology. Still, the wave of thoughts behind it revolutionized tradition, overthrew the centralized order, and the movement of rethinking politics, economics, and art. In this article, we will revisit the critical “stories” in the history of Crypto in chronological order. This article explores about 40 pieces, with a total of about 10...

Crypto is dead. Long live crypto.AC thinks: Crypto is following the same path as monetary policy in the early years, repeating the same mistakes it made before. The dragon slayer may be slowly turning into the dragon. Wave after wave of Crypto has iterated it into something else. Crypto culture has killed the Crypto spirit. Indeed, it's as if that's really the case. We no longer prioritize our core values (decentralization, security, privacy, ownership, innovation), but rather focus...

Crypto is dead. Long live crypto.AC thinks: Crypto is following the same path as monetary policy in the early years, repeating the same mistakes it made before. The dragon slayer may be slowly turning into the dragon. Wave after wave of Crypto has iterated it into something else. Crypto culture has killed the Crypto spirit. Indeed, it's as if that's really the case. We no longer prioritize our core values (decentralization, security, privacy, ownership, innovation), but rather focus...

Arweave1. OverviewArweave is a decentralized network focused on storing data permanently. Compared to Bitcoin’s global ledger and Ether’s global computer positioning, Arweave is similar to a global hard drive that never loses data. In a public chain of storage, Arweave has the potential to become the “Layer 0” of Web 3.0, existing as a critical infrastructure.2. Why store data permanently important?Pre-WebBefore the advent of the Web, data was usually recorded in books such as history books, ...

Arweave1. OverviewArweave is a decentralized network focused on storing data permanently. Compared to Bitcoin’s global ledger and Ether’s global computer positioning, Arweave is similar to a global hard drive that never loses data. In a public chain of storage, Arweave has the potential to become the “Layer 0” of Web 3.0, existing as a critical infrastructure.2. Why store data permanently important?Pre-WebBefore the advent of the Web, data was usually recorded in books such as history books, ...

0. Quick TakesCurrent status:The NFT is proof of ownership, a receipt for your purchase, not the work itself. Everything is a link, and NFT is one of those links.Currently, NFT is mainly considered as artworks, including conceptual art and generative art. The investment strategy of some of the NFT is more like movies and games than artworks and is very much related to the community and publicity.The future:NFT will be more diverse, not only in the form of images but also generally in the form...

0. Quick TakesCurrent status:The NFT is proof of ownership, a receipt for your purchase, not the work itself. Everything is a link, and NFT is one of those links.Currently, NFT is mainly considered as artworks, including conceptual art and generative art. The investment strategy of some of the NFT is more like movies and games than artworks and is very much related to the community and publicity.The future:NFT will be more diverse, not only in the form of images but also generally in the form...